Unit 1: Biochemistry

Chapter 1: Basic biology reviewChapter 2: Chemistry review Chapter 3: Biological molecules

Chapter 1: Review

Classification and evolution Get into 6 groups (1A 2-3 each, or 4B 3-4 each) Diagram the topic assigned to your group on your

whiteboard (definitions, key ideas, examples) Each group will present their diagram to the class

and this will guide our discussion of the topics. Topics: Organization p.2-3; Living things

p.4-5; biosphere p.5-6; human pop. and biodiversity p.6-7; classification and naming p.8, 10; domains and kingdoms p.8-9

Important misconceptions

What is science? What is evolution? What is a hypothesis? What is a scientific theory?

Individual assignment

Answer questions #1-22 on p. 16-17 Answer questions #1-2 on page 17

with your group.

Chapter 2: Chemistry review

Skim pages 20-23 in your textbook. Be prepared to answer questions about the concepts discussed on those pages.

I will hand out a vocabulary list for this chapter. You may re-copy some of these definitions in your notes, or just highlight the ones that you are instructed to define in your notes.

Chapter 2: Ionic vs Covalent

A chemical bond represents chemical energy and is a force that holds atoms or molecules together.

What is the difference between a compound and a molecule? Draw and example of each in your notes.

Relate the terms ion, ionic bond, and salt.

Compare the contrast ionic and covalent bonding.

Chapter 2: Molecular structure One covalent bond represents the sharing

of 2 electrons. Covalent molecules can have multiple

bonds. Write a sample compound with a single, double, and triple bond. Double covalent bonds are more reactive than

single covalent bonds. Why is the shape of a molecule important? What determines the shape of a

molecule? Linear vs Bent vs Tetrahedral shapes

Chapter 2: Polarity and H+ bonds Define electronegativity. Contrast nonpolar and polar covalent bonds Define hydrogen bond.

Why is a hydrogen bond important to the structure and function of a molecule?

Each hydrogen bond is weak, but a large number of hydrogen bonds is strong.

Examine Figure 2.9 with the different representations of a water molecule.

Covalent and ionic bonds hold atoms together, while hydrogen bonds hold molecules together.

Chapter 2: Chemistry of Water

List the six properties of water in your notes with a couple of spaces in-between each. Define and provide an example of each

property in your notes. Review acids (H+) and bases (OH-)

Discuss pH and concentration What is a buffer? Regulation of pH by buffers is essential

to all living systems.

Individual Assignment

Answer questions #1-22 on p. 33-34 Answer questions #1-2 on page 34

with your group. Be sure you know all vocabulary

terms in “Understanding the Terms” on page 34.

Your quiz over chapters 1-2 will be on Friday 8/21 before we begin chapter 3.

Chapter 3: Organic molecules Define: Organic

and Inorganic compound Why are organic

molecules so diverse?

Functional groups: know those in the book and…..

Define isomer

3.2 Carbohydrates

Glucose Fig. 3.6 Structural formula and isomers Fig. 3.8-3.9 Monomer for starch,

glycogen, cellulose, chitin Fig. 3.7 Formation of a disaccharide

From two monosaccharides: 2 hydroxyl groups combine to form an ether (called a glycoside bond in carbohydrates).

3.2 Carbohydrates

Define all bold terms on pages 38-39 Create a table describing the

different types of carbohydrates. 3 types Include structure, definition, and

examples (at least 3 each) Describe the three structural

polysaccharides In what organisms are they found What are they used for

3.3 Lipids

Fig. 3.11 Recognize different types by shape Differentiate between saturated and

unsaturated▪ Structure = solid fat or liquid oil at room

temp. Compare triglyceride and

phospholipid (bent) Fig. 3.12 Hydrophilic vs hydrophobic

(cell membrane)

3.3 Lipids

Define all bold words Copy table 3.3 on page 42

Describing the different types of lipids Read the last two paragraphs on

page 42 Take notes

How is the structure of a steroid different than that of a typical lipid?

Waxes Hydrophobic and solid at normal

temperatures

3.4 Proteins

Fig. 3.15 Know the generalized structure, not all types (will need to know them in biochemistry in college)

Fig. 3.17 Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structure

Protein folding diseases Chaperone proteins Cystic fibrosis, alzheimers TSE diseases – prions (mad cow)

3.4 Proteins

Create a t-chart describing the six functions of proteins

Define all bold terms on pages 46-49

3.5 Nucleic Acids

Fig. 3.21 DNA vs Fig. 3.20 RNA structures

Fig. 3.22 AMP is related to ATP The A nucleotide in RNA

Individual Assignment

Answer questions #1-34 on p. 54-55 Answer questions #1-2 on page 56

with your group. Be sure you know all vocabulary

terms in “Understanding the Terms” on page 56.

Your quiz over ch. 3 will be on Thursday 9/11 before your test over Unit 1 on Thursday 9/18.