chapter 1: principles of pharmacology psychopharmacology psychoactive drug
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 1:
Principles ofPharmacology
Psychopharmacology
Psychoactive drug
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Drug Categories
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Opium Wars
Historical Use of a Drug: Opium
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Opium use in Europe and US
Historical Use of a Drug: Opium
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Pure Food and Drug Act – 1906
Harrison Act – 1914
Prohibition (18th amendment) – 1920
Controlled Substances Act – 1970
US drug laws
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The Life of a Drug in the Body
1. Route of administration (getting it in)
2. Absorption/ Distribution (getting to the brain)
3. Binding (how it works)4. Metabolism/Deactivation
(stopping it)5. Excretion (getting rid of it)
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Routes of Administration – Getting the drugs in
first-pass effect:
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Method of Administration Affects Blood Concentration
Administration of nicotine by smoking or chewing
Routes of Administration – Getting the drugs in
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Absorption and Distribution- getting drug to the brain
lipid/water-solubility:
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lipid/water-solubility
Heroin
http://www.ch.ic.ac.uk/rzepa/mim/drugs/gifs/heroin.gif
HO
HO
Morphine
Absorption and Distribution- getting drug to the brain
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ionization:
Absorption and Distribution- getting drug to the brain
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blood-brain barrier:
Absorption and Distribution- getting drug to the brain
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Binding- how drug works
Drug depots:
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Receptors:
Binding- how drug works
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Metabolism- stopping drug effect
Excretion- getting drug out of body
Half-life:
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Metabolism- stopping drug effect
Excretion- getting drug out of body
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The Life of a Drug in the Body
1. Route of administration (getting it in)
2. Absorption/ Distribution (getting to the brain)
3. Binding (how it works)4. Metabolism/Deactivation
(stopping it)5. Excretion (getting rid of it)
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Dose–response curve
Other Important Concepts
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Dose–response curves for four analgesic agents
Other Important Concepts
Potency:
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Comparison effects of a drug
Other Important Concepts
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Effects of Repeated Drug Use Tolerance:
Is reversible Not all drug effects show equal tolerance Types of tolerance
Disposition Pharmocodynamic Behavioral
Other Important Concepts
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Effects of Repeated Drug Use Sensitization
Other Important Concepts
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Therapeutic effects
Side effects
Other Important Concepts
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Drug Development and Testing
Other Important Concepts