chapter 1 – section 1. geography the study of the earth’s surface and the processes that shape...
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Chapter 1 – Section 1
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Geography
The study of the earth’s surface and the
processes that shape it.
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Physical Geography: The study of the natural “physical” environment.
Cultural “Human” Geography: The study of human characteristics and cultures around the world
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Five Themes
of Geography1. Location: Where is the place?
2. Place: What is the place like?
4. Region: How is a place similar/different to other places?
5. Human Interaction: How have people changed a place?
3. Movement: How do people, goods, & ideas move in a place?
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LOCATION1. Absolute Location –
Where a place is located on the earth
2. Relative Location – Where a place is located in relation to another place
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Grid System
A system that uses lines of latitude and longitude to locate places.
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Absolute Location is determined by using lines of latitude and longitude to form a grid.
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latitude – parallels of latitude measure distance north or south from the equator
Equator – an imaginary line that circles the earth at its widest point - 0°
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longitude – meridians measure distance east or west from the Prime Meridian.
Prime Meridian – line of longitude that runs through Greenwich, England - 0°
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Hemisphere - ½ of the earth’s surface
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The relative location of Lyford is about 15
miles north of Harlingen
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PlaceWhat is a place like?
This includes physical features and cultural characteristics
culture – Every part of the way people live.
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RegionsFormal Regions – Defined by a limited number of related characteristics.Example: Europe, Africa
Functional Regions – Based on a set of interactions or connections between places.Example: A city and its suburbs
Perceptual Regions – A region that people perceive. May not be the same to everyone.Example: The Midwest
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Culture Regions Areas connected by similar cultural
characteristics and patterns.
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Human–Environment Interaction
The relationship between people and their environment
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Movement How people, goods, and
ideas move from one location to another.