chapter 1- chemical bonding
DESCRIPTION
Chapter 1- Chemical Bonding. Section 1: pages 4-7 Electrons and Chemical Bonding. Bellringer. How many words can you make from the word science?. CEE CEES CENSE CINE CINES EN ENS ES ICE ICES IN INS IS NEE NICE NIECE NIECES SCENE SCENIC SCIENCE SEC SEE SEEN SEI - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Chapter 1- Chemical BondingSection 1: pages 4-7
Electrons and Chemical Bonding
How many words can you make from the word science?
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Bellringer
• Identify the elements in these compounds.• Are these compounds similar to each other?
C6H12O6 C2H5OH
C6H8O6 C6H8O7
The atoms of just three elements (C,H,O) combine to form sugar, alcohol, and citric acid.
VOCABULARYChemical Bonding – the joining of atoms to form new substances.
Chemical Bond – a force of attraction that holds two atoms together.
Valence Electrons – the electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom. These are the electrons involved in forming chemical bonds.
Electron Number and Organization
Electrons are tiny, very light particles that have a negative electrical charge (-).
Protons are much larger and heavier than electrons and have a positive charge
Neutrons are large and heavy like protons, however neutrons have no electrical charge.
Electron Number and Organization
Atomic Number tells you the number of protons and electrons in the atom.
Valence Electrons and Bonding
Valence Electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell. It is these electrons that form bonds.
The number of some Valence Electrons is determined by its periodic table group.
Families on the Periodic Table• Elements on the periodic table can be grouped
into families bases on their chemical properties.
• Each family has a specific name to differentiate it from the other families in the periodic table.
• Elements in each family react differently with other elements.
Each row is called a “period”
1st Period = 1 Shell
2nd Period = 2 Shells
3rd Period = 3 Shells
4th Period = 4 Shells
The elements in each period have the same number of shells
www.chem4kids.com
Groups
Each column is called a “group”Each element in a group has the same number of electrons in their outer orbital, also known as “shells”.
Group 1 = 1 electronGroup 2 = 2 electrons
Group 8 = 8 electrons
Except for He, it has 2 electrons
The electrons in the outer shell are called “valence electrons”www.chem4kids.com
3, 4, 5, 6, 7