chap 2 robbins

8/11/2019 Chap 2 Robbins

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ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIORS T E P H E N P. R O B B I N S

W W W . P R E N H A L L . C O M / R O B B I N S

T E N T H E D I T I O N

2003 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. PowerPoint Presentation by Charlie Cook


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2003 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 22

AFTER STUDYING THIS CHAPTER,

YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO:

1. Define the key biographical characteristics.

2. Identify two types of ability.

3. Shape the behavior of others.

4. Distinguish between the four schedules of

reinforcement.

5. Clarify the role of punishment in learning.

6. Practice self-management

7. Exhibit effective discipline skills.

LEA

R

NI

N

G

OB

JEC

TIV

ES


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Biographical Characteristics


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Ability


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Number aptitude

Verbal comprehension

Perceptual speed

Inductive reasoning

Deductive reasoning

Spatial visualization

Memory

Dimensions of

Intellectual Ability

E X H I B I T 2-1


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Physical Ability


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Other Factors

Body coordination

Balance

Stamina

Nine Physical Abilities

Strength Factors Dynamic strength

Trunk strength

Static strength

Explosive strength Flexibility Factors

Extent flexibility

Dynamic flexibility

E X H I B I T 2-2


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Ability-JobFit

The Ability-Job Fit

Employees

Abilities

Jobs Ability

Requirements


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Learning

Learning

Involves change

Is relatively permanent

Is acquired through experience


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Theories of Learning

Key Concepts

Unconditioned stimulus Unconditioned response

Conditioned response


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Theories of Learning (contd)

Key Concepts

Reflexive (unlearned) behavior Conditioned (learned) behavior

Reinforcement


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Key Concepts

Attention processes

Retention processes

Motor reproduction processes

Reinforcement processes


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Key Concepts

Reinforcement is required to change behavior.

Some rewards are more effective than others.

The timing of reinforcement affects learningspeed and permanence.


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Schedules of Reinforcement


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Schedules of Reinforcement (contd)


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E X H I B I T 2-4

Schedules of Reinforcement

Fixed-ratio


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Intermittent Schedules of Reinforcement

E X H I B I T 2-5a


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Intermittent Schedules of Reinforcement (contd)

E X H I B I T 2-5b


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Behavior Modification

Problem-solving Model

Identify critical behaviors

Develop baseline data

Identify behavioral consequences

Apply intervention

Evaluate performance improvement


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OB MOD Organizational Applications

Well Pay versus Sick Pay

Reduce absenteeism by rewarding attendance, notabsence.

Employee Discipline

The use of punishment can be counter-productive.

Developing Training Programs

OB MOD methods improve training effectiveness.

Self-management

Reduces the need for external management control.

chap 2 robbins

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