changing matter
TRANSCRIPT
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Changing Matter• Matter can be changed two ways:
–Physically • Physical reaction
• Physical change
–Chemically• Chemical reaction
• Chemical change
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Physical Changes
• Do NOT CHANGE THE TYPE OF MATTER
– Nothing new or different is formed– Could be a change in:
• Mass
• Volume
• Hardness
• Color
• Density
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How to Recognize a Physical Change
• Change in. . .– Size– Shape– State
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Examples of Physical Changes
• Boiling • Freezing• Dissolving • Breaking • Making a mixture
– 2 or more types of matter (substances) mixed together
• Not in specific amounts• Can be separated physically
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Chemical Properties
• Describes how a substance reacts
• Examples:– What happens when
it’s burned?– What happens when
it’s mixed with vinegar?
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Chemical Changes
• Evidence of a chemical reaction– Formation of gas (bubbles form)– Formation of precipitate (new substance)– Change in color– Change in energy (heat and light)
• Endothermic– Absorbs heat energy (gets cold)
• Exothermic– Releases heat energy (gets hot)
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Examples of a Chemical Change
• Burning anything• Rusting• Tarnishing• Baking a cake• Frying eggs
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Chemical Changes
• Atoms are re-arranged, NOT created or destroyed– Law of Conservation of Matter– Law of Conservation of Mass
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Chemical Changes
• Matter is conserved type of atoms does not change– Nothing is created or destroyed
• Mass is conserved amount of atoms cannot change– Nothing is created or destroyed
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Chemical Changes
• To show conservation of mass Balance equations– Make sure there are the same number of
each type of atom in the products and in the reactants
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Balancing Equations
The equation for the burning of methane gas in oxygen is:
CH4 + 2 O2 → CO2 + 2 H2O
Subscript
Shows # of atoms
Coefficient
Shows # of molecules
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Balanced Equation
CH4 + 2 O2 → CO2 + 2 H2O
Reactants Products (Original Substances) (New Substances Formed)
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Types of Chemical Reactions
• Synthesis Reaction2 or more simple substances combine to form a more complex substance.
A+B AB
• Decomposition Reaction
A more complex substance breaks down into its more simple parts
AB A + B
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Types of Chemical Reactions
• Replacement Reactions
AB + CD AD + CB