changing attitudes & values social order middle class rights for women – suffrage: the right...
TRANSCRIPT
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Changing Attitudes & Values
• Social Order• Middle Class• Rights for Women–Suffrage: The right to vote
• Public Education – late 1800’s• Higher Education
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John Stuart Mill & Reform
• Gov’t should work for the good of all its citizens• Protected working children;
improve housing and factory conditions• Rejected economic systems that
left workers trapped in poverty
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–Equality for all regardless of social class or economic power–All human beings “have equal need of a voice in government to secure their share of its benefits.”
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Early Reform Laws• Working conditions troubled British
public–Factory Act of 1802–Ten Hours Act of 1847
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Early Reform Laws• Hard to enforce – conditions remained
harsh• Did nothing to increase wages• Workers banded together to demandreform–Strikes –Unions
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Collective Action
•By the 1870s Parliament passed laws legalizing strikes – unions have real power•Management and unions
discuss wages, hours, working conditions
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New Methods of Production
• Interchangeable parts•Assembly line
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Technology• Steel:–Henry Bessemer – purified iron
ore–Lighter, harder, more durable
than iron–Produced cheaply
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•Chemicals–Medicine–First artificial food
(margarine)–Perfume–Soap!!–Dynamite
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•Electricity–Electric light bulb–Batteries–Cables to carry electicity–Power transformers–AC Current
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More…..• Transportation:–Internal combustion engine–Cars & gasoline–Airplanes
• Communication:–Telegraph–Telephone–Radio
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Life during the Industrial Revolution
• Medicine:–Germ discovery–Vaccines–Pasteurization–Insects can
cause illness
–Anesthesia–Sterilization–Sanitation–Antiseptics
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Cities• Increasing
population• Slums• Tenements• More wealth• Shopping areas• Trolley lines• Suburbia
• Sidewalks• Paved streets• Electric street
lights• Sewers• Clean water• Skyscrapers