chapter - 1 · the cost of proposed resin unit is approximately rs. 1.25 crore. proposed unit will...

Environmental Impact Assessment Report for Proposed Resin Manufacturing Unit

SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, Village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.

T. R. Associates, AHMEDABAD NABET Accredited

Chapter - 1: Introduction 1.1

CHAPTER - 1

INTRODUCTION 1.1 INTRODUCTION

MM//ss.. SSwwaassttiikk LLaammiinnaatteess is proposed unit** which intends to manufacture Resins

(Phenol Formaldehyde, Melamine Formaldehyde & Urea Formaldehyde) at Survey

no. 203/15, B/h. Shaktiman Rotawetar, N.H. Road, Village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal,

District: Rajkot, Gujarat-360311 for their own consumption for making laminated

sheets and for sale purpose. Production details are given below;

(note **: It may be noted that M/s. Swastik Laminates is an existing industry which

nowadays manufacturing laminated sheets & proposed to manufacture P. F. Resin, M. F.

Resin & U. F. Resin within the project premises.)

Table 1.1: Details of Proposed Product

Sr. No.

Name of Product

Capacity per

Month

Chemical name of product

CAS Numb

er

End use of the products

1. Phenol Formaldehyde Resin

300 MT 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol

9033- 35-4

Used as a bonding agent in the production of insulation, plywood, and other building materials; Phenol Formaldehyde used in moulded products to make automotive parts, electrical components, and laminated surfaces.

2. Melamine Formaldehyde Resin

300 MT

1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine, polymer with formaldehyde

9003- 08-1

Melamine resins are used for the manufacture of kitchenware, laminates, overlay materials, particleboards, and floor tiles. It is also used to crosslink many industrial thermosetting coatings.

3. Urea Formaldehyde Resin

400 MT formaldehyde;

urea 9011- 05-6

Used as a raw material in adhesives and sealant chemicals, Used as an intermediate in manufacturing of agricultural chemicals (non-pesticide), it was commonly used for producing electrical appliances casing (e.g. desk lamps).

Note : Above said proposed products will be used in manufacturing of laminated sheets (2,00,000

Sheets/Month) in M/s. Swastik Laminates & also for sale purpose.





1.2 PURPOSE OF THE EIA REPORT

Industrial development in India has increased economic growth and improved living

standards of people. These growths are achieved through industrialization,

infrastructure development. The industrialization has played a major role in

development of the country. This industrialization has many other benefits. Although

the industrial development leads to rapid consumption of natural resources, fuel etc.

in day to day operational activity. These will deteriorate resources and increase

emissions of waste in terms of solid, liquid and gaseous. To control the pollutions

from industrial activity, government has framed regulations which are governed by

Ministry of Environment and Forest in India.

It may be noted that our principal product is Laminated Sheets and the

manufacturing of Laminated Sheets does not invite the requirement of obtaining

Environmental Clearance from the MoEF & CC, New Delhi. However, Intermediate

Products (Resins) namely Phenol Formaldehyde Resin, Melamine Formaldehyde

Resin and Urea Formaldehyde Resin (being synthetic organic chemicals) which are to

be manufactured falls under Category 5(f) as stated in Environment Impact

Assessment Notification Published on 14th September, 2006. Further, the location of

proposed project is outside the notified industrial estate and not fall in Small Scale

Industrial Unit criteria as per the Notification dated 25th June 2014. Hence, project

proponent has to obtain the Environmental Clearance from the Ministry of

Environment & Forests & Climate Change, New Delhi. Furthermore our entire project

i.e. Laminated Sheets manufacturing plant as well as Resin manufacturing plant are

going to be established within the same premises and will utilise common

utilities/facilities. It was due to this fact that an application was made to MoEF&CC,

New Delhi for obtaining the related Environmental Clearance including Laminated

Sheets as a part of the proposal.

As per requirements of the notification, an application was submitted to MoEF&CC

on 24-03-2017 along with Form-1, PFR and draft TOR. The proposal was considered

by the MoEF&CC, New Delhi in 23rd EAC meeting organized on 3rd May 2017. In the

EAC meeting, MoEF & CC committee members had granted to use Baseline data of

M/s. Multiply INC. Subsequently the Committee has issued the TOR wide letter No. J-

11011/207/2017-IA II (I) dated 30th May, 2017. Based on the TOR points issued by

MoEF, a Draft Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report has been prepared

covering all aspects of the TOR.

SEQUENCE OF EVENTS WITH DETAILS

Form-1/PFR Submission MoEF&CC 24th

March, 2017

TOR Presentation, MOEF&CC, New Delhi (23rd

EAC Meeting) 3rd

May 2017

TOR copy received 30th

May, 2017

Letter No. of TOR J-11011/207/2017-IA II (I)





The purpose of the preparation of Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) report is

not only to obtain Environment Clearance from Ministry of Environment & Forests &

Climate change, Govt. of India, New Delhi and State Pollution Control Board, but also

to understand the likely impacts and to take Environment Protection measures

during and after commissioning of the project along with the end of the life of the

project.

1.3 PROMOTERS AND THEIR BACK GROUND

Sr. No.

Name Address Age Education Experience

1

Pradeepbhai Suva

– Partner

(9725119980) C/o, D. K. Suva, Opp. Kerala

Public School, Vijli Road,

Upleta – 360490, Rajkot.

27 yrs M. Pharm

3 years in

laminated

sheets mfg.

2

Yogeshbhai Suva –

Partner

(9904545550)

25 yrs B. E.

Mechanical

2 years in

laminated

sheets mfg.

1.4 NEED OF THE PROJECT AND ITS IMPORTANCE TO THE COUNTRY

The cost of proposed Resin unit is approximately Rs. 1.25 Crore. Proposed unit will

manufacture synthetic organic resins namely Phenol Formaldehyde Resin, Melamine

Formaldehyde Resin and Urea Formaldehyde Resin with total production of 1000

MT/Month which will be utilized for captive consumption for making laminated

sheets as well as for sale purposes.

Phenolic resin is found in many of the industrial products. Phenolic laminates are

made by impregnating one or more layers of a base material such as

paper, fiberglass or cotton with phenolic resin and laminating the resin-saturated

base material under heat and pressure.

Melamine resin is a hard, thermosetting plastic material made from melamine and

formaldehyde by polymerization. It is then used to cross-link with alkyd, epoxy,

acrylic, and polyester resins, used in surface coatings. Melamine resin is often used

to saturate decorative paper that is laminated under heat and pressure and then

pasted onto particle board; the resulting panel is often called melamine and

commonly used in ready-to-assemble furniture and kitchen cabinets

Urea Formaldehyde is used in many manufacturing processes like decorative





laminates, textiles, paper, foundry sand molds, wrinkle resistant fabrics, cotton

blends, rayon due to its useful properties. It is also used to glue wood together. Urea

formaldehyde was commonly used when producing electrical appliances casing.

In India, good quality raw materials are available at cheap rates, enabling the

manufacturing at low cost. This increases the profit margin as compared to other

players in the world. To meet the current and future market demand, the project

proponent intends to start a new unit.

The proposed project will contribute revenue to the Central & State exchequer in the

form of GST for inter-state movement, corporate taxes etc. Indirect contribution to

the Central & State exchequer will be there due to Income by way of registration of

trucks, payment of road tax, income tax from individual as well as taxes from

associated units. Thus, the proposed project will help the Government by paying

different taxes from time to time, which is a part of revenue and thus, will help in

developing the area. Demand of the products in foreign market is also significant,

which will boost the export potential of the company as well as country. Export

oriented units plays vital role in development of economy as well as local physical

infrastructure for further boosting of industrial development with sustainable

approach as the industries need to maintain good environment & safety condition to

get better foreign market.

1.5 LOCATION OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT AND SITING CRITERIA

The proposed site is located at Survey No.: 203/15, B/h. Shaktiman Rotawetar, N.H.

Road, Village : Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District : Rajkot - 360311, Gujarat.

Fig.: 1.1 Location of the Project site

The project site is in proximity of Rajkot District of Gujarat State and Project proponent is

very well familiar with the surrounding environment & laminate sheet & resin production;

Node Latitude Longitude

A 22° 3’ 45.74” N 70° 46’ 28.85” E

B 22° 3’ 48.35” N 70° 46’ 28.53” E

C 22° 3’ 46.76” N 70° 46’ 24.04” E

D 22° 3’ 43.67” N 70° 46’ 25.43” E

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayon





Therefore, it becomes easy for the unit to set up the project on the above said location. The

proposed unit, apart from generating direct and indirect employment and various business

opportunities, it will bring an overall up-liftment of the area and will ultimately result in

complete socio-economic and infrastructure development. The other features are briefly

summarized hereunder:

Availability of adequate land of 9942 M2.

Availability of all basic facilities like infrastructure, communication, transportation,

medical facilities, fuel, water, power, unskilled & skilled manpower, raw materials,

road network etc.

Proximity of market;

Nearest city Rajkot is 20.18 km away from the project site and very well connected

with other parts of the country by road & rail;

Proximity to availability of raw materials, consumer centers and infrastructure

facilities like power, water, communication

No R & R will be required;

No national park or wildlife Habitats falls within 10 km radial distance from project

site.

The location of project is best suited to start the proposed activities. So no alternative for

site is analyzed

The sitting criteria as per the guidelines are given in the following table;

Table 1.2: Sitting Criteria

Details Requirement Compliance

Forest No forest land shall be converted

into non-forest activity for the

sustenance of the industry (Ref:

Forest Conservation Act, 1980).

No forest land is involved in the

proposed project site

Agricultural land No prime agricultural land shall be

converted into industrial site.

Proposed project site is utilizing

for manufacturing laminated

sheets. NA permission is

procured for the proposed

project. It is attached as

Annexure – C.





Details Requirement Compliance

Layout Enough space should be provided

for storage area, plant area,

greenbelt area, Utilities, Raw

material storage, Fly ash, other

storage like solid wastes so that

these could be available for

possible reuse.

The total acquired land is 9942

m2. Enough space will be

provided according to the

requirement. This can be verified

from the Lay-out given in

Chapter-2.

Major settlements

(3,00,000

population):

At the time of siting of the industry, if the notified limit of any major settlement is found to be within 50 km from the project boundary, the spatial direction of growth of the settlement for at least a decade must be assessed.

Nearest Major habitation is

Rajkot which is about 20.18 km

far from the project site in N

direction

Ecologically /

Sensitive zones

Preferably 5 km depending on the

geo-climatic conditions the

requisite distance may be decided

appropriately by the

Environmental agency.

No any Ecologically / Sensitive

zone is observed within 10 km

radius of the project site.

Transport/

Communication

System

Preferably 0.5 km. away from

highway and railway line.

National Highway 27 is at 0.87

km distance from the project

site in E direction.

State highway 233 is at 4.84 km

distance from the project site in

ENE direction.

Ribda railway station is 7.46 km

in NNE direction from the

project site.

Ardoi Bus stop is 4.83 km in ENE

direction from the project site.

Coastal areas Preferably ½ km away from high tide line (HTL).

NA

Flood plain of the

river line system

Preferably ½ km away from flood

plain or modified flood plain

affected by dam in upstream or

flood control system.

Jasuki River is @ 3.25 Km in ESE

direction from the project site.





1.6 SCOPE OF EIA STUDY

The scope of the EIA study is based on the guideline provided by Ministry of Environment,

Forests & Climate Change (MoEF & CC), Government of India for structure of environmental

impact assessment document. The scope of the study broadly includes:

Field sampling of environmental attributes at various representative locations in the

study area to establish the baseline status.

Collect, compile & assess secondary data including socioeconomic data.

Identification, assessment and evaluation of the beneficial and adverse impacts on

surrounding environment due to proposed project activities considering the existing

baseline status along with compilation of other information.

Analysis of project proposal and data analysis.

Assessment of pollution potential due to proposed project.

Predict the incremental levels of pollutants in the study area due to the proposed

project.

Evaluate the predicted impacts on the various environmental attributes by using

scientifically developed and widely accepted models.

Identification and assessment of risks associated with the proposed project and their

appropriate management through proper Risk Assessment (RA) and Disaster

Management Plan (DMP).

Prepare an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) to mitigate the predicted

impacts.

Identify critical environmental attributes required to be monitored during the

project execution and to suggest post project monitoring.

As per the guidelines, the Generic structure of EIA is given in EIA notification dated 14th

September, 2006 and subsequent amendments are maintained. The scope of baseline

environment study based on MoEF / CPCB guidelines is tabulated below;





Table 1.3: Scope of the Study

Environmental

Attributes

No. of

Locations Observations

Meteorology 1 Hourly observations for Temperature, Relative

Humidity, Wind direction, wind speed & Rain fall

during 3 month study period using Automatic

Weather Station at project site.

AAQ 8 AAQ parameters PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO and VOC

have been monitored.

Water 15 Surface water samples were collected from

vachhapari nadi, vachhapari talav, jasuki nadi, very

talav, champawadi nadi, gondli nadi (upstream) &

gondli nadi (downstream). Ground water samples

were collected from 8 locations including project site.

Samples have been analyzed for Parameters as per IS:

10500.

Noise 8 Day and night noise levels was measured once at each

location

Soil 8 Soil samples were taken from all the location and

have been analyzed for pH, EC & other parameters

Ecology Flora-Fauna &

Ecosystem

Major flora was enumerated and the possibility

habitation for important species in the site. Fauna was

listed based on the secondary information.

Socio-economic

data

Demography &

Occupational

details

Secondary data for demography, Occupation, literacy

and amenities have been considered for villages fall in

the 10 km study area from the project site and the

data has been taken from Census 2011 & Census 2001

1.7 REGULATORY FRAME WORK

The proposed project is of synthetic organic manufacturing unit; hence the regulatory

framework related with the hazardous or toxic chemicals as well as regulatory provision of

risk, emergency & safety management are applicable to the proposed project. The

regulatory provision related with hazardous material handling, manufacturing, storage &

transportation are also applicable to the proposed project. The unit will have potential of

pollution and also attracts the provisions of EIA notifications 2006- SO 1533 (as amended).

Thus, the proposed project may be required to comply with many regulatory provisions.

The proponent shall follow the regulatory frame work as listed below and additional

applicable provision shall also be referred timely as cited as mandatory provision for





proposed project. In any case, proponent shall comply with the regulatory provision as

directed through particular regulatory provision. The major regulatory provisions applicable

to the existing & proposed project are tabulated as under.

Sr. Legal Instrument (Type, Ref., Year) Concern Authority or Bodies

1 Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution)

Act, 1981 amended 1987

CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC

2 Water (Prevention and Control of

Pollution) Act, 1974 amended 1988

CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC

3 Water (Prevention and Control of

Pollution) Rules, 1975

CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC

4 The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986,

amended 1991 & Environmental

(Protection) Rules, 1986 (Amendments in

1999, 2001,2002, 2002, 2002, 2003, 2004)

Ministry of Environment and Forests, &

Climate Change, CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC.

5 Hazardous Waste (Management and

Handling) Rules, 1989 amended 2000,

2003and 2008

MoEF & CC , CPCB, SPCB/UTPCC, DGFT, Port

Authority and Customs Authority

6 Manufacture Storage and Import of

Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989

amended 2000

Ministry of Environment & Forests &Climate

Change, Chief Controller of Imports and

Exports, CPCB, SPCB/UTPCC, Chief Inspector

of Factories, Chief Inspector of Dock Safety,

Chief Inspector of Mines, AERB, Chief

Controller of Explosives, District Collector or

District Emergency

Authority, CEES under DRDO

7 Chemical Accidents (Emergency Planning,

Preparedness and Response) Rules, 1996

CCG, SCG, DCG, LCG and MAH

Units

8 EIA Notification, 2006 as amended timely

(2009, 2011)

MoEF, SPCB/UTPCC

9 Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991

amended 1992 & Public Liability Insurance

Rules, 1991amended 1993

Ministry of Environment & Forests, District

Collector

10 Factories Act, 1948 Ministry of Labour, DGFASLI and Directorate

of Industrial Safety and Health/Factories

Inspectorate

11 The Explosive Act ,1884 Ministry of Commerce and Industry

(Department of Explosives)

12 Chemical Accident (Emergency Planning,

Preparedness and Response) Rules, 1996

Ministry of Environment & Forests &Climate

Change, Chief Controller of

Imports and Exports, CPCB, SPCB/UTPCC,





Chief Inspector of Factories, Chief Inspector

of Dock Safety, Chief Inspector of Mines,

AERB, Chief Controller of Explosives, District

Collector or District Emergency

Authority, CEES under DRDO.

13 Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control)

Rules, 2000 and its amendments

CPCB and SPCB/UTPCC

T. R. Associates was appointed by M/s. Swastik Laminates to carry out the Environmental

Impact Assessment study for their proposed Green Field project.


SWASTIK LAMINATES Survey No.: 203/15, village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat.

T. R. Associates, AHMEDABAD NABET ACCREDITED

Chapter - 2 : Project Description 2.1

CHAPTER - 2

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

22..11 PREAMBLE

MMM///sss... SSSWWWAAASSSTTTIIIKKK LLLAAAMMMIIINNNAAATTTEEESSS is a proposed unit which is located at Survey no. 203/15,

B/h. Shaktiman Rotawetar, N.H. Road, Village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District:

Rajkot, Gujarat-360311. Resin will be used for manufacturing laminated sheet and

sale purpose. Proposed production of resins will be to the tune of 1000 MT/Month

(Phenol Formaldehyde – 300 MT/M, Melamine Formaldehyde – 300 MT/M & Urea

Formaldehyde resin – 400 MT/M).

The proposed project is a unit which proposes to manufacture products covered

under Category 5(f) ‘A’ as per new EIA Notification of Ministry of Environment &

Forest & Climate Change (MoEF & CC) dated 14/09/2006 & their amendment.

22..22 SITE HISTORY

Earlier our project site was utilized for Agricultural purpose since so many years.

Mugfali was cultivated on this project site. NA was already obtained for this project

site. So the project site is totally non-agricultural. Land documents like Dastavej copy

with NA permission are attached as Annexure – C.

2.3 PROJECT LOCATION

Proposed project site is located at Survey no. 203/15, B/h. Shaktiman Rotawetar,

N.H. Road, Village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District: Rajkot, Gujarat-360311. GPS

coordinates of the site is situated at Latitude: 22° 3' 45.74" N and Longitude: 70° 46'

28.85" E. Nearest major city is Rajkot which is about 20.18 km far from the project

site in N direction. National Highway 27 is about 0.87 km from the project site in E

direction.

The index map is given in Figure 2.1. Google map showing surrounding area in 10

km, 5 km & 1 km radius from project site is given in Figure 2.2. Google image &

topomap showing proposed project site is given as Figure 2.3 A & Figure 2.3 B

respectively.





Figure 2.1: Index Map

India map Gujarat Map

Rajkot District map Google Image showing project site





Figure 2.2: Google Image showing surrounding 1,5,10 Km radius area from the Proposed

Project Site

Imagery date : 7/2/2017, Source : Google Earth

No. Location Distance (km)

Direction Co-ordinates

1 Nearest National Highway NH 27 0.87 E 22°3'47.81"N 70°46'59.20"E

2 Nearest Village – Bhunava 0.82 SW 22°3'24.39"N 70°46'7.62"E

3 Nearest River – Jasuki River 3.25 ESE 22°3'27.99"N 70°48'20.19"E

4 Nearest State Highway SH 233 4.84 ENE 22°5'17.83"N 70°48'43.93"E

5 Nearest Lake - Veri Lake 7.23 SSE 22°0'19.45"N 70°48'28.23"E

6 Nearest Railway Station – Ribda Village

7.46 NNE 22°7'33.16"N 70°48'5.13"E

7 Nearest Airport - Rajkot 27.33 N 22°18'31.13"N 70°46'43.84"E

8 Nearest Reserved Forest - Rampara

49.97 NE 22°28'30.62"N 70°58'21.04"E





Figure 2.3 A: Google Image showing Proposed Project Site

Point Latitude Longitude

A 22° 3’ 45.74” N 70° 46’ 28.85” E

B 22° 3’ 48.35” N 70° 46’ 28.53” E

C 22° 3’ 46.76” N 70° 46’ 24.04” E

D 22° 3’ 43.67” N 70° 46’ 25.43” E





Figure 2.3 B: TOPO Map showing Proposed Project Site

Source: Survey of India Topomap

Swastik

Laminates





2.3.1 Photographs of Proposed Project Site

First meeting of Associate EIA - Coordinator is done at the project site. Site visit

photograph is given below:

Latitude : 22° 3' 45.74" N

Longitude : 70° 46' 28.85" E

Visit date : 24-3-2017, Associate EIA Co-Ordinator – Hiral Shah

Fig. 1.1 Photograph of the project site & site visit of Team Member - Hiral Shah





2.3.2 Justification of Site Selection

Proposed unit is to be located at Bhunava Village, in Gondal Taluka and site

selection was guided by many factors like infrastructure, availability of land, water

sources, fuel, transportation, power availability etc. Specific site selection criteria

for the proposed project are given below;

The project site is highly developed with all basic infrastructure facilities such

as proximity to man power, electricity, water supply, transportation,

telecommunication systems etc. as well development of many different types

of industries in area.

Proposed project site is only 0.87 km away from National Highway 27 & 4.84

km away from State Highway 233 which is well connected to Ahmedabad and

rest of India. It is shown in Figure 2.4.

Figure: 2.4 – Google Image Showing N.H & S.H. Distance From The Project Site.

The project site is intended for the industrial purpose and thus no displacement of

population will take place.

This proximity facilitates the import of raw materials as well export of the finished

products.

There is no protected area notified under the Wild Life (Protection) Act (1972) &

Eco-sensitive area notified under Section 3 of the Environment (Protection) Act-

1986 exists within 10 Km radius areas from the project site.

Availability of trained and skilled manpower nearby because of the proximity to

various industrial areas and village & city. Nearby industries are shown here.

S.H. 233 –

4.84 Km ENE

N.H. 27 –

0.87 Km E





Table 2.0 : Nearby Industries within 10 km radius area

Sr. No. Name Of The Industry Manufacturing Activity

1 Shaktiman Rotameter

2 Kelvin Plastic PVC Pipes

3 Shree Ram Proteins Food oil refinery

4 Pan Agri Export Agricultural products

5 Everest Technoplast Iron Casting

6 Hi-Sein Industries --

7 Big Fly Hygiene Products --

8 Cosmos Technocast Casting

9 Synnova Gears & Transmission Gears

10 Sunrise Hygiene Flours Different type of flour

11 Ravi Technoforge CI Casting

12 Bhakti Plastics PVC items

13 Tirupati Forge Forging

14 Hilton Valves Valves

15 R. M. Engineering Engineering items

16 Global Refinery Oil refinery

17 Pentagon Forge & Machine Forging

18 Nikee Precision Casting

19 Fengal Crop Science Seeds

20 Jyoti Green Energy --

21 Fusin Pumps Pumps

22 Khedut Irrigation PVC

23 Balaji Plaster Of Paris Plaster of Paris

24 Bluestone Inorganics Inorganic chemicals

25 Yogi Industries Steel

26 Multiply INC. Laminate sheet

2.4 Salient features of the Proposed Project Site

Salient features in the surroundings area of the proposed site as well as infrastructure

availability with approximate aerial distance and direction are as given below:





Table 2.1: Salient Features of the Proposed Project Site

Sr.

No. Important Features Description

1 Location of Proposed Project Survey no. 203/15, B/h. Shaktiman Rotawetar, N.H.

Road, Village: Bhunava, Taluka: Gondal, District:

Rajkot, Gujarat-360311.

2 Residential address C/o, D. K. Suva, Opp. Kerala Public School, Vijli Road,

Upleta – 360490, Rajkot.

3 Partner details Mr. Pradeepbhai Suva (Partner)

Contact No. 9725119980

Mr. Yogeshbhai Suva (Partner)

Contact No. 9904545550

4 GPS Coordinates Node Latitude Longitude

A 22° 3’ 45.74” N 70° 46’ 28.85” E

B 22° 3’ 48.35” N 70° 46’ 28.53” E

C 22° 3’ 46.76” N 70° 46’ 24.04” E

D 22° 3’ 43.67” N 70° 46’ 25.43” E

5 MSL 174 m

6 Temperature range 9 C to 39 C

7 Annual Rain fall (30 yrs. Avg.) 627 mm

8 Nearest power station Paschim Gujarat Vij Company Limited (PGVCL)

9 Nearest Road NH 27 @ 0.87 Km in E

10 Nearest Railway station Ribda Railway Station @ 7.46 Km in NNE direction

11 Nearest Air Port Rajkot Airport @ 27.33 Km in N direction

12 Nearest Sea Port Mundra Port @ 138.37 Km in NW direction

13 Nearest Town Rajkot @ 20.18 Km in N direction

14 Nearest Village Bhunava @ 0.82 Km in SW direction

15 National Highway NH 27 @ 0.87 Km in E

16 State Highway SH 233 @ 4.84 Km in ENE

17 Nearest Surface water Body Jasuki Nadi @ 3.25 Km in ESE

18 Seismic Zone Zone-III Moderate Damage Risk Zone

19 National Parks / Sanctuary No any national park / sanctuary / reserve forest is

observed within 10 km radius area.





2.5 Distance of Critically polluted area & Reserve Forest from the Proposed Project Site

Google map showing distance of critically polluted areas i.e. Rafleshvar GIDC is shown

in Figure 2.5. Google Image showing Distance of Paneli Reserve Forest & Rampara

Reserve Forest from the Proposed Project Site is shown in Figure 2.6.

Figure 2.5: Google Image showing Distance of Critically Polluted Area from the Proposed

Project Site


Figure 2.6 : Google Image showing Distance of Reserved Forest from the Proposed Project

Site


Rafleshvar GIDC – 24.24

Km

N

N

Paneli R.F. – 85.17 Km NNE

Rampara R.F. – 49.97 Km NE

Swastik Laminates

Swastik

Laminates





2.6 PROPOSED PROJECT LAND & PLANT LAY-OUT

Proposed project land has been already procured in the month of July 2014. Total available

land area of premises is 9942 m2, out of which 3220 m2 (32.39 %) area will be developed for

greenbelt. 353 m2 area will be developed outside the industrial premises. So total 3573 m2

area will be developed as Green belt. Detailed break-up of land area is given in Table 2.2

and Plant Lay-out is shown in Figure 2.7.

Table 2.2: Area Break-up of Proposed Project Site

Sr. No. Units Area (m2) Area (%)

1 Built Up Area 4744 47.72 %

2 Green belt area 3220 32.39 %

3 Open area 983 9.89 %

4 Road area 995 10.00 %

Total 9942 100 %





Figure 2.7 : Plant Lay-out





2.7 CAPITAL COST OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT

Proposed resin manufacturing unit is a Small Scale Unit having total investment of

about Rs. 1.25 Crores. The break-up of the capital cost is given in Table 2.3.

Table 2.3: Cost Break-up of Proposed Project Site

Sr.

No. Particular Cost (INR in Lacs)

1 Land & site development 22.5

2 Building 21

3 Plant & Machineries 29

4 Environment Protection Measures 43

5 Miscellaneous 9.5

Total 125

Time duration for completion of work: Approximately 2-3 months after getting EC. 2.8 SIZE OR MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION

Looking to the market demand, unit proposes to manufacture various resins require for

manufacturing of laminated sheets. Manufacturing of laminated sheets does not

require obtaining environmental clearance but manufacturing of synthetic organic

resins require obtaining Environmental Clearance. These resins will be used for captive

consumption as well as for sale purposes. Resin will be sold in domestic market as well

as exported. The convenient transportation medium will be used for the transportation

of products. Details of proposed products are given below in Table 2.4.

Table 2.4: Details of Proposed Products

Sr. No.

Name of Product Batch Details Capacity per

Month Physical

Form Size (Kg) Nos.

1. Phenol Formaldehyde Resin 6000 50 300 MT Semi Solid

2. Melamine Formaldehyde Resin 3000 100 300 MT Semi Solid

3. Urea Formaldehyde Resin 8000 50 400 MT Semi Solid

Total Resin 1000 MT

4. Laminated Sheets -- -- 2,00,000 Sheets Solid





2.9 MANUFACTURING PROCESS

Manufacturing process including chemical reaction, mass balance and process flow diagram

is described below;

2.9.1 Phenol Formaldehyde Resin

a. Manufacturing Process

The manufacturing process is summarized below:

Take required quantity of Phenol, Formaldehyde (37%) and Caustic Soda in the

reaction vessel and start steam heating until the temperature reaches at 58 °C to

60 °C.

Temperature will increase up to 90 °C. Once the temperature reaches up to 90

°C then cut the steam supply. Reflux process will be start at this point to achieve

required water tolerance.

After achieving required water tolerance, start cooling to decrease temperature

up to 60 °C. Once the temperature reach at 60 °C stop cooling and start heating

for distillation process for required quantity of resin.

After achieving required amount of resins start cooling to obtain final product.

Final product will be checked for the properties like viscosity, pH, gel time etc.

b. Chemical Reaction

Phenol + Formaldehyde Phenol Formaldehyde resin

+ Caustic





D. Mass balance

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin (P. F. Resin) 300 MT/Month

Batch Size 6000 Kg

No. Of Reaction vessel 1 --

Working days per Month 25 days

No. of Batches per month 50 Nos.

Batch time 6 Hrs.

Batches per day 2 Nos.

Particular Kg/Batch Kg/Kg of Product

MT/Month MT/day

Input

Phenol 2766.2 0.438 138.31 5.53

Formaldehyde (37%) 3581.0 0.567 179.05 7.16

Caustic 32.0 0.005 1.6 0.064

Total 6379.2 1.01 318.96 12.75

Output

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin 6000.0 0.95 300 12

Water 379.2 0.06 18.96 0.75

Total 6379.2 1.01 318.96 12.75

Limped Reaction Vessel

Stirring and heating up to

60 C

Reflux for 30 Minutes

Vacuum Distillation

Cooling

Product: Phenol Formaldehyde Resin

Phenol Formaldehyde 37 % Caustic Flakes

Waste water water Water

c. Process Flow-Diagram





2.9.2 Melamine Formaldehyde Resin - The manufacturing process is summarized below:


First all the raw materials melamine & formaldehyde (37%) will be added in

Limped reaction vessel.

Stirring & heating will be done upto 95 C for 1 Hr.

Cooling down to 40 C.

Finally, check viscosity, tolerance, pH, turbidity etc. to obtain desired product

property.

Melamine Formaldehyde Resin will be ready for use in Laminate sheets as well

as sale purpose.






c. Process Flow Diagram

d. Mass Balance

Melamine Formaldehyde Resin (M. F. Resin) 300 MT/Month

Batch Size 3000 Kg

Nos. Of Reaction vessel 1 --



Batch time 3.0 Hrs.


Particular Kg/Batch

Kg/Kg of

Product MT/Month MT/day

Input

Melamine 1200 0.4 120 4.8

Formaldehyde (37%) 1800 0.6 180 7.2

Total 3000 1.0 300 12.0

Output

Melamine Formaldehyde Resin 3000 1.0 300 12.0

Total 3000 1.0 300 12.0


Stirring and Heating up to

95C for 1 hr

Cooling down to 40C

Finish Product: Melamine Formaldehyde Resin

Melamine Formaldehyde (37%)





2.9.3 Urea Formaldehyde Resin



The polymerization reaction of Urea Formaldehyde Resin takes places in two

stages. The first stage is an addition polymerization in which Urea &

Formaldehyde (37%) undergo addition reaction, which takes place in neutral or

slightly alkaline condition at pH 7.5 to 8.0 at elevated temperature 95 °C to

100°C.

Methyl Urea formed in the first stage are allowed to reach further by lowering

pH 4 to 6 using Acetic Acid where reaction takes place faster and leads to the

formation of long chain polymer.

The reaction is allowed to proceed further up to the desired viscosity and the

reaction is arrested midway by raising the pH of the resin solution to 7.5 to 8.0

using Caustic Soda and then the reaction is cooled down to the room

temperature and stored in sealed container.

Check viscosity, tolerance, pH, gel time of the required batch of the resin.






c. Process Flow Diagram

d. Mass Balance

Urea Formaldehyde Resin (U. F. Resin) 400 MT/Month

Batch Size 8000 Kg

Nos. Of Reaction vessel 1** --



Batch time 6 Hrs.


** P. F. Resin Vessel will be used for manufacturing U. F. resin

Stirring and Heating up to

95C for 50 Minutes

Cooling

Product: Urea Formaldehyde Resin


Urea Formaldehyde (37 %)

pH adjusted to 9

pH adjusted to 9 Caustic

Acetic Acid





Particular Kg/Batch Kg/Kg of


Input

Urea 3160.0 0.395 158.0 6.32

Formaldehyde (37%) 4760.0 0.595 238.0 9.52

Caustic Flakes 40.0 0.005 2.0 0.08

Acetic Acid 40.0 0.005 2.0 0.08

Total 8000.0 1.0 400.0 16.0

Output

Urea Formaldehyde Resin 8000.0 1.0 400.0 16.0

Total 8000.0 1.0 400.0 16.0

2.9.4 Laminated Sheets



Kraft paper will be impregnated with phenol or urea formaldehyde resin and

passed in the drier machine and stored separately.

Base paper and overlay tissue will be impregnated with melamine resin and

passed in the drier machine and stored in A/C room under controlled condition.

Overlay Tissue, base paper and Kraft will be taken in assembly section for making

laminate assembly.

These assemblies will be then put into individual daylights of multi daylight

Hydraulic Press with the help of loading and unloading machines.

The laminated sheet will be then trimmed by means of circular saw. Its backside

will be roughened by putting it in sanding machine. This sheet will be then taken

for inspection and gradation.

It will be then segregated, wrapped and packed for dispatch.





b. Process Flow Diagram

c. Mass Balance

Laminated Sheets 2,00,000 Nos./Month (900 MT/Month)


Particular

Kg/Kg of


Input

Kraft Paper 0.350 315.0 12.60

Design Paper 0.050 45.0 1.80

Resin 0.600 540.0 21.60

Methanol 0.110 99.0 3.96

Total 1.11 999.0 39.96

Output

Laminated Sheet 1.000 900.0 36.0

Edge Cutting Waste 0.001 0.9 0.036

Methanol Vapour 0.091 81.9 3.28

Drying Loss 0.018 16.2 0.65

Total 1.11 999.0 39.96

Kraft Paper, Phenol / Urea Formaldehyde Resin

Design Paper, Melamine Formaldehyde Resin

Edge Cutting Waste

KRAFT COATING

DESIGN COATING

DRYING

CUTTING

SANDING, GRADATION & PACKING

FINISHED PRODUCT: LAMINATED SHEETS

PRESSING

Methanol

Methanol scrubbing by water scrubber





2.10 RAW MATERIAL & PRODUCT DETAILS

For manufacturing of proposed products various raw materials will be required which are

listed below in Table 2.5. Mostly all raw materials are available in local market so will be

purchased from local market. The convenient transportation medium (Truck / Railway) will

be used for the transportation of raw materials.

Table 2.5: Details of Proposed Raw Materials

Sr. No.

Name of Raw Material

Requirement (MT) U

sed

in

Man

ufa

ctu

rin

g

of

Ph

ysic

al F

orm

Mo

de

of

Sto

rage

Cap

acit

y o

f

sto

rage

un

it

(MT)

No

. of

Un

its

Tota

l Sto

rage

Cap

acit

y (M

T)

Sto

rage

Inve

nto

ry

(Day

)

Per Month

Per Day

1 Phenol 138.31 5.53 P. F. Resin Liquid MS Tank (Vertical)

20 1 20 3.6

2 Formaldehyde (37%)

179.05 7.16 P. F. Resin

Liquid HDPE

(Vertical)

20 1 45 2.0 180 7.2 M. F. Resin

238 9.52 U. F. Resin 25 1

3 Caustic Flakes 3.6 0.144 P. F. Resin & U.

F. Resin Solid HDPE Bag 25 kg 72 1.8 12.5

4 Melamine 120 4.8 M. F. Resin Solid HDPE Bag 50 kg 600 30 6.25

5 Urea 158 6.32 U. F. Resin Solid HDPE Bag 50 kg 800 40 6.33

6 Acetic acid 2.0 0.08 U. F. Resin Liquid HDPE Barrels 220 lit. 5 1 12.5

7 Kraft Paper 315 12.60 Laminated

Sheets Solid Raw material Storage area, 2500 Ft

2

8 Design Paper 45 1.80 Laminated

Sheets Solid Raw material Storage area, 2200 Ft

2

9 Methanol 99 3.96 Laminated

Sheets Liquid

MS Tank (Vertical)

20 1 20 5.05

Details of Proposed Products

No. Description Physical

Form

Type of Packing /

Storage/ Mode of

storage

Transportation Capacity of

storage

1 Phenol Formaldehyde

Resin Semi solid

Stored in HDPE Barrels

(16 nos. x 220 lit.)

Captive consumption &

rest will be transported

by road, rail & ship

4 MT

2 Melamine Formaldehyde

Resin Semi solid

Stored in HDPE Barrels

(8 nos. x 220 lit.)




2 MT

3 Urea Formaldehyde

Resin Semi solid

Stored in 1 no. of MS

Tank




7 MT





2.11 SOLVENT REQUIREMENT & RECOVERY SYSTEM

In the manufacturing of Laminated sheets, methanol will be used as a solvent

which helps to let down the viscosity of resins so that resins can be applied

uniformly on the surface of the sheet.

During the drying process of laminated sheets this Methanol is likely to liberate

as a vapor, this methanol vapor will be collected by Hood attached with dryer.

Hence the exhaust of the dryer will be connected to the condenser, where cool

water will be circulated continuously to condense the Methanol vapor, thus

methanol will be 90 % recovered .

The recovered Methanol will be reused in the process / sold in domestic market.

Schematic diagram of Methanol recovery is shown in Figure 2.8.

Figure 2.8: Methanol recovery system

2.12 REQUIREMENT OF RESOURCES

Resources like power, water, fuel, manpower, plant & machineries, utilities etc. will

be required for the proposed project. Details of requirement of such resources for

proposed project are described in subsequent sections under respective headings.

Holding Tank Of Methanol

Dryer

Water outlet

Water inlet

Methanol Receiver

Condenser

DU

CT

LIN

E





2.12.1 Electricity / Power

200 KVA load is connected to the proposed industry, which will be procured from

Paschim Gujarat Vij Company Ltd. (PGVCL). Additionally proposed project will install

a D. G. Set of 150 KVA as stand-by to the main source and it will be utilized only &

only in case of non-availability of power from PGVCL.

2.12.2 Manpower

About 60 persons (Laminated sheets plant – 52 & Resin plant – 8), skilled & unskilled

will get employment for the operation and maintenance of the proposed project in

efficient way. Out of 60 persons, 5 will be female employees. Preference will be

given to the local people from nearby villages according to the skill as well

requirement. During construction also, there will be requirement of workers.

However, the same will be of contractor’s persons and utilized according to the

requirements and type of construction activities. Details of proposed manpower are

given in Table 2.6.

Table 2.6: Manpower Requirement

Sr.

No. Particular

Resident Local Total Persons

Male Female Male Female Male Female

1 Skilled Workers 37 1 5 1 42 2

2 Unskilled Workers 10 2 3 1 13 3

Total 50 10 60

Laminated sheets plant – 52 & Resin plant – 8

2.12.3 Water

For the proposed project, water will be required for domestic activities, greenbelt

development and utility operations. There will not be any requirement of water

during manufacturing process of laminated sheets as well as Resin. Total water

requirement will be 30.5 KL/day which will be fulfilled by own borewell / Open well.

There is no other source of water envisaged in nearby area.





Ref.: CENTRAL GROUND WATER AUTHORITY (Constituted under sub-section (3) of section 3 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986) Guidelines/Criteria for evaluation of proposals/requests for ground water abstraction (With effect from 16.11.2015)

As per Guidelines of Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA), the proposed project

site falls in safe – Non – notified area.

Unit will procure fresh water from their own borewell / open well. The proposed unit

had already done application to obtain NOC from CGWA for use or abstraction of

ground water.

2.12.4 Fuel

Fuel will be required for Boiler, Thermic Fluid Heater and D. G. Set (Stand-by). Coal /

Briquettes will be used in Boiler as well as in Thermic Fluid Heater and High Speed

Diesel (HSD) will be utilized for D. G. Set. Fuel will be purchased from the nearby

trader. Details of fuel requirement are given in Table 2.7.

Table 2.7: Fuel Requirement

Sr.

No. Particular Type of fuel Fuel Requirement

1 Steam Boiler (3 TPH) Coal / Briquettes

(Sulphur content

< 0.5 %)

6.6 MT/day 2 Thermic Fluid Heater (15 Lac Kcal/hr)

3 D. G. Set (150 KVA) HSD 28 Liter/hr.

2.13 Plant, Machineries & Utilities

List of plant machineries required for the proposed project is given in Table 2.8. The

actual requirements of utilities and machineries & equipment are not limited to the

list given below as some additional minor requirements can also be cited depending

up on necessity noticed during installation & operations.





Table 2.8: List of Plant, Machineries and Utilities

Sr.

No. Particular Quantity Size / Capacity

1 Steam Boiler 1 3 TPH

2 Thermic fluid heater 1 15 Lac Kcal/hr

3 Cooling Tower 2 350 TR & 150 TR

4 D. G. Set 1 150 KVA

5 P. F. Reaction vessel 1 10 MT

6 M. F. Reaction vessel 1 5 MT

7 Kraft paper dryer

Design paper dryer

1

1

4 zone

3 zone

8 Hydraulic Press 2 14 elight

2.14 ENERGY BALANCE

Major equipments to be utilized in proposed unit for thermal energy requirement

are Thermic Fluid Heater and Steam Boiler. Thus, energy balance of these both

equipments have been carried out and presented below in Table 2.9.

Table 2.9: Energy Balance

THERMIC FLUID HEATER

Particular Unit Thermic Fluid Heater

Installed Capacity Kcal/hr 1500000 Kcal/hr

Rated Fuel (Briquettes / Coal) Kg/day 3100

Gross Calorific Value per kg of Fuel Kcal 4000

Moisture content % 10

Efficiency on Gross Calorfic Value % 75

Energy Produced Kcal/day 9300000

Moisture content Kcal/day 930000

Losses through Flue gas 0.4% Kcal/day 37200

Net Energy output Kcal/day 8332800

Production TPD 76

Energy consumption per MT production Kcal/MT 109642

STEAM BOILER

Particular Unit Steam Boiler

Installed Capacity TPH 3

Rated Fuel (Briquettes / Coal) Kg/day 3500





Gross Calorific Value per kg of Fuel Kcal 4000

Moisture content % 10

Efficiency on Gross Calorfic Value % 75

Energy Produced Kcal/day 10500000

Moisture content less 25% Kcal/day 1050000

Losses through Flue gas 0.4% Kcal/day 42000

Net Energy output Kcal/day 9408000

Production TPD 76

Energy consumption per MT production Kcal/MT 123789

2.15 POLLUTION POTENTIAL AND MITIGATION MEASURES

There will be possibility of pollution from the proposed project due to domestic &

industrial wastewater generation & disposal; gaseous emission from process, flue

gas emission from utilities, fugitive emission, noise & vibration and hazardous waste

generation & disposal. The said probable pollutions are described below under

respective heading with necessary details and mitigation measures.

2.15.1 Water Pollution

Total fresh water requirement for the proposed project will be 30.5 KL/day which

will be fulfilled by own Borewell / Open well. For domestic activities 7.3 KL/day

(fresh water 6.1 KL/day + treated sewage 1.2 KL/day), for industrial activities 24.4

KL/day & for green belt development 5.5 KL/day (treated sewage 5.5 KL/day + fresh

water 0 KL/day) water will be required.

Domestic wastewater: Total 6.7 KL/day sewage (domestic wastewater) will be

generated which will be treated in sewage treatment plant.

Industrial wastewater: About 0.76 KL/day effluent will be generated from

manufacturing of phenol formaldehyde resin. However, there will not be any

requirement of water in manufacturing activities. About 0.2 KL/day wastewater will

be generated from floor washing. About 1.0 KL/day and 1.6 KL/day wastewater will

be generated from boiler and cooling tower respectively as blow down. About 8.6

KL/day R.O. Reject water will be generated from borewell RO-1 plant. Stream-wise

water requirement and wastewater generation is given in Table 2.10 and detailed

water balance is given in Figure 2.9.





Table 2.10: Stream-wise Water Requirement & Wastewater Generation

Sr. No.

Particular Stream Water

Requirement (KL/day)

Wastewater Generation

(KL/day)

1 Domestic activities Bore well water 6.1 6.7(1)

Treated sewage 1.2(1)

2 Greenbelt development Treated sewage 5.5 (1) Nil

3

Industrial activities (RO-1 Plant followed by RO-2)

Bore well water 24.4

11.2(3) Permeate from RO-2 6.0(4)

Condensate from evaporator

4.3(2)

Floor washing Bore well water 0.2 0.2(5)

Resin Process --- Nil 0.76(5)

Boiler Permeate of RO-1 9.6 1.0(3)

Cooling tower 1 Permeate of RO-1 16.3 1.6(3)

RO-2

Reject of RO-1, Boiler B.D., cooling tower B.D.

11.2(3) 6.16(4)

Treated effluent from ETP

0.96(5) 6.0

Total industrial Fresh Bore well water 24.4 12.16(3+5)

Total (domestic + industrial + Greenbelt development)

Fresh Bore well water 30.5 18.86

Note: (1):

6.7 KL/day sewage will be generated which will be treated in sewage treatment plant and treated sewage will be reused for greenbelt development (5.5 KL/day) & for domestic flushing (1.2 KL/day).

(2): (3): (4): (5):

4.3 KL/day condensate water from Evaporator will be reused in RO-1. 11.2 KL/day waste water generated from boiler blowdown (1.0 KL/day), cooling tower blow down (1.6 KL/day) & reject of RO-1 (8.6 KL/day); this will be further treated in RO-2. Permeate of RO-2 (6.0 KL/day) will be reused in RO-1 & reject of RO-2 (6.16 KL/day) will be taken to evaporator. 0.76 KL/day effluent will be generated from Resin process & 0.2 KL/day washing effluent will be sent to ETP. Treated effluent (0.96 KL/day) will be mixed with mixed effluent (11.2 KL/day) & sent to RO-2.





Figure 2.9: Water Balance Diagram

Process

RO-2

Evaporator followed

by condenser

30.5

Bore Well/Open Well

6.1

Domestic 7.3

6.7

Nil

Gardening

5.5

24.4

Industrial

24.2

0.2 Nil

34.5

1.6

25.9

0.2 0.76

ETP

24.4 Sewage

Treatment Plant

6.7

RO-1

Pe

rme

ate

Reject

8.6

0.96

12.16 Permeate

Condensate from Evaporator 4.3

6.0

6.16

10.3

Washing

Reject

Cooling Tower

Boiler

16.3 9.6

1.0

Note:

All Values are in kl/day.

Wate

r

Wastewat

er

Recycle

d

1.2 5.5

11.2

Note : All details are for existing laminated sheet plant & Resin plant after getting EC





2.15.1.1 Domestic wastewater (Sewage) Treatment and Disposal

Total 6.7 KL/day sewage will be generated from the domestic activities of the

proposed project which will be treated in sewage treatment plant.

Table 2.11 : Quality of Untreated and Treated Sewage

Sr. No.

Parameter Unit Untreated

Sewage Treated Sewage

GPCB Norms

1 pH ---- 6.5 – 8 6.5 – 7.5 6.5 – 8.5

2 Chemical Oxygen Demand mg/l 350 – 400 < 50 < 50

3 Biochemical Oxygen Demand mg/l 300 – 350 < 10 < 10

4 Total Suspended Solids mg/l 200 – 300 < 10 < 20

5 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 1000 – 1200 1000 – 1200 --

6 Residual Chlorine mg/l -- 0.8 – 1.0 Min 0.5

Figure 2.10: Schematic Diagram of Sewage Treatment Plant

2.15.1.2 Industrial wastewater Treatment and Disposal

About 0.96 KL/day industrial wastewater will be generated from process (0.76

KL/day) and floor washing (0.2 KL/day), which will be collected in collection tank

& given chemical oxidation treatment. After then it will be sent to Nutch filter /

filter press for sludge separation. Filtrate will be taken to holding tank, in which

boiler blow down (1.0 KL/day), cooling purge (1.6 KL/day) & RO-1 Reject (8.6

KL/day) will be taken to RO-2. Permeate will be (6.0 KL/day) reused in RO-1 &

reject (6.16 KL/day) will be sent to Evaporator followed by condenser.

Collection cum

Equalization Tank with

Screen Chamber

Electro Coagulatio

n Tank

Tube Deck

Settling Tank

NaOCl Dosing Tank

Multi Media Filter followed by Activated

Carbon Filter

Treated Sewage

Tank

Sludge Drying Beds

Sludge to be used as manure

Treated sewage to be

reused for greenbelt

development & domestic

flushing





Details of Effluent Treatment Plant:

Wastewater will be generated from process, Boiler & cooling tower blow-

down, Washing & R.O. reject.

Washing water & Process effluent will be collected in collection cum

neutralization tank.

Then wastewater will be given chemical oxidation treatment (H2O2).

After completion of chemical oxidation treatment (H2O2), wastewater will

be taken to Filter Press for chemical sludge separation.

Dried sludge will be stored in bags and ultimately disposed of at TSDF site.

Chemically treated water, Boiler blow down, cooling tower blow down &

R.O. reject will be collected in Intermediate water collection tank and then

it will be evaporated in Thermic Fluid Heater based evaporation system

followed by condenser.

Bottom sludge from evaporator will be handled with ETP sludge.

Condensate water from condenser will be reused in RO-1.

Thus, unit will maintain Zero Effluent Discharge.

Details of Effluent Treatment Plant Units:

Name of the units Volume (m3

) No. of Unit

Collection cum Neutralization Tank 1.0 2

Chemical oxidation Treatment Tank 1.0 1

Filter press 0.1 m3/hr. 1

Holding Tank 15.0 2

RO 2 Plant 1.5 m3/hr. 1

TFH based Evaporator followed by Condenser 1.0 m3/hr. 1

Technical details of Thermic Fluid Based Evaporator:

Particulars Volume (Liters)

Capacity 1000 Liters/hr (1.0 m3/hr)

Quantity of Effluent to be evaporated 6160 Liters/day

Working hours per day 6-7 hrs

Energy requirement 475335.13 Kcal./Hr.

Schematic flow diagram of ETP is given in Figure 2.11 and Stream-wise effluent quality is

given in Table 2.12.





Figure 2.11 : Schematic Flow Diagram of Effluent Treatment Plant

Table 2.12: Stream-wise Quality of Effluent

Particular Unit Process Floor

Washing

Composite Effluent - 1 (Before

Treatment)

After Chemical oxidation

Treatment & Sludge Removal

(Composite 1 Treated)

Quantity KL/day 0.76 0.2 0.96 0.96

pH -- 3.0-5.0 6.0-7.0 4.0-7.0 6.0-7.0

Total Suspended Solids mg/l 100-200 200-300 200-300 40-50

Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 6000-8000 400-500 4500-6500 1300-2000

Chemical Oxygen Demand mg/l 15000-20000 100-150 11500-16000 300-500

Particular Unit Cooling Tower Boiler

blow down Boiler blow down

RO-1 Reject

Composite Effluent – 2

Quantity KL/day 1.6 1.0 8.6 11.2

pH -- 6.5-7.5 6.5-7.5 6.5-7.5 6.0-7.0

TSS mg/l 70-80 70-80 20-30 45-50

TDS mg/l 2000-2500 2000-2500 2000-2500 2000-2500

COD mg/l 40-50 40-50 30-40 32-42

Particular Unit

After Chemical oxidation

Treatment & Sludge Removal

(Composite 1 Treated)

Composite Effluent – 2

Composite Effluent – 3 (composite

effluent 1 + composite effluent

2)

RO – 2 Reject water

After treatment (Condensate)

Quantity KL/day 0.96 11.2 12.16 6.16 4.3

pH -- 6.0-7.0 6.0-7.0 6.0-7.0 6.0-7.0 6.0-7.0

TSS mg/l 40-50 45-50 40-50 25-30 <20

TDS mg/l 1300-2000 2000-2500 2000-2500 3500-4500 <100

COD mg/l 300-500 32-42 50-400 <100 <100





2.15.2 Air Pollution

In this proposed unit, flue gas emission will be the main source of air pollution. There will

not be any type of process gas emissions during the manufacturing of resins. However,

there will be liberation of methanol vapors from the drying process during manufacturing of

Laminate Sheet. There will be chances of fugitive emission due to raw material handling and

transportation and manufacturing activity. Various potential of air pollution are described

below under respective heading.

2.15.2.1 Flue Gas Emission

In the proposed project, flue gas emission will take place from common stack attached to

Steam Boiler (3 TPH) and Thermic Fluid Heater (15 Lac Kcal/hr) in which Coal / Briquettes

will be utilized as fuel. There will also a provision of D. G. Set (150 KVA) as a stand-by source

to the main power supply. High Speed Diesel (HSD) will be used as fuel in D. G. Set. Unit will

provide cyclone separator followed by bag filter to the Steam Boiler and Thermic Fluid

Heater as an Air Pollution Control Measures to control the emission of particulate matter in

the flue gas. Adequate stack height will be provided for the proper dispersion of pollutants

into atmosphere. The details of flue gas stack & technical specifications of Air Pollution

Control Measures are given hereunder in Table 2.13 & Table 2.14.

Table 2.13: Details of Flue Gas Emissions

Sr. No.

Stack attached to Stack

Height (m)

Fuel Requirement APC

System Expected Pollutant

1

Steam Boiler (3 TPH)

30 Coal / Briquettes

6.6 MT/day

Cyclone separator

followed by Bag Filter

and adequate stack height

SPM 150 mg/Nm3

SO2 100 ppm

NOX 50 ppm

Thermic Fluid Heater (15 Lac Kcal/hr)

2 D.G. set (150 KVA)

6.0 HSD

28 L/Hr. Adequate stack

height

Table 2.14: Details of Air Pollution Control System

Type of Source Steam Boiler & Thermic Fluid Heater

Capacity 3 TPH & 15 Lac Kilo Cal./Hr.

Fuel used Coal / Briquettes

Cyclone separator

Temperature at Inlet 180 oC

Gas flow rate 8.5 m3/s

Input SO2 load 0.61 gm/sec





Input NO2 load 3.02 gm/sec

Input Dust Load 1744.6 mg/m3

Efficiency 60 %

Output dust load 698 mg/m3

Pressure Drop 110 mm WC

No/Size of Cylinder 1 no.

No. of Ash Discharge Cone 1 no.

Ash Discharge Air Lock Rotary Valve

Bag Filter

Temperature at Inlet 165 oC

Specific Gravity of Dust 1.29

Input Dust Load 698 mg / m3

Efficiency 92 %

Output dust load 56 mg / m3

Pressure Drop 110 mm WC

Type of Cleaning Mechanism Solenoid Operated Pulsing Valve

Ash Discharge Air Lock Rotary Valve

Air to Cloth ratio 1.02 m3/min/m2

Type of Bags Woven Needle Felt

Filter Fabrics Imported Woven Fiber Glass Water Repellent

2.15.2.2 Process Gas Emission

There will not be any type of process gas emissions during the manufacturing of resins.

However, there will be liberation of methanol vapors from the drying process during

manufacturing of Laminate Sheet.

Odour control action plan:

In production area odour will be due to methanol vapors. Unit will provide condenser at the exhaust of dryer. Details of methanol recovery system have been given under earlier Section 2.8 of this chapter. Details of process gas stack & Air Pollution Control Measures are given hereunder in Table 2.15.

To control this odour, unit will provide hood over the affected area and common ducting will be taken to activated carbon filter.

Table 2.15: Details of Process Gas Emissions

Sr.

No. Stack attached to

Stack Height

(m) Expected Pollutant

APC

System

1 Dryer 11 Methanol Condenser

2.15.2.3 Fugitive Emission

Due to raw material handling and transportation and manufacturing activity, there will be chances of fugitive emissions. However, unit will take all the necessary precautions and





control measures to take care of the fugitive emissions due to the proposed project:

All the raw materials will be stored in isolated storage area and containers will be kept tightly closed.

Entire manufacturing activity will be carried out in closed reactors / vessels and regular checking and maintenance of the same will be carried out to avoid any leakages.

Exhaust vent of the dryer for laminated sheet will be connected to condenser for Methanol recovery.

All the motors of pumps for the handling of hazardous chemicals will be flame proof and provided with suitable mechanical seal with stand-by arrangement.

The control of all parameters on a continuous basis will be done by adequate control valves, pressure release valves and safety valves etc.

All the flange joints of the pipe lines will be covered with flange guards.

The spillages / leakages of specific chemical will be collected and use or it will be drained to effluent treatment plant.

Precautionary measures will be taken while handling various hazardous chemicals.

There will also provision of adequate ventilation system in process plant and hazardous chemical storage area.

A regular preventive maintenance will be planned to replace or rectify all gaskets, joints etc.

TREM card will be provided to the driver during the transportation of Hazardous raw materials/products.

Sufficient information and training regarding characteristics and immediate actions in case of any spillage or accident during transportation of hazardous chemical will be provided to the driver

The unit will also develop green belt area within the factory premises to control the fugitive emissions from spreading into surrounding environment.

Unit will install portable detection system for hazardous chemical like Methanol, Phenol, Formaldehyde in process area.

Moreover, Unit will carry out regular work place monitoring.

2.15.3 Solid / Hazardous Waste

The main source of hazardous waste generation from manufacturing process will be edge

cutting waste from sheets containing resin to be generated during cutting of laminated

sheets. The other hazardous wastes shall be discarded bags, used oil and ETP sludge and

evaporation residue & Spent carbon. The details of hazardous waste generation and

handling / Management are given in Table 2.16. Unit will provide storage area for hazardous

wastes having roof, pucca flooring with leachate collection system. Leachate, if any will be





collected and treated in effluent treatment plant. Unit will take membership of TSDF site as

well as common incineration facility after commencement of proposed project.

Table 2.16: Details of Hazardous waste Management

Sr. No.

Description Category Quantity (MT/ Month)

Mode of Disposal

1 ETP Sludge + Evaporation

residue 35.3 3.5

Collection, storage and Disposal at TSDF Site

2 Used Oil 5.1 0.004 Collection, storage and used within

premises as a lubricant / sold to registered recycler.

3 Discarded

Plastic bags / Barrels

33.1 0.5 Collection, storage & sell to authorized

vendor

4 Edge Cutting

Waste 23.1 0.8

Collection, storage & disposal at common Incineration facility

5 Spent carbon 36.2 11 Collection, storage, transportation &

disposal at common Incineration facility/ sell to authorized vendor

Fly Ash Management:

Proposed fuel for Boiler & Thermic Fluid Heater: Coal / Briquettes

Fuel requirement: 6.6 MT/Day

Fly ash generation has been calculated considering maximum ash generation scenario

considering use of Briquettes.

Ash content in Briquettes : 10-15 %

Total Ash generation = 0.15 x 6.6 MT/day

= 0.99 MT/day

Considering 50% Ash to be collected from bottom,

Bottom Ash = 0.5 x 0.99 MT/day

= 0.495 MT/day [A]

Considering 50 % Ash to be carried away with flue gas as fly ash which will be further

trapped in bag filter (Efficiency: 92 %)

Fly ash trapped in Air

pollution control units

= 0.92 x {0.4 x (0.5 x 0.99)}

= 0.182 MT/day [B]

Total Maximum Ash to be

generated using Briquettes

= 0.677 MT/day [A + B]

Approximately 0.7 MT/day





If coal will be used, 1.7 MT/day fly ash will be generated as in Indian coal 30-40 % ash will

be generated.

Total Ash to be generated will be stored into silo with proper care and sold to bricks

manufacturer.

2.15.4 Noise & Vibration

Noise – unwanted sound.

Noise may be generated due to the operation of machineries & D.G. set after the

proposed project. However, D. G. Set will be kept as standby and no other source of

noise and vibration from the proposed manufacturing activity except Plant

machineries. However, unit will take following adequate precautionary measure for

noise and vibration control;

Latest technology based low noise D.G. set with acoustic enclosures will be

installed.

The noise generation will be mitigated by installing noise barriers/absorbers

around stationery noise sources. Adequate noise control measures such as ant

vibration pad for equipment with high vibration will be provided.

All the vibrating parts will be checked periodically and serviced to reduce the

noise generation. The equipment, which generates excessive noise, will be

provided with enclosures etc.

Proper and timely oiling, lubrication and preventive maintenance will be

carried out for the machineries and equipment to reduce noise generation.

Ear muffs/ earplugs will be provided to the workers working under high noise

area to minimize the adverse effect on the health.

To reduce the noise generation during the transportation activities; the

transport contractor will be instructed kept vehicle periodically serviced and

maintain as per the requirement of latest trend in automobile industry. Only

those vehicles with PUC’s will be allowed for the transportation.

The transport contractor will be informed to avoid unnecessary speeding of

vehicles inside the premises.

Noise monitoring will be done regularly at prominent places in the plant.

Proposed greenbelt area will help to prevent the noise pollution outside the

premises.



T. R. Associates, Ahmedabad NABET ACCREDITED

Chapter – 3 : Description of Environment 3.1

CHAPTER - 3

DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

EIA METHODOLOGY FOR DATA COLLECTION

An effective methodology is important for baseline data collection and impact prediction to

develop an efficient environment management plan. In this regard, it is important to

understand the ground realities of the site and surrounding by the experts involved in

preparation of EIA. Accordingly, a team of expert visited the proposed site to understand the

site surrounding and possible impacts from the activities of the proposed project. The EIA

coordinator in consultation with the respective functional area experts selected the sampling

locations as per the TORs prescribed by the EAC.

As per TOR, the Base line data of M/s. Multiply INC. is used for this proposed project. And

additional one month base line monitoring of May – June 2017 was undertaken by T. R.

Associates Laboratory. The collected data were analysed and interpreted.

3.1 AIR ENVIRONMENT

Dispersion of different air pollutants released into the atmosphere have significant

impacts on the neighborhood air environment of an industrial project and forms an

important part of impact assessment studies. The ambient air quality status with

respect to the study zone of 10 km radial distance from the plant site will form the base

line information over which the predicted impacts due to the proposed plant can be

super imposed to find out the net (Final) impacts on air environment. From the final

impacts a viable Environmental Management Plan (EMP) can be prepared based on the

impact statement for the air environment. The baseline status of the ambient air quality

can be assessed thorough scientifically designed ambient air quality monitoring network.

The design of monitoring network in the air quality surveillance program has to be based

on the following considerations.

Meteorological conditions on synoptic scale.

Topography of the study area.

Representation of regional background levels.

Representation of plant site.

Representation of cross sectional distribution in the downward direction.

Influence of the existing sources if any, are to be kept at minimum.





Inclusion of major distinct villages to collect the baseline status.

3.1.1 Micrometeorological Data

Micro-meteorological data within the project area during the air quality survey period is

an indispensable part of air pollution study. The meteorological data recorded during

survey period is very useful for proper interpretation of the baseline information as well

as serves as an input, to predictive models for air quality impacts.

To understand meteorological scenario primary generated and secondary data collected.

This data is used in the interpretation of wind scenario. The data collected from the both

sources are summarized as follows:

Table 3.1.1 Meteorological Data Collection Period

Meteorological data

Primary data (October 2016 to December 2016 & May-June 2017):

Parameters like Wind speed and its direction, Temperature, Humidity

and Precipitation collected for project site using Automatic Weather

Station at >10 m height.

Secondary data (Entire Year): Secondary data has been collected

from the nearest IMD source (Rajkot) for Temperature, Humidity,

Rainfall, Wind Speed.

3.1.1.1 Meteorological Data from Secondary Sources

The climate of the Morbi district is characterised by hot summer and general dryness

except during the southwest monsoon seasons. The year can be divided into four

seasons. The period from March to May is the hot season (summer) followed by

southwest monsoon from June to September. October and November constitute the

post-monsoon or retreating monsoon season. The cold season (winter) starts from

December and ends in February.

The mean maximum temperature ranges between 28.4ºC during January to 40.5ºC

during May and the mean minimum temperatures vary between 12.8ºC during January

and 26.5ºC during June. The relative humidity varies between 21 % (March/April) and 89

% (August). The mean wind speed varies from 7.2 kmph (November) and 20.8 kmph

(May). Long-term average annual rainfall recorded by IMD station at Rajkot is 676.1 mm.

Most of the rainfall (about 642.2 mm) is received from south-west monsoon between





June to September. Climatological data of nearest IMD station i.e. Rajkot is given in the

Table 3.1.2.

Table 3.1.2: Monthly Mean values of Meteorological Data (Secondary Data)

Month Air Temperature

(°C)

Humidity

(%)

Mean Wind

Speed

(Kmph)

Rainfall

(mm)

Max. Min. Max. Min.

January 28.4 12.8 58 27 8.8 0.8

February 30.9 15 62 24 10.1 0.3

March 35.5 19.2 68 21 12.7 0.1

April 39.1 22.6 71 21 16.5 1.4

May 40.5 25.4 75 30 20.8 5.4

June 37.8 26.5 79 51 20.3 108.4

July 33 25.4 87 70 19 253.4

August 31.6 24.4 89 71 16.7 165.3

September 33.6 23.8 86 58 13.5 115.1

October 35.9 22.4 71 32 9 19.3

November 33.2 18.4 54 29 7.2 6.3

December 29.9 14.4 56 29 7.9 0.3

Annual Mean 34.1 20.9 71 38 13.5 676.1

Source: As per Climatological Table – IMD, Rajkot Station (1981-2010)

The wind rose diagram obtained from meteoblue organization for the entire year based

on 30 years of hourly historical weather data for Rajkot location is presented in Figure

3.1.1.





Fig. 3.1.1 Wind Rose Diagram of Entire Year (Secondary Source)

Source: https://www.meteoblue.com/en/weather/forecast/modelclimate/morvi_india_1262775





3.1.1.2 Meteorology – Data generated at plant site (Primary data October 2016 to December

2016 & 15th May – 15th June 2017)

Meteorology of the study zones plays an important role in the study of air pollution.

Micrometeorological conditions at the proposed project site regulate the dispersion

and dilution of air pollutants in the atmosphere. For this purpose a weather station

was installed near the plant site for the period October 2016 to December 2016 and

recorded hourly observations for the parameters like Maximum and minimum

Temperatures (oC), Relative Humidity (%), Wind Speed (m/sec), Wind direction and

Rainfall (mm).

Meteorological conditions, of the site, regulates the transport and diffusion of air-

pollutants released into the atmosphere. Ambient temperature, wind speed and wind

direction are called primary or basic Meteorological Parameters because the

dispersion and diffusion of pollutants depend mainly on these Parameters. Humidity,

precipitation, pressure and visibility are secondary Meteorological Parameters as this

control the dispersion of the pollutants indirectly by affecting primary Parameters.

The hourly-recorded observations (wind velocity and wind directions) during above

stated study period are used in computing percentage frequencies and are depicted

in the form of ‘wind roses’ in Fig. 3.1.2 (A & B). Primary meteorological data are

shown in Annexure A.





Fig. 3.1.2 (A) Meteorological Wind Rose Diagram for October 2016 to December 2016

(Primary data)





Fig. 3.1.2 (B) Meteorological Wind Rose Diagram for 15th May 2017 to 15th June 2017 (Primary

data)





3.1.2 Selection of AAQ stations

A network of eight ambient air-sampling locations has been selected for assessment of

the existing status of air environment within the study zone. The sampling locations

were selected according to CPCB guidelines. The heights of the sampling locations were

kept between 3 to 6 m in all the locations. After reconnaissance of the area and

observing the topographical features and review of the available meteorological data

and local conditions the sampling sites were chosen which will be the representative of

the local areas under study.

Fig. 3.1.3 (A) Map showing Ambient Air Quality locations





3.1.3 Existing AAQ (Pre-project) status

Ambient levels of pollutants such as PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO and VOC are selected for

the sampling. The methodology of sampling and analysis in detail is given in the

following tables 3.1.4 & 3.1.5.

Table: 3.1.3 Ambient Air monitoring locations

Code Ambient Air

Location

UW/DW Location selection criteria

Distance in km Direction GPS Coordinates

A1 Project site -- -- -- -- 22° 3'43.50"N 70°46'31.47"E

A2 Bhunava UW Nearby village 0.94 KM SW 22° 3'21.78"N 70°46'4.77"E

A3 Nana mahika UW Down Wind 4.5 KM SW 22° 1'40.94"N 70°44'47.47"E

A4 Nagadka CW Down Wind 5.9 KM SSW 22° 0'34.71"N 70°45'41.01"E

A5 Hadamtala* DW Near Jasuki

Nadi 3.15 KM E

22° 3'36.03"N 70°48'19.39"E

A6 Bharudi CW Population

2.0 KM NNW 22° 4'41.66"N 70°45'55.58"E

A7 Ardoi* DW Higher

population 4.8 KM ENE

22° 5'0.44"N 70°48'59.37"E

A8 Shemla CW Near Veni

Talav 4.05 KM SE

22° 2'6.71"N 70°48'21.82"E





Figure: 3.1.4 Photograph showing Ambient Air Monitoring

Village Latitude Longitude Nagdka 22° 0'34.71"N 70°45'41.01"E

Table 3.1.4: Air – Parameters analyzed and sampling duration

Attribute Parameter Frequency of Monitoring

AAQ

PM10, PM2.5,

SO2, NO2, CO & VOC

at 8 locations

24 hrs. Sampling for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO & VOC - 2

days per week during the above stated study period.

Sampling height varies between 3-6 m above ground level.

Met. Data

Wind speed, wind

Direction,

Temperature, RH,

at one center

location

Primary data: Hourly data collected at site using AWS

Secondary data: Entire year data obtained from IMD source

(Rajkot) for Temperature, Humidity, Rainfall, Wind Speed.





Table 3.1.5 Ambient Air Quality - Methodology

Pollutant Method of analysis

Var

iab

les D

ust

PM10 Particulate Matter 10 IS 5182 (Part 23) : 2006 (RA 2012)

PM2.5 Respirable Suspended Particulate

Matter 2.5

STP No. TRA/STP/AA/02 Based on

manual instrument manufactures.

Gas

es

SO2 Sulfur dioxide IS 5182 (Part 2): 2001 (RA 2012)

NO2 Nitrous Oxides IS 5182 (Part 6): 2006 (RA 2012)

VOC Volatile Organic Carbon IS 5182 (Part 11): 2006

CO Carbon Monoxide NDIR spectroscopy

Various statistical method like standard deviation, geometric mean, minimum; maximum

concentrations have been used and different percentiles have been computed from the data

examined during sampling in all sampling stations.





Table no. 3.1.6 (A) Ambient Air monitoring results (from M/s. Multiply INC., Baseline Period :

October 2016 – December 2016)_

Pollutant

with

NAAQS

Particular

LOCATION

Project

Site Bhunava Nana Mahika Nagadka Hadamtala @ Bharudi Ardoi @ Shemla

PM 2.5

µg/m3

60 µg/m3

Min 22.68 23.03 23.41 22.50 24.60 23.90 24.70 24.49

Max. 35.13 35.04 35.71 34.89 34.11 35.59 34.23 34.95

Mean 30.18 29.14 28.62 29.57 29.84 29.38 29.86 29.39

98 % 35.10 35.0 35.7 34.7 34.0 35.4 34.2 34.7

PM 10

µg/m3

100 µg/m3

Min 61.30 62.25 61.30 60.81 66.92 64.31 63.73 62.35

Max. 90.61 92.50 96.50 94.30 92.20 93.60 94.70 96.20

Mean 79.20 76.28 75.55 78.31 79.60 78.88 80.56 78.68

98 % 90.6 92.5 96.5 93.3 91.9 92.5 93.7 93.6

SO2

µg/m3

80 µg/m3

Min 13.88 13.89 12.22 13.33 12.78 12.22 11.11 10.00

Max. 24.44 25.00 23.89 22.22 23.33 23.89 25.00 23.33

Mean 17.77 18.70 18.24 17.77 17.31 17.50 17.40 16.67

98 % 23.9 24.7 23.6 22.2 22.8 23.9 24.7 23.3

NO2

µg/m3

80 µg/m3

Min 17.54 16.55 14.87 19.81 15.45 16.79 17.37 15.91

Max. 28.17 28.81 28.58 28.93 28.34 28.58 29.04 30.55

Mean 23.79 22.77 23.68 23.82 23.88 24.51 24.93 24.63

98 % 28.2 28.4 28.6 28.9 28.3 28.2 29.0 30.6

Table no. 3.1.6 (B) Ambient Air monitoring results (extra 1 month additional, Base line period :

15th May 2017 – 15th June 2017)

Pollutant

with NAAQS Particular

LOCATION

Project

Site Bhunava Nana Mahika Nagadka Hadamtala @ Bharudi Ardoi @ Shemla

PM 2.5

µg/m3

60 µg/m3

Min 28.20 25.30 29.22 28.66 24.50 26.09 30.52 34.17

Max. 30.48 33.40 31.96 29.95 26.10 28.10 32.18 36.06

Mean 29.33 29.29 30.60 29.45 25.30 27.16 31.43 34.94

98 % 30.42 33.15 31.89 29.94 26.06 28.06 32.16 36.03

PM 10

µg/m3

100 µg/m3

Min 70.49 63.25 69.57 71.65 61.25 65.23 76.31 85.42

Max. 76.20 83.51 76.10 74.88 65.24 70.25 80.45 90.14

Mean 73.33 73.24 72.86 73.63 63.25 67.91 78.57 87.36

98 % 76.05 82.89 75.93 74.85 65.14 70.15 80.39 90.07

SO2

µg/m3

80 µg/m3

Min 12.46 16.01 12.41 11.21 9.62 10.25 14.58 15.48

Max. 16.65 19.80 16.04 14.89 12.63 13.10 17.58 18.14

Mean 14.70 17.89 14.00 12.97 11.07 11.94 15.94 17.01

98 % 16.50 19.79 16.02 14.80 12.60 13.08 17.56 18.12

NO2

µg/m3

80 µg/m3

Min 20.32 26.42 22.96 20.17 20.07 23.65 23.70 26.35

Max. 28.36 29.82 28.21 27.67 25.30 27.44 28.34 30.68

Mean 23.72 27.82 25.88 24.40 23.11 25.64 26.48 28.74

98 % 28.16 29.74 28.09 27.52 25.23 27.35 28.28 30.64





@ Downwind Direction

CO: Not Detected; VOC: Not Detected

3.1.4 Results and Discussion

A. Results & Discussion from M/s. Multiply INC., Baseline Period : October 2016 –

December 2016)_

The maximum concentrations are recorded at Nana Mahika village with PM10 of 96.5

g/m3, as the location is on the road side.

The maximum concentrations are recorded at Nana Mahika village with PM2.5 of 35.71

g/m3, as the location is on the road side.

The maximum concentrations of SO2 found at Bhunava & Ardoi village with 25.00 g/m3.

Similarly the maximum concentration of NO2 found at Shemla Village with 30.55 g/m3.

B. Results & Discussion for 1 month additional Baseline Period : 15th May 2017 – 15th June

2017)

The maximum concentrations are recorded at Shemla village with PM10 of 90.14 g/m3,

as the location is on the road side.

The maximum concentrations are recorded at Shemla village with PM2.5 of 36.06 g/m3,

as the location is on the road side.

The maximum concentrations of SO2 found at Bhunava village with 19.80 g/m3, as

there are much industries located around the Bhunava village.

Similarly the maximum concentration of NO2 found at Shemla Village with 30.68 g/m3.

All the above results are found well within the prescribed limits of National Ambient Air

Quality standards. CO and VOCs were found below detectable limits or not detected. All

the above results are found well within the prescribed limits of National Ambient Air

Quality standards.





3.2 NOISE ENVIRONMENT

Noise word come from the Latin word ‘nauseas’, it is a loud outcry or commotion that is

unpleasant, unexpected, or undesired with various frequencies over the audible range

due to the regular activities of the Mankind primarily Noise pollution (or environmental

noise) is displeasing human, animal or machine-created sound that disrupts the activity

or balance of humans or animals life. The source of most outdoor noise worldwide is

mainly evolved from Industries, constructions and transportation systems, including

motor vehicle noise, aircraft noise and rail noise, poor urban planning may give rise to

noise pollution.

Industrial Noise resulting to noise pollution has many reasons such as industries being

close to human habitats which prevent the noise from decaying before it reaches human

ear.

A determination is made of the micro scale impact by predicting anticipated noise levels

for each alternative during both construction and operational phases. Predicted noise

levels are compared with applicable standards or criteria in order to assess the impact.

The physical description of sound concerns its loudness as a function of frequency. Noise

in general sound which comprises of many frequency components with different

variations in loudness over the audible frequency range.

Various noise scales have been introduced to describe, a single number, the response of

an average human to a complex sound made up of various frequencies at different loud

levels, the response of the human ear to sound is dependent on the frequency of the

sound and this has led to the concept of weighting scales. In the "A-weighting" scale, the

sound pressure levels for the lower frequencies and higher frequencies are reduced by

certain amounts before they are being combined together to give one single sound

pressure level value. This value is designated as dB (A). The dB (A) is often used as it

reflects more accurately the frequency response of the human ear. A perceived loud

noise has a high dB or dB (A) value and a soft noise has a low one. The human ear has

peak response around 2,500 to 3,000 Hz and has a relatively low response at low

frequencies.





3.2.1 Existing Noise Levels

Pre-project noise levels have been monitored at different points within the study zone

and device manufactured by LUTRON SL 4033-SD was used for this purpose. Keeping in

view of various local activities such as residential and Industrial activities 8 noise level

measurement locations were identified and the sites are depicted in the Fig. 3.2.1 &

Table 3.2.1.

Figure: 3.2.1_Photograph showing Noise monitoring sample collection





Table 3.2.1: Noise Monitoring Locations

Codes Station Name

N1 Project site

N2 Bhunava

N3 Nana mahika

N4 Nagadka

N5 Hadamtala

N6 Bharudi

N7 Ardoi

N8 Shemla

Fig. 3.2.2 Map Showing Noise Sampling Locations





3.2.2 Data Analysis

Sound levels had been recorded according to IS: 9989:1991 (Reaffirmed 2001). The

recorded sound levels are given in Table.3.2.2 Out of all the 8 locations measured for

noise levels, the sound levels recorded at project site area is found to be 66.6 dB(A).

Recorded Noise levels are found to be within the standard limits.

Table 3.2.2 Hourly Noise data (Day and Night timings in Leq dB (A))-October 2016 – December

2016

Sr. No.

Test Parameters

Results

Day Hours

Location & Site Code

Project site

Bhunava Nana Maika

Nagadka Hadamtala Bharudi Ardoi Shemla

1 Spot Noise

Level in dB(A)

61.2 53.6 50.3 47.5 52.3 50.2 53.6 51.6 06:00 - 07:00

63.4 51.6 51.4 50.2 51.2 52.5 52.8 53.7 07:00 - 08:00

59.8 48.8 45.2 52.1 49.6 51.2 50.1 50.6 08:00 - 09:00

63.8 46.7 55.6 47.5 52.2 44.5 53.6 45.6 09:00 - 10:00

66.6 54.6 50.2 46.3 47.5 48.6 48.8 48.1 10:00 - 11:00

62.3 52.6 51.4 52.3 43.8 44.2 44.7 44.9 11:00 - 12:00

60.3 50.3 54.2 51.2 44.5 47.5 45.3 48.5 12:00 - 13:00

57.9 54.6 56.8 44.6 47.5 40.6 48.3 41.9 13:00 - 14:00

59.0 52.8 53.0 48.9 49.3 48.6 50.2 49.1 14:00 - 15:00

54.6 51.4 52.3 52.3 51.2 51.0 52.3 51.2 15:00 - 16:00

53.2 48.7 51.7 49.3 51.8 52.3 52.4 52.5 16:00 - 17:00

53.4 49.6 49.6 47.2 50.2 49.3 51.9 49.8 17:00 - 18:00

55.2 50.8 49.0 45.3 44.5 47.8 45.6 47.9 18:00 - 19:00

57.7 51.7 51.6 51.2 48.3 45.0 49.7 45.4 19:00 - 20:00

52.2 45.3 49.2 50.2 44.7 46.3 45.6 46.9 20:00 - 21:00

53.2 50.3 48.1 50.0 48.9 51.2 49.2 51.6 21:00 - 22:00

52.2 45.3 45.2 44.6 43.8 40.6 44.7 41.9 Minimum

66.6 54.6 56.8 52.3 52.3 52.5 53.6 53.7 Maximum

59.4 49.9 51.0 48.4 48.0 46.5 49.1 47.8 Day eq.

75 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 Day Limits

14.09.2016 14.09.2016 15.09.2016 15.09.2016 16.09.2016 16.09.2016 17.09.2016 17.09.2016 Sampling

date





Sr. No

Test Parameters

Result Night Hours

Location & Site

Code Project

site Bhunava

Nana Maika


1 Spot Noise Level in dB

66.2 42.5 40 42.3 39.8 36.8 45.6 37.4 22:00 - 23:00

62.9 41.2 40.8 40.2 42.6 40.1 42.6 42.3 23:00 - 24:00

54.6 37.5 34.9 35.5 35.6 42.3 36.7 44.1 24:00 - 01:00

52.4 36.5 34.9 38.9 36.2 38.5 39.5 39.7 01:00 - 02:00

63.7 41.9 33.8 39.5 34.7 36.2 34.9 37.9 02:00 - 03:00

64.2 37.6 34.2 34.5 35.6 35.2 35.8 39.6 03:00 - 04:00

59.2 38.2 37.5 36.5 38.9 40.1 39.5 41.8 04:00 - 05:00

63.7 42.5 41.0 37.0 42.3 41.5 38.7 42.9 05:00 - 06:00

52.4 36.5 33.8 34.5 34.7 35.2 34.9 37.4 Minimum

66.2 42.5 41.0 42.3 42.6 42.3 45.6 44.1 Maximum

59.3 39.5 37.4 38.4 38.6 38.7 40.2 40.7 Night eq.

70 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 Limits

1.00 1.26 1.36 1.26 1.24 1.20 1.22 1.17 D/n eq

14.09.2016 14.09.2016 15.09.2016 15.09.2016 16.09.2016 16.09.2016 17.09.2016 17.09.2016 Sampling

date

Project site Residential Residential Residential Residential Residential Residential Residential Area type

Table 3.2.2.A Hourly Noise data (Day and Night timings in Leq dB (A))-May – June 2017

Day time Monitoring

Sampling Location

Sampling Date Category Recorded level in dB(A) Limits Leq

(dB(A) ) Minimum Maximum Leq

Project Site 15.05.17 to 16.05.17 Industrial 53.5 71.9 63.6 75

Bhunava 16.05.17 to 17.05.17 Residential 55.1 64.7 61.3 55

Nana Maika 17.05.17 to 18.05.17 Residential 38.9 50.1 46.4 55

Nagadka 18.05.17 to 19.05.17 Residential 44.1 51.6 47.9 55

Hadamtala 19.05.17 to 20.05.17 Residential 42.9 54.8 51.9 55

Bharudi 20.05.17 to 21.05.17 Residential 58.8 69.7 63.0 55

Ardoi 21.05.17 to 22.05.17 Residential 40.3 53.2 49.1 55

Shemla 22.05.17 to 23.05.17 Residential 45.7 53.6 48.9 55

Night time Monitoring

Sampling Location

Sampling Date Category Recorded level in dB(A) Limits Leq

(dB(A) ) Minimum Maximum Leq

Project Site 15.05.17 to 16.05.17 Industrial 46.1 50.5 48.1 70

Bhunava 16.05.17 to 17.05.17 Residential 43.6 54.0 50.6 45

Nana Maika 17.05.17 to 18.05.17 Residential 35.2 38.0 36.9 45

Nagadka 18.05.17 to 19.05.17 Residential 36.2 42.5 39.2 45

Hadamtala 19.05.17 to 20.05.17 Residential 39.5 38.7 42.5 45

Bharudi 20.05.17 to 21.05.17 Residential 37.0 44.3 41.7 45

Ardoi 21.05.17 to 22.05.17 Residential 35.0 42.0 38.6 45

Shemla 22.05.17 to 23.05.17 Residential 38.6 40.2 39.5 45





3.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT

Studies on Water Environment aspects of ecosystem is important for Environmental

Impact Assessment to identify sensitive issues and take appropriate action by

maintaining ‘ecological homeostasis’ in the early stages of development of the project.

The objective of this report is to define the present environment in which the proposed

action is to occur, to evaluate all possible eventualities, to ensure that all negative

impacts are minimized, and to demonstrate that proposed project has been

appropriately announced to all interested parties so that their concerns can be

considered.

Water quality studies have been carried out in the study area to understand the

availability of water resources, possibility of water contamination and existing water

quality.

3.3.1 Water Quality

Water of high quality is essential to human life, and water of acceptable quality is

essential for Agricultural, industrial, domestic and commercial uses; in addition, most

recreation is water based;

Therefore, major activities having potential effects on surface water are certain to be of

appreciable Concern to the consumers.

3.3.1.1 Sample collection and analysis

The water resources in the study area may be classified into two major categories like

Surface and Ground water sources.

Water samples were collected at 15 locations, out of which 7 samples were selected

from surface Sources and 8 samples selected from ground water sources for physico-

chemical and biological parameters. Parameters like pH, Temperature and DO analysed

at the time of sampling. For other Parameter analysis the samples were preserved as

per the recommended techniques for various Elemental determinations as per `IS:

3025 (part I) 1987’. These parameters were analyzed as per the procedures specified in

‘Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater’ Published by American

Public Health Association (APHA) / IS 3025. Ground water & Surface water samples

results were compared with IS: 10500 specifications. Baseline data of October 2016 to





December 2016 is shown in Table 3.3.2 & 3.3.3. Ground water & Surface water

monitoring was also carried out in May 2017. The results are shown in Table 3.3.2.A &

3.3.3.A.

Figure 3.3.1 Photograph showing Ground water sample collection

Table: 3.3.1 Water Monitoring Locations

Codes Location Name Codes Location Name

GW1 Project site SW1 Vachhapar nadi

GW2 Bhunava SW2 Vachhapari talav

GW3 Nana mahika SW3 Jasuki nadi

GW4 Nagadka SW4 Veni talav

GW5 Hadamtala SW5 Champawadi nadi

GW6 Bharudi SW6 Gondli nadi – upstream

GW7 Ardoi SW7 Gondli nadi – downstream

GW8 Shemla





Fig. 3.3.2 (A) Map showing SURFACE Water Monitoring Locations





Fig. 3.3.2 (B) Map showing GROUND Water Monitoring Locations





Method of Water Sampling

The following procedures were used while sampling:

Washing the bottles/cans with distilled water prior to the sampling

Before collection of water the bottles/cans are again washed 2-3 times with the same

water

For surface water, Bottles were lowered to a minimum depth of 30 cm below water

surface.

At each point Different sets of water samples were collected so as cover all the parameters

Proper attention is taken in proper numbering at the site

Sterilized bottles were used for the samples that are to be analyzed for bacteria

Civil supply water pipeline taps are sterilized before collection for bacteriological analysis

Parameters like pH, conductivity and temperature were analyzed in the field conditions

and the results were reconfirmed after getting to the laboratory. DO is fixed and titrated in

the field itself.

Appropriate preservatives are added, depending upon the elements to be analyzed and

marked accordingly (IS: 3025 (part I) 1987)

All the water samples collected in the ice box, were immediately transported to the

laboratory and free zed at <5oC analysis

Field observations were noted in the field notebook

As far as possible photographs were taken in almost all sampling pointsSampling & analysis

of all the parameters are as per APHA, 22nd Edition & IS: 3025.

3.3.1.2 Data Analysis

The physicochemical and biological analysis of the collected ground water & surface

water sample results are given in Table 3.3.2, 3.3.2.A & 3.3.3 & 3.3.3.A.

(October – December 2016)

The pH of the ground water samples varying from 7.28 to 8.28 indicating neutral. Other

parameters are found to be well within prescribed limits.





(May – June 2017)

The pH of the ground water samples varying from 7.58 to 8.12 indicating neutral. Other

parameters are found to be well within prescribed limits.

Ground water is found as drinkable water and mostly all villages are using ground

water as drinking water source. They use pond water, if available, for other domestic

activities.





Table 3.3.2 Water Quality - Physico-chemical Analysis of Ground Water (October – December

2016)

Note: BDL = Below Detection Limit, D.L. = Detection Limit, NS = Not Specified :

Permissible Limit is applicable in the absence of Alternate source

Sr. No. Parameters Project site

GW1 Bhunava

GW2 Nana

Maika GW3 Nagadka

GW4 Hadamtala

GW5 Acceptable

limit Permissible

Limit

1 pH 7.56 7.51 8.2 7.60 7.28 6.5-8.5 --

2 Temp(°C) 28 29 28 28 29 -- --

3 Color(CU) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) 5 15

4 EC(µS) 2276 1270 1135 1165 640 -- --

5 Turbidity(NTU) 7.0 9.4 9.8 15.8 8.4 1 5

6 Ammonical

Nitrogen(mg/L) 14.0 17.2 8.8 18.8 11.2 -- --

7 TDS (mg/L) 1548 864 772 792 428 500 2000

8 TS (mg/L) 1588 868 780 804 532 -- --

9 TSS (mg/L) 28 26 20 30 22 -- --

10 Chloride (mg/L) 240 210 140 210 35 250 1000

11 Sulphate (mg/L) 24.2 48 43.2 44 11.2 200 400

12 Total Hardness

(mg/L) 700 320 310 250 200 200 600

13 Ca Hardness (mg/L) 340 120 120 130 100 -- --

14 Mg Hardness

(mg/L) 360 200 190 120 100 -- --

15 Calcium (mg/L) 280.6 128.2 124.2 100.2 80.2 75 200

16 Magnesium (mg/L) 87.5 48.6 46.2 29.2 24.6 30 100

17 Alkalinity (mg/L) 210 220 200 190 B.D.L(DL=5) 200 600

18 Boron(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) 0.5 1.0

19 Nitrate(mg/L) 3 3.5 2.5 3.2 B.D.L(DL=0.1) 45 --

20 Phosphate(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) -- --

21 Fluoride(mg/L) 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.3 0.6 1.0 1.5

22 Iron(mg/L) 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.5 B.D.L(DL=0.2) 0.3 --

23 Na 14 18 19 16.0 2.0 -- --

24 K 0 1 2 0.0 1.0 -- --

25 COD(mg/L) 44 32 52 32 72 -- --

26 BOD(mg/L) 18.7 10 16.3 10.4 24.3 -- --

27 Odour Unobj. Unobj. Unobj. Unobj. Unobj. Agr. Agr.

28 Nitrite (mg/L) 2.4 2.0 1.4 2.8 2.5 -- --

29 Total

Coliform(MPN) Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent

30 Fecal


31 Chloramines

(mg/L) 2.3 2.0 1.8 2.2 2.6 4.0 --

32 E.Coli(MPN) Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent

33 Carbonate(mg/L) 0 0 0 0 0 - -

34 Bicarbonate(mg/L) 210 220 200 190 0 - -





Note: BDL = Below Detection Limit, D.L. = Detection Limit, NS = Not Specified :

Permissible Limit is applicable in the absence of Alternate source

Sr. No. Parameters Bharudi

GW6 Ardoi GW7

Shemla GW8

Acceptable limit Permissible Limit

1 pH 7.69 7.68 8.28 6.5-8.5 --

2 Temp(°C) 29 29 28 -- --

3 Color(CU) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) 5 15

4 EC(µS) 2012 1270 1876 -- --

5 Turbidity(NTU) 10.8 10.2 9.5 1 5

6 Ammonical

Nitrogen(mg/L) 17.2 15.2 18.4 -- --

7 TDS (mg/L) 1368 864 1276 500 2000

8 TS (mg/L) 1380 876 1280 -- --

9 TSS (mg/L) 25 21 27 -- --

10 Chloride (mg/L) 499.8 375 525 250 1000

11 Sulphate (mg/L) 51 39.5 49.3 200 400

12 Total Hardness

(mg/L) 510 210 420 200 600

13 Ca Hardness (mg/L) 220 60 170 -- --

14 Mg Hardness (mg/L) 290 150 250 -- --

15 Calcium (mg/L) 204.4 84.2 168.3 75 200

16 Magnesium (mg/L) 70.8 36.4 60.7 30 100

17 Alkalinity (mg/L) 240 200 180 200 600

18 Boron(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) 0.5 1.0

19 Nitrate(mg/L) 3.7 3.75 3.5 45 --

20 Phosphate(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) -- --

21 Fluoride(mg/L) 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.0 1.5

22 Iron(mg/L) 1.4 1.4 1.5 0.3 --

23 Na 20 10 19 -- --

24 K 1 0 0 -- --

25 COD(mg/L) 48 44 44 -- --

26 BOD(mg/L) 15.6 54.5 14.3 -- --

27 Odour Unobj. Unobj. Unobj. Agr. Agr.

28 Nitrite(mg/L) 2.4 2.0 1.4 -- --

29 Total

Coliform(MPN) Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent

30 Fecal

Coliform(MPN) Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent

31 Chloramines(mg/L) 2.2 1.9 1.8 4.0 --

32 E.Coli(MPN) Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent

33 Carbonate(mg/L) 0 0 0 - -

34 Bicarbonate(mg/L) 240 200 180 - -





Table 3.3.2.A Water Quality - Physico-chemical Analysis of Ground Water (May-June 2017)

Sr. No.

Parameters Project site Bhunava Nana Maika Nagadka Acceptable

Limits Permissible

Limits 1.

pH 7.68 7.58 8.12 7.65 6.5-8.5 No

Relaxation 2. Temp(°C) 33.2 33.0 32.5 32.0 -- --

3. Color(cu) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) 5 15

4. EC(µS) 2179 1250 1029 1150 -- --

5. Turbidity(NTU) 6.3 8.2 7.2 8.6 1 5

6. Ammonical Nitrogen(mg/L)

13.2 16.0 8.4 16.2 -- --

7. TDS (mg/L) 1482 850 700 782 500 2000

8. TS (mg/L) 1511.0 878.0 718.0 814.0 -- --

9. TSS (mg/L) 29.0 28.0 18.0 32.0 -- --

10. Chloride as Cl (mg/L) 229.0 200.0 130.0 220.0 250 1000

11. Sulphate as SO4 (mg/L)

26.8 46.2 42.0 48.6 200 400

12. Total Hardness as CaCO3 (mg/L)

690.0 340.0 300.0 260.0 200 600

13. Ca Hardness (mg/L) 320.0 140.0 160.0 120.0 -- --

14. Mg Hardness (mg/L) 370.0 200.0 140.0 140.0 -- --

15. Calcium as Ca(mg/L) 128.3 56.1 64.1 48.1

75 200

16. Magnesium as Mg (mg/L)

91.8 49.6 34.7 34.7 30 100

17. Alkalinity as CaCO3 (mg/L)

220.0 210.0 190.0 200.0 200 600

18. Boron as B (mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) 0.5 1.0

19. Nitrate as NO3(mg/L) 3.2 3.0 2.5 2.7

45 No Relaxation

20. Ortho Phosphate as P(mg/L)

B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) -- --

21. Fluoride as F (mg/L) 1.4 1.36 1.52 1.32 1 1.5

22. Iron as Fe(mg/L) 1.0 1.4 1.1 1.2

0.3 No relaxation

23. Sodium as Na (mg/L) 18 20 22 14 -- --

24. Potassium as K(mg/L) 0 1 2 0 -- --

25. COD (mg/L) 48 30 45 28 -- --

26. BOD (mg/L) 16.0 10.0 15.0 9.3 -- --

27. Carbonate (mg/L) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) -- --

28. Bicarbonate (mg/L) 220.0 210.0 190.0 200.0 -- --

29. Odour

Unobjectionable

Unobjectionable

Disagreeable

Unobjectionable

Agreeable Agreeable

30. Nitrite (mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) -- --

31. Total Coliform (MPN / 100 ml)

Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent

32. Fecal Coliform (MPN / 100 ml)






Sr. No

. Parameters Hadamtala Bharudi Ardoi Shemla

Acceptable Limits

Permissible Limits

1. pH 7.39 7.72 7.79 8.22

6.5-8.5 No Relaxation

2. Temp(°C) 32.4 32.8 33.2 33.4 -- --

3. Color(cu) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L (DL=5)

B.D.L (DL=5)

B.D.L (DL=5)

5 15

4. EC(µS) 632 1838 1265 1765 -- --

5. Turbidity(NTU) 8.0 9.2 8.4 9.8 1 5

6. Ammonical Nitrogen(mg/L)

11.4 17.0 15.4 16.6 -- --

7. TDS (mg/L) 430 1250 860 1200 500 2000

8. TS (mg/L) 454.0 1280.0 880.0 1226.0 -- --

9. TSS (mg/L) 24.0 30.0 20.0 26.0 -- --

10. Chloride as Cl (mg/L) 39.0 489.0 369.0 520.0 250 1000

11. Sulphate as SO4 (mg/L)

14.4 52.9 52.1 50.1 200 400

12. Total Hardness as CaCO3 (mg/L)

210.0 520.0 240.0 440.0 200 600

13. Ca Hardness (mg/L) 100.0 200.0 80.0 190.0 -- --

14. Mg Hardness (mg/L) 110.0 320.0 160.0 250.0 -- --

15. Calcium as Ca(mg/L) 40.1 80.2 32.1 76.2

75 200

16. Magnesium as Mg (mg/L)

27.3 79.4 39.7 62.0 30 100

17. Alkalinity as CaCO3 (mg/L)

B.D.L(DL=5) 180.0 160.0 140.0 200 600

18. Boron as B (mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1)

B.D.L (DL=1)

B.D.L (DL=1)

0.5 1.0

19. Nitrate as NO3(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=0.1) 2.6 3.6 3.4

45 No Relaxation

20. Ortho Phosphate as P(mg/L)

B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L

(DL=1) B.D.L

(DL=1) -- --

21. Fluoride as F (mg/L) 0.62 1.64 1.42 1.29 1 1.5

22. Iron as Fe(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=0.2) 1.3 0.9 1.5

0.3 No relaxation

23. Sodium as Na (mg/L) 4 24 12 16 -- --

24. Potassium as K (mg/L) 1 2 1 0 -- --

25. COD (mg/L) 70 42 38 34 -- --

26. BOD (mg/L) 23.3 14.0 12.7 11.3 -- --

27. Carbonate (mg/L) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L (DL=5)

B.D.L (DL=5)

-- --

28. Bicarbonate (mg/L) B.D.L(DL=5) 180.0 160.0 140.0 -- --

29. Odour

Unobjectionable

Unobjectionable

Unobjectionable

Unobjectionable

Agreeable Agreeable

30. Nitrite (mg/L)

B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1)

B.D.L(DL=1)

-- --

31. Total Coliform (MPN / 100 ml)


32. Fecal Coliform (MPN / 100 ml)






Table 3.3.3 Water Quality - Physico-chemical Analysis of Surface Water (October – December

2016)

Note:

BDL = Below Detection Limit, NS = Not Specifies

D.L. = Detection Limit, Unobj. = Un Objectionable

Sr No Parameters Jasuki Nadi

SW3 Veni Talav

SW4 Vachhapar Nadi SW1

Vachhapar Talav SW2

Champavadi Nadi SW5

Acceptable limit

Permissible Limit

1 pH 7.12 7.06 6.95 6.80 6.99 6.5-8.5 --

2 Temp(°C) 29 29 29 29 29 -- --

3 Color(Cu) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) 5 15

4 DO(mg/L) 5.9 5.8 6 5.8 5.9 -- --

5 EC(µS) 994 888 547 642 835 -- --

6 Turbidity(NTU) 3 2.6 3.4 3.8 2.9 1 5

7 Ammonical

Nitrogen(mg/L) 8.5 7.7 6.3 6.4 4.1 -- --

8 TDS (mg/L) 676 604 372 500 664 500 2000

9 TS (mg/L) 696 620 388 512 676 -- --

10 TSS (mg/L) 12 16 16 12 20 -- --

11 Chloride (mg/L) 200 170 115 160 215 250 1000

12 Sulphate (mg/L) 38.7 34.7 22.4 32.2 45.2 200 400

13 Total Hardness

(mg/L) 135 130 110 110 170 200 600

14 Ca Hardness (mg/L) 70 55 45 90 95 -- --

15 Mg Hardness (mg/L) 65 75 65 80.2 75 -- --

16 Calcium (mg/L) 54.1 52.1 44.1 21.9 68.1 75 200

17 Magnesium (mg/L) 15.8 18.2 15.8 90 18.2 30 100

18 Alkalinity (mg/L) 150 160 140 170 170 200 600

19 Boron(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) 0.5 1.0

20 Nitrate(mg/L) 3 3.5 2.5 2.7 2.5 45 --

21 Phosphate(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) 1.4 B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) -- --

22 Fluoride(mg/L) 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.5

23 Iron(mg/L) 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.3 0.3 --

24 Sodium as Na (mg/L) 13 31 8 8 22 -- --

25 Potassium as K

(mg/L) 4 0 2 3 2 -- --

26 COD(mg/L) 32 28 20 32 24 -- --

27 BOD(mg/L) 11 9.3 7 11 8 -- --

28 Odour Unobj. Unobj. Unobj. Unobj. Unobj. Agr. Agr.

29 Nitrite(mg/L) 1.9 2.0 1.6 3.0 2.4 Agr. Agr.

30 Total


31 Fecal


32 Chloramines(mg/L) 2.2 1.6 2.0 2.5 2.6 4.0 --

33 E.Coli(MPN) Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent

34 Carbonate(mg/L) 0 0 0 0 0 - -

35 Bicarbonate(mg/L) 150 160 140 170 170 - -





Note:

BDL = Below Detection Limit, NS = Not Specifies

D.L. = Detection Limit, Unobj. = Un Objectionable

Sr No Parameters Gondal Nadi

Upstream SW6

Gondal Nadi Downstream

SW7 Acceptable limit

Permissible Limit

1 pH 7.06 7.12 6.5-8.5 --

2 Temp(°C) 29 29 -- --

3 Color(Cu) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) 5 15

4 DO(mg/L) 6.6 6.2 -- --

5 EC(µS) 865 1018 -- --

6 Turbidity(NTU) 3.3 3.4 1 5

7 Ammonical

Nitrogen(mg/L) 4.1 4 -- --

8 TDS (mg/L) 640 720 500 2000

9 TS (mg/L) 648 728 -- --

10 TSS (mg/L) 16 12 -- --

11 Chloride (mg/L) 190 175 250 1000

12 Sulphate (mg/L) 51 50.2 200 400

13 Total Hardness

(mg/L) 155 190 200 600

14 Ca Hardness (mg/L) 60 110 -- --

15 Mg Hardness (mg/L) 95 80 -- --

16 Calcium (mg/L) 62.1 76.1 75 200

17 Magnesium (mg/L) 23.1 19.4 30 100

18 Alkalinity (mg/L) 130 140 200 600

19 Boron(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) 0.5 1.0

20 Nitrate(mg/L) 2 3 45 --

21 Phosphate(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) -- --

22 Fluoride(mg/L) 1.4 1.3 1.0 1.5

23 Iron(mg/L) 1.1 1.2 0.3 --

24 Sodium as Na (mg/L) 19 19 -- --

25 Potassium as K

(mg/L) 9 10 -- --

26 COD(mg/L) 28 28 -- --

27 BOD(mg/L) 9.3 9.3 -- --

28 Odour Unobj. Unobj. Agr. Agr.

29 Nitrite(mg/L) 1.6 1.9 -- --

30 Total

Coliform(MPN) Absent Absent Absent Absent

31 Fecal

Coliform(MPN) Absent Absent Absent Absent

32 Chloramines(mg/L) 1.8 2.0 4.0 --

33 E.Coli(MPN) Absent Absent Absent Absent

34 Carbonate(mg/L) 0 0 - -

35 Bicarbonate(mg/L) 130 140 - -





Table 3.3.3. A. Water Quality - Physico-chemical Analysis of Surface Water (May – June 2017)

Sr. No.

Parameters Jasuki Nadi Veni Talav Vachhapar Nadi Vachhapar

Talav Acceptable

Limits Permissible

Limits

1. pH 7.24 7.12 6.99 6.86 6.5-8.5 No

Relaxation

2. Temp(°C) 32.2 33.2 33.0 32.8 -- --

3. Color(cu) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) 5 15

4. DO(mg/L) 6.0 5.6 5.8 5.4 -- --

5. EC(µS) 1000.0 911.8 554.4 708.8 -- --

6. Turbidity(NTU) 3.2 2.8 3.0 3.6 1 5

7. Ammonical

Nitrogen(mg/L) 8.0 7.3 6.4 6.2 -- --

8. TDS (mg/L) 680.0 620.0 377.0 482.0 500 2000

9. TS (mg/L) 698.0 640.0 391.0 498.0 -- --

10. TSS (mg/L) 18.0 20.0 14.0 16.0 -- --

11. Chloride as Cl

(mg/L) 180.0 160.0 120.0 190.0 250 1000

12. Sulphate as SO4

(mg/L) 40.4 36.6 22.8 32.8 200 400

13. Total Hardness

as CaCO3 (mg/L) 140.0 120.0 100.0 110.0 200 600

14. Ca Hardness

(mg/L) 90.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 -- --

15. Mg Hardness

(mg/L) 50.0 80.0 40.0 30.0 -- --

16. Calcium as Ca(mg/L)

36.1 16.0 24.0 32.1 75 200

17. Magnesium as

Mg (mg/L) 12.4 19.8 9.9 7.4 30 100

18. Alkalinity as

CaCO3 (mg/L) 140 120 180 160 200 600

19. Boron as B

(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) 0.5 1.0

20. Nitrate as NO3

(mg/L) 3.2 3.4 3.0 2.6 45

No Relaxation

21. Phosphate as

P(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) -- --

22. Fluoride as F

(mg/L) 1.30 1.42 1.32 1.40 1 1.5

23. Iron as Fe

(mg/L) 1.1 1.6 1.4 1.2 0.3

No relaxation

24. Sodium as Na

(mg/L) 12.0 32.0 10.0 11.0 -- --

25. Potassium as K

(mg/L) 2.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 -- --

26. COD (mg/L) 26 30 18 30 -- --

27. BOD (mg/L) 8.7 10.0 6.0 10.0 -- --

28. Carbonate

(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5)

-- --

29. Bicarbonate

(mg/L) 140 120 180 160 -- --

30. Odour Unobjectionab

le Disagreeable Disagreeable

Unobjectionable

Agreeable Agreeable





31. Nitrite (mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) -- --

32. Total coliform

(MPN / 100 ml) 10 16 12 18 Absent Absent

33. Fecal coliform

(MPN / 100 ml) 3.0 4.8 3.6 5.4 Absent Absent

Sr. No.

Parameters Champavadi

Nadi Gondal Nadi

Upstream Gondal Nadi Downstrem

Acceptable Limits

Permissible Limits

1. pH 7.20 7.34 7.18 6.5-8.5 No

Relaxation

2. Temp(°C) 32.4 32.0 33.4 -- --

3. Color(cu) B.D.L (DL=5) B.D.L (DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5) 5 15

4. DO(mg/L) 5.6 6.2 5.2 -- --

5. EC(µS) 988.2 958.8 1050.0 -- --

6. Turbidity(NTU) 2.9 2.8 3.4 1 5

7. Ammonical

Nitrogen(mg/L) 4.0 5.2 4.4 -- --

8. TDS (mg/L) 672.0 652.0 714.0 500 2000

9. TS (mg/L) 694.0 662.0 726.0 -- --

10. TSS (mg/L) 22.0 10.0 12.0 -- --

11. Chloride as Cl

(mg/L) 200.0 210.0 170.0 250 1000

12. Sulphate as SO4

(mg/L) 44.6 52.2 48.2 200 400

13. Total Hardness

as CaCO3 (mg/L) 180.0 160.0 170.0 200 600

14. Ca Hardness

(mg/L) 50.0 70.0 100.0 -- --

15. Mg Hardness

(mg/L) 130.0 90.0 70.0 -- --

16. Calcium as Ca(mg/L)

20.0 28.1 40.1 75 200

17. Magnesium as

Mg (mg/L) 32.2 22.3 17.4 30 100

18. Alkalinity as

CaCO3 (mg/L) 170 110 130 200 600

19. Boron as B

(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) 0.5 1.0

20. Nitrate as NO3

(mg/L) 2.4 2.0 2.8 45

No Relaxation

21. Phosphate as

P(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) -- --

22. Fluoride as F

(mg/L) 1.34 1.38 1.26 1 1.5

23. Iron as Fe

(mg/L) 1.0 1.3 0.9 0.3

No relaxation

24. Sodium as Na

(mg/L) 20.0 18.0 16.0 -- --

25. Potassium as K

(mg/L) 4.0 3.0 8.0 -- --

26. COD (mg/L) 22 20 28 -- --

27. BOD (mg/L) 7.3 6.7 9.3 -- --

28. Carbonate

(mg/L) B.D.L(DL=5) B.D.L(DL=5)

B.D.L(DL=5) -- --





29. Bicarbonate

(mg/L) 170 110 130 -- --

30. Odour Disagreeable Unobjection

able Unobjectionable Agreeable Agreeable

31. Nitrite (mg/L) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) B.D.L(DL=1) -- --

32. Total coliform

(MPN / 100 ml) 14 20 15 Absent Absent

33. Fecal coliform

(MPN / 100 ml) 4.2 6.0 4.5 Absent Absent





3.4 LAND ENVIRONMENT

Land and ecology study is important for Environmental Impact Assessment to identify

sensitive issues and take appropriate action by maintaining ‘ecological homeostasis’ in

the early stages of development of the project. The objective of this report is to define

the present environment in which the proposed action is to occur, to evaluate all the

possible eventualities, to ensure that all negative impacts are minimized and to

demonstrate that the proposed project has been appropriately announce to all the

interested parties so that their concerns can be considered.

For this purpose baseline data (biotic and abiotic factors) has been studied around 10

km radius of the project. This data has been generated during October 2016 – December

2016. Soil Monitoring was also carried out in May 2017. Soil analysis results are shown in

Table 3.4.2 & 3.4.2.A.

3.4.1 METHODOLOGY OF SAMPLE COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS

Soil

For soil quality analysis 8 sampling sites were chosen to understand physico-chemical

and biological status of the soil. Photograph showing soil sampling is shown in Fig. 3.4.1

and the sampling sites are marked in Fig. 3.4.2. This will establish the baseline

characteristics and will facilitate identifying the contamination if any due to the

proposed project.

Collection of soil samples and analysis

Disturbed soil samples were collected from the rotary cuttings and bailers and also

from split spoon samplers. Un-disturbed tube samples were collected using thin walled

tubes. Soil samples were collected such that structure and moisture content of the soil

do not get altered. In accordance with IS: 2720, split samples were carefully extracted

from the samplers.

Meticulous was paid to collect adequate amount of composite soil samples for

analysis. The samples were packed in dependable, waterproof containers and marking

specified accurately and distinctly. All the soil samples and core boxes were carefully

transported to the testing laboratory.

All ‘Soil sampling and analysis’ will be followed and done by Indian Standard IS – 2720.





Figure: 3.4.1 Photograph showing soil sample collection

Parameters analyzed for soil samples were Electrical Conductivity, pH, Nitrogen, Phosphorus,

Potassium, Organic Carbon %, Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Sulphate, Bulk Density, etc.





Fig. 3.4.2 Map showing Soil Sampling Locations

Table: 3.4.1 Soil sampling Location

Codes Station Name

S1 Project site

S2 Bhunava

S3 Nana mahika

S4 Nagadka

S5 Hadamtala

S6 Bharudi

S7 Ardoi

S8 Shemla





3.4.2 SOIL DATA ANALYSIS

Data Analysis (October – December 2016)

The pH of the soil extract varied from 6.56 to 7.49. The EC varied from 0.21 to 1.55

mS/cm indicating average type soils. Organic matter in soils ranged from 0.61 to 3.06 %

revealing the distribution more than sufficient. Cation exchange capacity ranged

between 57.22 to 89.32 meq/100gm. Total Phosphorus levels ranged between 0.54 to

4.46 mg/kg. Soil potassium varied from 6.01 to 35.76 meq/100gm. Sodium varied from

26.8 meq/100gm TO 51.7 meq/100gm.

Table: 3.4.2 Physicochemical Parameters of the soil (October – December 2016)

Sr. No.

Parameter Unit Project Site S1

Bhunava S2

Nana Mahika

S3

Nagdaka S4

Hadmatala S5

Bharudi S6

Ardoi S7

Shemla S8

1 pH -- 7.03 7.01 7.4 6.92 7.49 6.56 6.79 7.31

2 Organic Matter % 1.01 0.73 0.61 0.943 0.83 3.06 0.84 2.76

3 Total Phosphorous

mg/kg BQL 1.087 BQL 0.54 0.65 4.46 BQL 2.5

4 Electrical Conductivity

mS/cm 0.53 0.37 0.67 0.66 1.55 0.71 0.21 0.4

5 Sodium meq/100gm 38.35 33.1 51.7 40.15 31 49.15 36.55 26.8

6 Potassium meq/100gm 6.6 12.25 23.53 14.82 35.76 17.44 6.01 15.47

7 Cation Exchange Capacity

meq/100gm 66.85 58.12 87.35 68.52 89.32 88.7 58.1 57.22

8 Water Holding Capacity

% 43.91 34.97 22.69 63.9 41.97 49.98 42.28 31.71

9 SAR -- 11.45 11.0 19.6 13.4 9.33 14.91 12.9 9.47

BQL = Below Quantification Limit





Data Analysis (May – June 2017)

The pH of the soil extract varied from 6.60 to 7.42. The EC varied from 0.23 to 1.60

mS/cm indicating average type soils. Organic matter in soils ranged from 0.58 to 4.02 %

revealing the distribution more than sufficient. Cation exchange capacity ranged

between 54.23 to 90.5 meq/100gm. Total Phosphorus levels ranged between 0.60 to

5.23 mg/kg. Soil potassium varied from 7.2 to 40.4 meq/100gm. Sodium varied from

24.8 meq/100gm To 52.2 meq/100gm.

Table: 3.4.2.A. Physicochemical Parameters of the soil (May – June 2017)

Sr. No.

Parameters Unit Project Site

Bhunava Nana Maika


1. pH@25°C - 7.11 7.08 7.34 6.98 7.42 6.60 6.82 7.35

2. Organic Matter

% 0.85 0.66 0.58 0.90 0.80 4.02 0.86 2.72

3. Total Phosphorus

mg/kg

B.D.L 1.056 B.D.L 0.60 0.68 5.23 B.D.L 2.2

4. EC mS/ cm

0.54 0.35 0.64 0.70 1.60 0.75 0.23 0.38

5. Sodium meq/ 100 gm

40.2 31.4 52.2 42.2 34.2 52.2 38.7 24.8

6. Potassium meq/ 100 gm

7.2 11.8 25.4 16.8 40.4 20.4 7.5 14.8

7. Cation Exchange capacity

meq/ 100 gm

68.81 54.23 84.56 70.25 90.45 90.5 56.3 55.4

8. Water Holding Capacity

% 44.74 30.24 20.78 66.8 44.89 50.23 44.38 28.81

9. SAR - 12.6 10.4 17.6 14.8 10.2 15.23 13.4 8.45

B.D.L. = Below Detectable Limit





3.4.3 GEO-HYDROLOGICAL FEATURES

Introduction:-

Gondal is the town with Taluka place in Rajkot district, in Gujarat state. Gondal is situated at a distance about 30 km from Rajkot city.Ground water has been the main source of water supply. The demand for water increased with increasing population, agricultural activities, steeping up of industrialition and observations formed the basis of striking ground water in past. The present report in corporate, Hydrogeology & ground water scenario based on the scientific information with special reference to Recharge Activity in Gondal Taluka to envisage appropriate remedial measures keeping environmental impact of Gondal development in view for the request of T. R. Associates – Ahmedabad under Environment impact assessment Program.

Land / Soil Characteristic :-

The soils are generally developed from Basaltic formation and are coarse in texture with satisfactory internal drainage. The sub soil conditions below the existing ground level are almost uniform in nature. Sub soil is composed of Clay mixed with little fine grained silty sand, moram and Kankar with low resistivity due to clay and soil moisture. The area is covered with recent to sub recent alluvial deposits comprising of brownish clay mixed with little fine grained sand, silty sand. The Soil below ground level consists of top silty low plastic soil layer having no swelling nature. Blockish brown to yellowish brown clayey silt or sand silt layer extends to the depth of 2 to 3 mts.

Topography :-

In Gondal Taluka rainfall is normal but due to the topography and hard and compact basaltic track as basement rock a major amount of rain water goes as run off to sea. Therefore the sustainability of drinking water sources remains unsolved in the area. Gondal area has diverse landscape made up of hills valleys pediplain plateau. The terrain slope is westerly in south. Number of major rivers drains the area. Godali & Chaparvadi River is flowing near Gondal.

Climate:-

The Climate of the area is dry and semi arid in southern belt of Gujarat. Range of Average Temp is 42° to 45°C in summer and 10° to 18°C in winter.





General Information of Taluka – Gondal :-

Total number of villages = 81

Total area of Taluka in Sq. Kms.= 1193.50

Saline area = NIL.

Fresh water area = 1193.50 Sq.Kms.

Hard rock area = 1193.50 Sq.Kms.

Aluminum area = NIL.

Feasibility =Open well , DCB, DTH Bores

Quality of Groundwater = Potable

Ground water Balance – 74.01 MCM/ Year

Geology:-

Geologically the area of Gondal town is occupied by thin alluvium formation and Basalt rock formation. The thickness of alluvium in the area is about 1 to 2 mts. Alluvium occurring in out fall areas of Bhadar Rivers. Mesozoic Era: System: Cretaceo Eocene (over 1200m) bottom not reached. Rock Unit: Basaltic lavas (Deccan Traps) with intertrappeans. Facies and Environment of deposition of continental fissure eruptions and fluvial lacustrines (Intertrappeans) are occupied in major part of Gondal Taluka. Many varieties of basaltic rocks are known to occur and apart from typical dark grey fine grained variety, layer of amygdaloidal and porphysitic basalts are also common. It has no primary porosity & permeability but the fractures, weathered zones, fissures, dyke & lineament present in it, to provide secondary porosity. A lineament is an interesting structure in basalt rock important for ground water movement, stoppage and storage. Basalts are generally formed by cooling of lave flows and the rock itself can be identified by its dark tone. During cooling of lave and formation of a rock, joints develop. Joints have strike, dip and spacing, some joints structurally, disturbed and they develop fractures. Such fractures and closely spaced joints have a linear extension. So they can be seen on imagery as a line. Adyke is an intrusion in the country rock giving a distinct linear effect on the surface they obstruct the normal ground water flow and surface water movement. Weathered and fractures dykes are more productive as well as recharging purpose. Fracture zones forming the course of existing drainage are more productive as well as recharging purpose.

Rainfall:-

Dependable Rainfall = 729 mm

Last 30 year average Rainfall = 627 mm





Geohydrology:-

The Litho logical logs of bore wells of Pvt. and Govt. agencies in and around Gondal Taluka have been studied to understand the subsurface geology and the aquifer system. Hydro geologically, major aquifer in the area is formed by fissured, fractured & weathered rock formation constituted by basaltic lava flows of Deccan Traps period in the south. In hard rocks, ground water occurs mainly under unconfined condition in the weathered mantle. Providing of adequate quantity of water in the Gondal Taluka areas, geohydrologically basalt rocks are poor aquifers. The formation has poor ground water potential. Ground water just does not occur everywhere in this rock type.

Feasibility of Source at Gondal Taluka :-

Area around Gondal Taluka is checked on ground water prospect Map, prepared by National Remote Sensing Agency, Dept. of SPAC, G.O.I. Hyderabad, map sheet no. 41J16 for feasibility of source along Gondali & Chaparvadi river course. The detail is as under

Map unit : - Hydro geomorphic unit PWS4

Geological sequence :- Upper cretaceous of Eocene Deccan Volcanic

Rock type :- Basalt Flows at gramtal (4)- amygdaloidal – 182-157 m MSL

Geomorphic Units & Land forms

PWS – 4 Plateau weathered Shallow 182 to 157 m MSL

Depth of water level :- for Dugwell - 19 mts., Borewell – 20 to 33 mts

Recharge condition :- Limited

Aquifer material weathered rock (WR) Fracture rock (FR)

Type of well suitable :- D.W.-Dugwell, B.W. Borewell

B.W. depth 130 to 180 mts. – yields 50 to 100 LPM

Homogeneity in the unit :- Moderate

Quality of water :- Portable

Ground water irrigated area :- 20 to 25 %

Recharge structure suitable :- RW (Recharge Well) , RP (Recharge Pit),

CD (Checked Dam)

Problems/limitations of the area

Amygdaloidal Basalt under fractured and fissured conditions from the aquifer.Brackish water is reported from Ardoi, Sapar, Hadmatia and Kotada Saugani villages.





3.4.3.1 Drainage Pattern:-

The area has a drainage pattern which is of the parallel and trellis type and which is

controlled by the topography and structure and tectonics of the region. All the small

streams flow from the higher grounds and meet ultimately Chaparvadi River which flow

from North East to South West direction near project area. The area Drainage ultimately

meets with Gondali River.

Area has diverse landscape made up of small hills, valley, drainage flow, Platue and

alluvium plain. Due to terrain constraint it is necessary to adopt proper soil conservation

and sand water development and management practice for w/s in sustained basis.

Because of short span of monsoon season and limited storage capacity and rapid cut

flow for hard rock aquifers, that is need to provide ground water recharge facilities to

supplement its which drawl at a time of summer.

As various components of the hydrologic system-Catchment runoff, base flow and

ground water an integrated at the level of river basins, river basin should be the unit of

governance and management of water resource such a system of governance will

ensure integration of physical sustainability consideration and the social economical and

environmental consideration in water resources management.





3.4.4 LAND USE STATUS

Introduction

The land-use & land cover map of the 10 km radius study area from the project site has

been prepared using IRS P6 LISS-III satellite image procured from NRSC (National Remote

sensing Centre), Hyderabad. Land use pattern of the study area as well as the catchment

area was carried out by standard methods of analysis of remotely sensed data and

followed by ground truth collection (Bench mark) and interpretation of satellite data.

The outcome of land use study has been presented below in subsequent table and

figures. The data was processed through ArcGIS Software tools available with ESRI

Package. The Land use map of the 10 Km study area is presented in Figure 3.4.3.

Land use & land cover classification results

Land Cover is the physical material at the surface of the earth (it include grass, asphalt,

trees, bare ground, water, etc.) whereas Land use is the human use of land.

Land Use involves the management and modification of natural environment or

wilderness into built environment such as fields, pastures, and settlements. It has also

been defined as "the arrangements, activities and inputs people undertake in a certain

land cover type to produce, change or maintain it".

There is no one ideal classification of land use and land cover, and it is unlikely that one

could ever be developed. There are different perspectives in the classification process,

and the process itself tends to be subjective, even when an objective numerical

approach is used.

Concepts concerning land cover and land use activity are closely related and in many

cases have been used interchangeably. The purposes for which lands are being used

commonly have associated types of cover, whether they are forest, agricultural,

residential, or industrial.

Remote sensing image-forming devices do not record activity directly. The remote

sensor acquires a response which is based on many characteristics of the land surface,

including natural or artificial cover. The interpreter uses color, tones, textures, shapes,

size, patterns, and site associations to derive information about land use activities from

what is basically information about land cover.





To begin with, there is considerable diversity of opinion about what constitutes land use,

although present use of land is one of the characteristics that are widely recognized as

significant for planning and management purposes.

The classification must be scientifically defensible presenting a logical progression of its

applicability over large areas, amenable for use with remote sensor data. The

classification scheme is adopted for extracting information for on most possible land

use/land cover classes in general and all the agricultural seasons in particular and hence

enable to repeat the process at regular time intervals.

The present Land use / Land cover map for the proposed project activity is prepared by

current vintage of satellite image. This report thus will enable assessing the impact on

land use pattern in the study area due to the proposed project activity.

(A) DATA USED

Current vintage data of Indian Remote Sensing satellite IRS P6 LISS III digital FCC

(False Color Composite) has been used for preparation of Land use/ Land cover

thematic map of study area. Survey of India toposheet as a reference map on

1:50,000 scale have been used for preparation of base layer data like road, rail

network, village and mine site and for geo referencing of satellite image.

Technical Details

Satellite Image - IRS P6 LISS III

Satellite Data Source - NRSC, Hyderabad

Software Used - Earth Resources Data Analysis System (ERDAS) Imagine 9.2 and

Arc Gis 10.





(B) METHODOLOGY

Land use / Land cover map preparation, Base map creation; Geometric and

Radiometric correction of satellite image has been processed using ERDAS Imagine

9.2 Software.

Salient features of the adopted methodology are given below:

Acquisition of satellite data.

Preparation of base map from Survey of India toposheets.

Data analysis using visual interpretation techniques.

Ground truth studies or field checks.

Finalization of the map.

Digitization using heads up vectorisation method.

Area calculation for statistics generation.

(C) INTERPRETATION OF REMOTE SENSING DATA

Satellite images are composed of array of grid, each grid has a numeric value that is

known as digital number. Smallest unit of this grid is known as a pixel that captures

reflectance of ground features represented in terms of Digital number, each

representing specific land features. Using image classification technique, the

satellite data is converted into thematic information, map based on the user’s

knowledge about the ground area. Hybrid technique has been used i.e. visual

interpretation and digital image processing for identification of different land use

and vegetation cover classes based on spectral signature of geographic feature.

Spectral signature represents various land use classes. Image interpretation keys are

developed based on image characteristics like color, tone, size, shape, texture,

pattern, shadow, association etc, which enables interpretation of satellite images

for ground feature. Training sites are then assigned based on their spectral signature

and interpretation elements. Using image classification algorithm land use map is

generated.

A total of seven land use/land cover classes have been demarcated in the study area

following Level I, II and III classification (Table 3.4.3). A thematic map suitable for

1:25,000 scale map generation incorporating these classified categories has been





prepared and considering that the area of the project is considerably small a large

scale map is prepared (Fig.3.4.3). The area as a whole represents plain area with

very gentle sloping to nearly level area & river (Chhaparwadi and Gondli) flowing

from north to south. Medium level industrial zone covered for 1.73 km2, the total

land area of scrub land covered 38.8 km2 and 251.07 km2 area covered under

agriculture land.

The adjoining area of project site is totally agricultural land including Kharif, Rabi

and summer crop, constitute the dominant category of land use covering as much as

251.07 km2 of the total area. Active river canal forming the perennial water body

together with the numerous open & wastelands form a major and minor land cover

category. Active River and its tributaries flowing into it cover about 11.87 km2 of the

total project area. Due to large seasonal variation in discharge of these rivers, the

area coverage of this category various in space and time. The consistently shifting

nature of the (canal name) and consequent bank migration has resulted in large

uncultivated & rural settlement along the active plain area towards the site location.

These areas are village pond and waterbody in the development area of the project

site and are located within the uncultivated land areas significant distribution. The

land use for settlement is mostly confined to





Table: 3.4.3 Land Use Land Cover

Sr.No.

LULC Class Area (KM2) Percentage

1 Settlement 9.41 3.0

2 Industry 1.73 0.55

3 Agriculture 251.07 79.92

4 Waterlogged 0.12 0.04

5 Land with dense scrub 1.15 0.36

6 Land with open scrub 38.8 12.35

7 River 11.87 3.78

TOTAL 314.15 100

Fig. 3.4.2.1 Pie chart showing LULC class and percentage.

The ‘rural and urban settlement’ (built up-rural) 9.41 Km2 and land without scrub

feature 1.15 Km2 of the total area & as such there is no current fallow land because

the satellite used is of March month when most of the crop is towards senence or

maturity .





Fig. 3.4.3 Land use and Land cover map of the 10 km radius of the study area





Fig. 3.4.4 Satellite Image of the 10 km radius of the study area





Fig. 3.4.5 Infrastructure Map of the 10 km radius of the study area





3.4.5 TOPOGRAPHY

The area of the project site (M/s. SWASTIK LAMINATES) is located in the CENTRAL part

of RAJKOT DISTRICT of Gujarat state.

The topographic feature & drainage pattern of the study area has been studied from

SRTM3, 2008 data having resolution of 3 arc seconds. The toposheet have been

analysed using GIS application to generate the contour line at interval of 10 Kms

considering one elevated area in the study region. Further, the digital elevation data

have been analysed to determine the slope & elevation profiles of the each individual

villages of the study area as well as whole study area to ascertain the landform of the

villages and study area.

It has been observed that the majority study area is levelled plain to nearly level with

small slopes. Two areas in the study region have been noticed with considerably gentle

slope near village Ribda making the landform of small slopes indicating small plain with

the elevation profile. Over all slope direction of the study area is noticed towards south

to north.

The maximum elevation and higher slope is found near northern part of Sindhavadar,

Lunivav, and Bhojpara village where a medium height is situated.

The generated streams indicated that the most of the area are covered by two main

stream ie Chhaparwadi and Gondli river flowing from North to South.

Topography of the area is characterized by dominating plain area with very gentle

sloping to nearly level area.

DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL

Digital Elevation Models are data files that contain the elevation of the terrain over a

specified area, usually at a fixed grid interval over the "Bare Earth". The intervals

between each grid points will always be referenced to some geographical coordinate

system. This is usually either latitude-longitude or UTM (Universal Transverse Mercator)

coordinate systems. The closer are together the grid points, more detailed information

will be in the file. The detail s of the peaks and valleys in the terrain will be better

modelled with small grid spacing than when the grid interval is very large. Elevations

other than at the specific grid point locations are not contained in the file. As a result

peak points and valley points not coinciding with the grid will not be recorded in the file.

For practical purpose this "Bare Earth" DEM is generally synonymous with a Digital

Terrain Model (DTM).

(A) DATA USED





DEM Data: Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) data

Software Used: ERDAS Imagine 9.2 & Arc GIS 10.

PHYSIOGRAPHY AND DRAINAGE PATTERN

The area of the project site is located in the central part of Rajkot District of Gujarat

state. Topography of the area is characterized by very gentle sloping area to level to

nearly level. A Seasonal river, i .e. Chhaparwadi and Gondli River, drains through the

study area.





Fig. 3.4.6 Topography map of the 10 km radius of the study area




Chapter-3: Description of Environment 3.54

3.4.6 ECOLOGY

3.4.6.1 Compilation of available information and rapid reconnaissance

Status of land use and habitat types was studied within the 5 km radius identified

as the buffer zone of the proposed project site. In addition, rapid survey of the

project area has been conducted to identify existing major habitat types within it

(Wilderness area; Reserve Forest, Open Scrub and Prosopis Dense; Agriculture

hedges and along road side; Wasteland and gauchar land; and Wetlands: village

ponds, tanks, small nallah and riverine). The following areas under each habitat

category been surveyed for collection of biodiversity data:

Riverine/wetland/

Nallah

Forest/

Open Scrub

Agriculture

Hedge/Road side

Wasteland/

Gauchar

- in and around the

riverine and rivulets

- nearest ponds of

each village

- dry nallahas

-Nr.Gundala

-Nr.Daliya

-Nr.Hadamtala

-Nr.Gundasara

-Androl-Solia road

-Daliya and Munja

road

-Vejagam road

-Umwada road

-Nr.Pipalia

-Nr.Gundasara area

-Nr.Umwada village

-Nr.Wachhara area

Collection and collation of project related secondary information from client and

consultant.

After several consultation with project authority and based on available areas

under each habitat, the number of plots and size of plots been finalized and

selected plots are eventually distributed and systematic sampling design been

employed for collection of biodiversity data within buffer zone.

3.4.6.2 Intensive survey and compilation of primary field data

Intensive field approach involved mainly the survey-based primary data collection

on various biodiversity components of the project objectives.

The field data collection mainly included biodiversity assessment of different life

forms of floral species such as: trees, shrubs, climbers, herbs and grass. Status of

floral diversity was assessed in representative habitats of each type like;

wastelands which include: open scrub forest and Prosopis juliflora thickets, semi-

wilderness area, agricultural hedge, near human habitation, plantation, stream





and river beds and wetlands (inland).

Faunal diversity was also assessed by inventorying the major group like herpeto-

fauna, birds and mammals.

Status of herpeto-fauna was assessed using Intensive Time Constrained Search

Method covering different micro habitats (Welsh, 1987, Welsh and Lind 1991).

This intensive search was made in different habitat types randomly selected.

Avifaunal status was assessed both in terrestrial and aquatic habitats. Total count

or flock count method was adopted to assess the status of aquatic birds in the

existing water bodies (Sridharan 1989 and Bhupathy 1991). Point count method

was used to assess the status of terrestrial birds (Bibby et al., 1992 and Hutto et

al., 1986). The second technique adopted was area search method (Dieni and

Jones 2002), a time area constrained survey technique that has been widely and

commonly used in several bird monitoring programs.

Status and distribution of different mammal species was quantified using Direct

count Vehicle transects (travelling between the sampling location) (Burnham et

al. 1980) and indirect evidences within the survey areas (Rodgers 1988 and Sale

and Berkmuller, 1988). Indirect evidences like, Pellet, dung, tracks (Thommpson

et al 1989, Allen et al 1996), scat count (Henke and knowlton 1995) and other

signs were enumerated using standered method for nocturnal species (Daniels

1992). Presence of different faunal species was also substantiated by interviewing

the local people and experts with pictorial representation.

In addition to the field survey information on various wildlife species in and

around the project sites were collected through village survey and interviewing

the maldharies (traditional livestock grazers). This information was used to

estimate the numbers of the significant species exist within buffer zone, and their

possible movement pattern between diverse habitats.

Secondary information (published and un-published) on the status of the wildlife

species from different sources was also gathered and discussed.

3.4.6.3 Biodiversity Status

This section discuses the ecological status of biota for the M/s. Swastik Laminates.

The baseline status of biota (plant and animals) discussed at various site-specific as

well as habitat specific.





3.4.6.4 BIODIVERSITY STATUS - FLORA

A. Taxonomical Status

Within the sample plots of the study areas, a total of 130 plant species belong

to 112 genera and 53 families were recorded. In addition, dicotyledons are

dominant plant group and represented by 118 species (90.77%) (Table 3.4.4).

In addition, maximum species (104 Nos.) were recorded from agriculture

habitat and followed by wasteland/habitation habitat (98 species) and wetland

areas (47 species) (Table 3.4.12).

Table 3.4.4 Taxonomic Status of plant species: M/s. Swastik Laminates.

Taxonomical status Dicotyledons Monocotyledons Overall

Families 48 5 53

Genera 101 11 112

Species 118 12 130

Relative % 90.77 % 9.23 % 100 %

B. Status of Life form

Study area reported 130 plant species and they formed 14 sub-categories of

lifeforms within five main categories. Among the life forms, herb was

dominated by recording 50 species and contributed maximum of 38.46% of the

total list of plants followed by trees (36 species and 27.70 %). Third dominating

life form was shrub species (25) and shared 19.23 %. The contribution of other

life forms was less than 10% of the species list (Table 3.4.5).





Fig. 3.4.6.1 Life form Status of plant species in percentage.

Table 3.4.5 Life form Status of plant species: M/s. Swastik Laminates.

Life Form Nos. Relative %

Herb Aquatic Herb 1 50 38.46

Herb 49

Grass Grass 8 9 6.92

Sedge 1

Climber Climber 6

10 7.69 Parasite 1

Twiner 2

Woody Twiner 1

Shrub Sarmentose Shrub 1

25 19.23 Shrub 13

Straggling Shrub 4

Under Shrub 7

Tree Tree 29 36 27.70

Small Tree 7

TOTAL 130 130 100.00





C. Common/Domestic Tree species

Only 13 common tree species were identified with a total of 36 trees within the

sample plots of the study area. Among the species, Acacia nilotica, Azadirachta

indica and Cassia siamea was enumerated maximum times in and around the

settlement areas (Table 3.4.6 & 3.4.12).

Table 3.4.6 Common Tree species: M/s. Swastik Laminates.

Sr.No Species Name Local Name Habit Family

1

Acacia nilotica (L.) Del.

subsp. indica(Bth.) Brenan

Deshi Baval,

Bavar Tree Mimosaceae

2 Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. MotoArduso Tree Simaroubaceae

3 Albizia lebbeck (L.) Bth. Karo Sirish Tree Mimosaceae

4 Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Limbdo, Neem Tree Meliaceae

5 Cassia siamea Lam. Kasid Tree Caesalpiniaceae

6 Delonix regia (Boj.) Raf. Gulmohor Tree Caesalpiniaceae

7 Derris indica (Lam.) Bennet Karanj Tree Fabaceae

8 Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Nilgiri Tree Myrtaceae

9 Ficus benghalensis L. Vad Tree Moraceae

10 Ficus religiosa L. Piparo, Piplo Tree Moraceae

11

Leucaena latisiliqua (L.) Wt.

& Arn. Liso Bavar Tree Mimosaceae

12

Peltophorum pterocarpum

(DC.) Backer ex Heyne Tamrafali Tree Caesalpiniaceae

13

Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.)

Thw. Asopalav Tree Annonaceae

D. Wild/Forest Tree Species

Within the study area only 5 wild/forest tree species have been recorded which

were belonging to 5 families and 5 genera. Since the area are dominant with

agriculture habitat, and hence, very few trees were recorded under this category

(Table 3.4.7 & 3.4.12) and it indicates low density of wild tree species in and

around the study area.





Table 3.4.7 Wild/Forest Tree species: M/S. Swastik Laminates.

Sr.No Species Name Local Name Habit Family

1 Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del. Hingor, Ingoriyo Small Tree Balanitaceae

2

Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.)

Planch. Kanaji Tree Ulmaceae

3 Limonia acidissima L. Kothi, Kotha Tree Rutaceae

4 Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce Khijado Tree Mimosaceae

5 Zizyphus mauritiana Lam. Mota Bor Small Tree Rhamnaceae

E. Status of Agriculture Crops

Based on the intensive field survey in and around the agricultural area and dialogue

with the local farmers a total of 8 species have been listed from the study area as

crop species. The crops list includes 4 grains & commercial, 2 fruits and 2 vegetable

species. Fruit and vegetable crops were found cultivated along the agricultural

hedges in a small extent of area (Table 3.4.8 & 3.4.12). In the study area, Kapas

(Gossypium herbaceum) and Tuver (Cajanus Cajan) are the major crops cultivated

extensively.

Table 3.4.8 List of Agriculture and Commercial Crop Species Recorded:

M/s. Swastik Laminates

Sr.No Species Name Local Name Habit Family Season

1 Abelmoschus esculentus (L.)

Moench

Bhinda,

Bhindo

Under

Shrub Malvaceae

Winter

2 Capsicum annuum L. Marchi Herb Solanaceae Winter

3 Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. Tuver Herb Fabaceae Monsoon

4

Gossypium herbaceum auct.

Non L. var. acerifolium

(Guill. & Perr.) Chevalier

Kapas Shrub Malvaceae

Monsoon

5 Ricinus communis L. Divela,

Aranda Shrub Euphorbiaceae

Monsoon

6 Manilkara zapota (L.) Van

Royen Chiku Tree Sapotaceae

Summer

7 Mangifera indica L. Ambo, Keri Tree Anacardiaceae Summer





Sr.No Species Name Local Name Habit Family Season

8 Pennisetum typhoides A.

Rich. Bajri, Bajaro Grass Poaceae

Fodder

3.4.6.5 Biodiversity - Status of Fauna

A. Herpetofauna

The buffer zone area covering 5 km radius reported overall 7 species belong to 7 genus

and 6 families. Within the buffer zone, among the habitats types maximum of five

species were enered along the Dhavat village (discussed and collected information from

local people) followed by three species in agriculture areas and two species in other

habitats (Table 3.4.9).

Table: 3.4.9.Taxonomical Status of Herpetofauna: M/s. Swastik Laminates.

Family & Species name Common and Local Name IUCN Status

FROGS/ Ranidae

1 Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis Skittering Frog (Dedako) LR-nt

LIZARDS/ Gekkonidae

2 Hemidactylus brookii Spotted Indian House Gecko

(Garodi) LR-lc

AGAMIDS/ Agamidae

3 Calotes versicolor Indian Garden Lizard (Kachindo) LR-nt

4 Sitana ponticeriana Fan-Throated Lizard (Kachindi) LR-lc

SNAKES/ Boidae

5 Eryx johnii Eastern Red Sand Boa (Dhomalo) LR-lc

SNAKES/ Colubridae

6 Ptyas mucosa Indian Rat Snake (Nag) LR-nt

TURTLES/ Trionychidae

7 Lissemys punctata

Indian Mud or Flap-shell Turtle

(Kachbo)

-

LR-nt- Lower risk near threatened and LR-Ic- Lower risk least concern





2. Birds (Terrestrial and Aquatic)

Status of terrestrial and aquatic birds was assessed during latter part of winter and

summer and reported a total of 38 species belongs to 37 genera and 31 families in the

buffer zone of study area (Table 3.4.10). Habitat specific abundance resulted more

contribution was from agriculture and habitation areas; and there is no any permanent

aquatic habitat existing within it, therefore during the study period aquatic avifauna was

reported from the nearby wetland and reservoir.

Table 3.4.10 Overall Status of Terrestrial and Aquatic Birds:

M/s. Swastik Laminates

S. No. Order, Family and Species Common English Name MS Sch. FG

GALLIRORMES

Phasianidae

1 Pavo cristatus Indian Peafowl R I G

ANSERIFORMES

Anatidae

2 Sarkidiornis melanotos Comb Duck R IV A

UPUPIFORMES

Upupidae

3 Upupa epops Common Hoopoe RM IV I

CORACIIFORMES

Coraciidae

4 Coracias benghalensis Indian Roller R IV I

Alcedinidae

5 Alcedo Hercules Common Kingfisher R IV P

Dacelonidae

6 Halcyon smyrnensis White-throated Kingfisher R IV P

Cerylidae

7 Ceryle rudis Lesser Pied Kingfisher R IV P

Meropidae

8 Merops orientalis Green Bee-eater R IV I

CUCULIFORMES

Cuculidae

9 Eudynamys scolopacea Asian Koel R IV F






Centropodidae

10 Centropus sinensis Greater Coucal R IV O

PSITTACIFORMES

Psittacidae

11 Psittacula krameri Rose-ringed Parakeet R IV F

APODIFORMES

Apodidae

12 Apus affinis House(Little) Swift R IV I

STEIGIFORMES

Strigidae

13 Athene brama Spotted Owlet R IV C

COLUMBIFORMES

Columbidae

14 Columba livia Rock Pigeon R IV G

15 Streptopelia tranquebarica Red-collared Dove R IV G

GRUIFORMES

Rallidae

16 Gallinula chloropus Common Moorhen R IV A

17 Fulica atra Common Coot R IV A

CICONIFORMES

Scolopacidae

18 Actitis hypoleucos Common Sandpiper R IV A

Charadriidae

19 Vanellus indicus Red-wattled Lapwing R IV I

Accipitridae

20 Accipiter badius Shikra R I C

21 Circius melanoleucos Pied Harrier RM I C

Falconidae

22 Falco tinnunculus Common Kestral RM IV C

Phalacrocoracidae

23 Phalacrocorax niger Little Cormorant R IV A

Ardeidae

24 Ardea cinerea Grey Heron RM IV A

25 Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret R IV AI






Threskiornithidae

26 Threskiornis melanocephalus Black-headed Ibis RM IV A

27 Pseudibis papillosa Black Ibis R IV I

PASSERIFORMES

Corvidae

28 Corvus splendens House Crow R V I

29 Dicrurus macrocercus Black Drongo R IV I

Muscicapidae

30 Saxicoloides fulicata Indian Robin R IV I

Sturnidae

31 Acridotheres ginginianus Bank Myna R IV I

32 Acridotheres tristis Common Myna R IV I

Hirundinidae

33 Hirundo daurica Red-rump Swallow R IV I

Pycnonotidae

34 Pycnonotus cafer Red-vented Bulbul R IV I

Sylviidae

35 Turdoides malcolmi Large Grey Babbler R IV G

Alaudidae

36 Galerida cristata Crested Lark R IV GI

Nectariniidae

37 Nectarinia asiatica Purple Sunbird R IV N

Passeridae

38 Passer domesticus House Sparrow R IV G

MS= Migratory Status, M= Migratory, R= Resident, RM= Resident migratory;

Sch= Schedule as per Wildlife Protection Act 1972; and FG= Feeding Guild, O= Omnivore,

G= Granevore, P= Pisivore, C= Carnivore, I= Insectivore, A= Aquatic.

3. Status of Mammals

As discussed with local people, within buffer zone only seven species of mammalian

fauna were reported and each belongs to separate family/group. None of the family

reported more than one species and showed low species richness (Table 3.4.11). Since

the study area dominated by agriculture habitat, mammalian fauna showed low species

richness.





Table 3.4.11 Overall Status of Mammals: M/s. Swastik Laminates

Sr.

No. Scientific Name Species Food Habit

WPA,1972

Status

Bovidae

1 Boselaphus tragocamelus

(Pallas, 1766) Nilgai Herbivore

III

Canidae

2 Canis aureus (Linnaeus, 1758) Golden Jackal Omnivore II

Herpestidae

3 Herpestes edwardsii

(E.Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire,1818)

Grey

Mongoose Omnivore

II

Hyaenidae

4 Hyaena hyaena

(Linnaeus,1758) Striped Hyena Scavenger

-

Hystricidae

5 Hystrix indica (Kerr,1792)

Indian

Porcupine Herbivore

-

Suidae

6 Sus scrofa (Linnaeus,1758) Wild Boar Herbivore III

Anon. 1972. The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. Ammended 1991. Natraj Publication,

Dehra Dun. 154 p.

3.4.6.6 Threatened Plants and Animals and Conclusion Note

This study reported a total of 130 plant species, 7 herpetofauna, 38 birds and 6

species of mammals from the buffer zone of M/s. Swastik Laminates, However, no

threatened biodiversity reported with highest density or richness from the core and

buffer zones of the study area.





In addition, no true multi species forest type was recorded in the vicinity of the

five kilometer radii in and around the project site. It clearly indicates the low

productive potential of the terrestrial ecosystem. Since the project associated

activities do not required any additional land, the terrestrial ecosystem is

considerably free from the project related impacts.





Table 3.4.12 Habitat-wise checklist of Plant Species recorded in and around the M/s. Swastik Laminates

Sr.No Species Name Local Name Habit Family Habitat

Agriculture Wetland Wasteland/Habitation

1 Abelmoschus esculentus

(L.) Moench

Bhinda,

Bhindo

Under

Shrub Malvaceae √

2 Abutilon indicum (L.) Sw.

subsp. indicum Kanski

Under

Shrub Malvaceae √ √ √

3 Acacia nilotica (L.) Del.

subsp. indica(Bth.) Brenan

Deshi Baval,

Bavar Tree Mimosaceae √ √ √

4 Acalypha indica L. Dadario,

Dadro Herb Euphorbiaceae √ √ √

5 Achyranthes aspera L. var.

argentea Hook. f.

Andhedi,

Anghedo Herb Amaranthaceae √ √ √

6 Achyranthes aspera L. var.

porphyristachya Hk. f. Andhedi Herb Amaranthaceae √ √ √

7 Aerva persica (Burm.f.)

Merrill Gorakh Ganjo Herb Amaranthaceae √

8 Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. MotoArduso Tree Simaroubaceae √

√

9 Albizia lebbeck (L.) Bth. Karo Sirish Tree Mimosaceae √

√

10 Alternanthera pungens H.

B. & K.

Kantaro

Bhangaro Herb Amaranthaceae √

√

11 Alternanthera sessilis (L.)

DC.

Jar Bhaji, Jar

Bhangaro Herb Amaranthaceae √

√

12 Amaranthus spinosus L. Jangali

tandaljo Herb Amaranthaceae √ √ √







13 Ammannia baccifera L. Rato Jal Agio,

Lal Agio Herb Lythraceae

√

14 Argemone mexicana L. Darudi Herb Papaverceae √ √ √

15

Asparagus racemosus

Willd. var. javanicus

(Kunth) Baker

Satavri Sarmentose

Shrub Liliaceae

√

16 Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Limbdo,

Neem Tree Meliaceae √ √

17 Balanites aegyptiaca (L.)

Del.

Hingor,

Ingoriyo Small Tree Balanitaceae

√ √

18 Bergia ammannioides

Roxb. ex Roth Jal Ukharad Herb Elatinaceae

√ √

19 Boerhavia elegans Choisy Udha Satodo,

Punnarva Herb Nyctaginaceae

√

20 Borreria articularis (L.f.)

F.N. Will. - Herb Rubiaceae √

21 Bougainvillea spectabilis

Wild. -

Straggling

Shrub Nyctaginaceae

√

22 Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. Tuver Herb Fabaceae √

23 Calotropis procera (Ait.) R.

Br. Akado Shrub Asclepiadaceae √ √ √

24 Capparis decidua (Forsk.)

Edgew. Ker, Kerdo

Under

Shrub Capparaceae √ √ √







25 Capparis sepiaria L. Kanther Straggling

Shrub Capparaceae √ √ √

26 Capsicum annuum L. Marchi Herb Solanaceae √

27 Cardiospermum

halicacabum L. Kag Doriyu Herb Sapindaceae √

28 Carica papaya L. Papaya,

Papayu Tree Caricaceae √

29 Cassia auriculataL. Avar, Aval,

Avali Shrub Caesalpiniaceae

√ √

30 Cassia fistulaL. Garmaro Tree Caesalpiniaceae √ √ √

31 Cassia occidentalis L. Sundaro,

Kasundro Herb Caesalpiniaceae

√ √

32 Cassia siamea Lam. Kasid Tree Caesalpiniaceae √

√

33 Cassia tora L. Kunwario Herb Caesalpiniaceae

√ √

34 Cayratia carnosa (Lam.)

Gagnep.

Khat

Khatubado Climber Vitaceae √

35 Celosia argentea L. Lampadi,

Lampdi Herb Amaranthaceae √

36 Cenchrus biflorus auct. Dhaman,

Anjan Grass Poaceae √

√

37 Citrus limon (L.) Burm. Limbu Small Tree Rutaceae √

38 Cleome gynandra L. var.

gynandra Ghandhatu Herb Capparaceae √

39 Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Vad Mendhi Herb Verbenaceae √

√







Gaertn.

40 Clerodendrum multiflorum

(Burm.f.) O. Arni Small Tree Verbenaceae √

√

41 Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt Tindora,

Ghiloda Climber Cucurbitaceae √

√

42 Cocculus hirsutus (L.) Diels Vevdi, Vevti Straggling

Shrub Menispermaceae √

√

43 Cocus nucifera L. Nariyer Tree Arecaceae √

√

44 Coldenia procumbens L. Ukharad Herb Boraginaceae

√

45 Convolvulus microphyllus

(Roth) Sieb. ex Spr.

Dholi

Sankhavali Herb Convolvulaceae √ √ √

46 Corchorus aestuans L.

Kag Shing,

Chunch,

Chhadhari

Herb Tiliaceae √

√

47 Cordia dichotoma Forst. Gunda Tree Ehretiaceae √

√

48 Cordia gharaf (Forsk.)

E.&.A.

Nana Gunda,

Liar Gundi Tree Ehretiaceae √

√

49 Cucumis callosus (Rottl.)

Cogn.

Gay

Vasukada Climber Cucurbitaceae √

√

50 Cucumis prophetarum L. Kantalo

Indranan Climber Cucurbitaceae √

√

51 Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. Amarvel Parasite Cuscutaceae √

√

52 Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Dhrab Grass Poaceae √ √ √

53 Cyperus rotundus L. subsp. Chiyo, Moth Sedge Cyperaceae √ √ √







rotundus

54 Dactyloctenium

aegypticum (L.) P. Beauv. - Grass Poaceae √

55 Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. Sisam Tree Fabaceae √

√

56 Datura metel L. Dhaturo Under

Shrub Solanaceae

√ √

57 Delonix regia (Boj.) Raf. Gulmohor Tree Caesalpiniaceae √

58 Derris indica (Lam.) Bennet Karanj Tree Fabaceae √

59 Digera muricata (L.) Mart. Kanjaro,

Kanejro Herb Amaranthaceae √

√

60 Dipteracanthus prostratus

Hassk. - Herb Acanthaceae √

61 Echinochloa colonum (L.)

Link Samo, Jiriu Grass Poaceae

√

62 Echinops echinatus Roxb. Utkanto Under

Shrub Asteraceae

√ √

63 Eclipta prostrata (L.) L.

Mant. Jal Bhangro Herb Asteraceae √ √ √

64 Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Nilgiri Tree Myrtaceae √

√

65 Euphorbia hirta L. Dudheli Herb Euphorbiaceae √

√

66 Euphorbia nivulia Buch.-

Ham. Vad Thor Shrub Euphorbiaceae √

√

67 Euphorbia thymifolia L. Sani Dudheli Herb Euphorbiaceae √

√

68 Evolvulus alsinoides (L.) L. Kari Herb Convolvulaceae √

√







var. alsinoides Sankhavail

69 Ficus benghalensis L. Vad Tree Moraceae √ √ √

70 Ficus religiosa L. Piparo, Piplo Tree Moraceae √ √ √

71 Glinus lotoides L. Okharad Herb Molluginaceae

√ √

72

Gossypium herbaceum

auct. Non L. var.

acerifolium(Guill. & Perr.)

Chevalier

Kapas Shrub Malvaceae √

73 Grangea maderaspatana

(L.) Poir. - Herb Asteraceae

√ √

74 Heliotropium indicum L. Hathi Sundhi Herb Boraginaceae √

√

75 Heliotropium ovalifolium

Forsk. - Herb Boraginaceae √ √ √

76 Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. Jasund,

Jasvanti Shrub Malvaceae

√

77 Holoptelea integrifolia

(Roxb.) Planch. Kanaji Tree Ulmaceae √

√

78 Indigofera linnaei Ali. Bhonygali Herb Fabaceae √

√

79 Ipomoea aquatica Forsk. Nali Ni Bhaji Aquatic

Herb Convolvulaceae

√

80 Ipomoea fistulosa Mart. - Straggling

Shrub Convolvulaceae √ √ √

81 Kirganelia reticulata (Poir.)

Baill. Kamboi Shrub Euphorbiaceae √

√







82 Launaea procumbens

(Roxb.) Ram. & Raj.

Moti Bhoyan

Patri Herb Asteraceae √

√

83 Leucaena latisiliqua (L.)

Wt. & Arn. Liso Bavar Tree Mimosaceae √

√

84 Limonia acidissima L. Kothi, Kotha Tree Rutaceae √

85 Lycopersicon lycopersicum

(L.) Karst.

Tamata,

Tamatu Herb Solanaceae √

√

86 Maerua oblongifolia

(Foeak.) A. Rich. Hemkand

Woody

Twiner Capparaceae √

√

87 Mangifera indica L. Ambo, Keri Tree Anacardiaceae √

√

88 Manilkara zapota (L.) Van

Royen Chiku Tree Sapotaceae √

√

89 Melia azedarach L. Bakani Nim,

Bakanlimdo Tree Meliaceae √

√

90 Mukia maderespatensis

(L.) M. Roem. Ankhfutmani Climber Cucurbitaceae

√

91 Murraya koenigii (L.) Spr. Mitho Limado Small Tree Rutaceae √

√

92 Nerium indicum Mill. Lal Karen Shrub Apocynaceae

√

93 Ocimum Sanctum L. Tulsi Herb Lamiaceae

√

94 Peltophorum pterocarpum

(DC.) Backer ex Heyne Tamrafali Tree Caesalpiniaceae √

√

95 Pennisetum typhoides A.

Rich. Bajri, Bajaro Grass Poaceae √

96 Pergularia daemia (Forsk.) Chamar Twiner Asclepiadaceae √ √ √







Chiov. Dudheli

97 Phyllanthus fraternus

Webst.

Bhoyan

Ringani,

Bhonya Amli

Herb Euphorbiaceae √ √ √

98 Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.)

Thw. Asopalav Tree Annonaceae √

√

99 Portulaca quadrifida L. Pat Luni,

Ziniluni Herb Portulacaceae √

100 Prosopis cineraria (L.)

Druce Khijado Tree Mimosaceae √ √ √

101 Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. Gando Baval Shrub Mimosaceae √ √ √

102 Punica granatum L. Dadam Small Tree Punicaceae √

√

103 Rhynchosia minima (L.) DC.

var. minima

Nahni Kamal

Vel Twiner Fabaceae √

√

104 Ricinus communis L. Divela,

Aranda Shrub Euphorbiaceae √

105 Saccharum offocinarum L. Sherdi Grass Poaceae √

106 Saccharum spontaneum L. Dabh, Kans Grass Poaceae

√ √

107 Salvadora oleoides Decne. Piludi-Mithi Shrub Salvadoraceae √ √ √

108 Salvadora persica L. Piludi-Khari Shrub Salvadoraceae √ √ √

109 Sesbania sesban (L.) Meer.

subsp. sesban var. sesban Ekad, Shevari Shrub Fabaceae √

110 Sida ovata Forsk. - Herb Malvaceae √

√

111 Solanum surattense Burm. Bhoyan Herb Solanaceae √ √ √







f. Ringani

112 Sonchus asper (L.) Hill. Son Chudi Herb Asteraceae √

113 Sorghum halepense (L.)

Pers.

Jangli Juwar,

Baru Grass Poaceae √

√

114 Syzygium cumini (L.) Skells Jambu Tree Myrtaceae √

√

115 Tamarindus indica L. Ambali, Emali Tree Caesalpiniaceae √

√

116 Tecoma stans (L.) H. B. & K. Pili Nim Shrub Bignoniaceae

√

117 Tectona grandis L.f. Sag Tree Verbenaceae

√

118 Tephrosia purpurea (L.)

Pers. Sarpankho Herb Fabaceae

√ √

119 Terminalia catappa L. Desi Badam Tree Combertaceae √

√

120 Thespesia populnea (L.)

Sol. ex Corr. Paras Pimpro Small Tree Malvaceae √

√

121 Tinospora cordifolia

(Willd.) Miers Garo Climber Menispermaceae √

122 Tribulus terrestris L. Gokharu Herb Zygophyllaceae √

√

123 Trichodesma amplexicaule

Roth Undha Fuli Herb Boraginaceae √

√

124 Tridax procumbensi L. Pardeshi

Bhangro Herb Asteraceae √ √ √

125 Triumfetta rhomboidea

Jacq. Zipti

Under

Shrub Tiliaceae √

√

126 Typha angustata Bory. &

Chaub. Gha Bajariu Herb Typhaceae

√







127 Withania somnifera (L.)

Kurz Ashwagandha

Under

Shrub Solanaceae √

128 Xanthium strumarium L. Gadariyu Herb Asteraceae

√ √

129 Zaleya redimita (Melville)

Bhandari var. redimita Bethi Satodi Herb Aizoaceae √ √

130 Zizyphus mauritiana Lam. Mota Bor Small Tree Rhamnaceae √ √ √

TOTAL PLANT SPECIES RECORDED IN EACH HABITAT 104 47 98





3.5 SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

3.5.1 Introduction

Development of projects goes hand in hand with environmental impact hence before

any project is undertaken the damages in relation to the benefits and negative

should be measured. Unfortunately environmental issues are interdisciplinary,

interactive, biological and probabilistic because the information is always deficient;

the outcome has a considerable degree of uncertainty or risk. This conflict between

development and conservation is difficult to reconcile. Environmental baseline,

ecological reconnaissance and environmental impact studies provide databases and

quantitative assessment of environmental factors related to development projects.

Any developmental activity will influence the socioeconomic conditions of the

population in the region and thus the Quality of Life (QOL). Socioeconomic survey is

necessary in EIA/EMP report preparation to predict the changes on social and

economic status of the area. Hence baseline data for demographic characteristics,

education, health, amenities and sensitive locations existing in and around the

project area have been studied in the study area. For the study of socioeconomics 10

km radius around the site is selected.

The study area is agricultural land. The major language is Guajarati, Hindi and English

with an accumulation of different cultures like Hindus, Muslims and the Christians. It

is the center of Gujarati cultural activities and diverse traditions of different ethnic

and religious communities

3.5.2 Socioeconomics

Village/town wise population, households, Occupation and Literacy status have been

collected based on Census, 2011 in the following aspects:

1. Total population 08.Total worker females (main + marginal)

2. Population (0-6 years) 09. Main workers (Persons)

3. Literacy rate (Persons) 10. Marginal workers (Persons)

4. Literacy rate (Males) 11. Main workers (Persons)

5. Literacy rate (Females) 12. Non workers (Persons)

6. Total worker persons (main + marginal) 13. Non workers (Males)

7. Total worker males (main + marginal) 14. Non workers (Females)





3.5.2.1 Households

A 'household' is usually a group of persons who normally live together and take

their meals from a common kitchen unless the exigencies of work prevent any of

them from doing so. Persons in a household may be related or unrelated or a mix of

both. However, if a group of unrelated persons live in a census house but do not

take their meals from the common kitchen, then they are not constituent of a

common household. Each such person was to be treated as separate households.

The important link is finding out whether it was a household or not was a common

kitchen. There may be one member households, two member households or multi-

member households.

There are nearly 5837 households are found in the study area. The list of

Households is given in table 3.5.1.

3.5.2.2 Population

Village/ town wise population composition as per 2011 census is listed in table

3.5.2. The male & female population is 15186 and 14491 respectively. The SC and

ST population from the total population is 12 % & 0.44 % respectively.

The summarized data of population distribution is given in Table 3.5.1 and

represented in Fig 3.5.1.





Table 3.5.1 Population Composition

*As per 2011 census data

S. No.

Sub District

Village name POPULATION SC POPULATION ST

POPULATION

HH T M F T M F T M F

1 Gondal Mungavavdi 186 960 493 467 243 116 127 0 0 0

2 Gondal Ribda 311 1545 785 760 205 103 102 14 10 4

3 Gondal Gundasara 290 1410 707 703 124 66 58 0 0 0

4 Gondal Pipaliya 257 1246 632 614 204 102 102 0 0 0

5 Gondal Bharudi 253 1284 661 623 205 101 104 0 0 0

6 Gondal Daliya 375 2007 1013 994 190 101 89 0 0 0

7 Gondal Valadhari 217 1014 504 510 132 63 69 0 0 0

8 Gondal Hadamatala 437 2222 1136 1086 115 57 58 0 0 0

9 Gondal Lunivav 308 1485 792 693 45 29 16 4 2 2

10 Gondal Sindhavadar 103 569 305 264 22 14 8 28 15 13

11 Gondal Mahika Nana 173 828 423 405 15 9 6 13 4 9

12 Gondal Mahika Mota 240 1117 568 549 24 14 10 20 11 9

13 Gondal Bhunava 201 992 507 485 190 97 93 13 4 9

14 Gondal Biliyala 306 1794 930 864 433 217 216 0 0 0

15 Gondal Shemla 320 1617 821 796 44 13 31 0 0 0

16 Gondal Panchiyavadar 109 654 341 313 108 53 55 0 0 0

17 Gondal Bhojpara 239 1231 644 587 210 107 103 4 2 2

18 Gondal Nagadka 137 724 384 340 115 63 52 36 21 15

19 Gondal Umvada Mota 268 1426 738 688 302 164 138 0 0 0

20 Gondal Umvada Nana 81 434 215 219 102 53 49 0 0 0

21 Kotda Sangani

Navi Mengani 560 2713 1371 1342 342 173 169 0 0 0

22 Kotda Sangani

Juni Mengani 317 1531 776 755 159 72 87 0 0 0

23 Kotda Sangani

Anandpar 149 874 440 434 43 24 19 0 0 0

24 Kotda Sangani

Ardoi 645 3162 1623 1539 560 287 273 3 2 1

25 Kotda Sangani

Kotda Sangani 1680 8292 4238 4054 932 484 448 173

96 77

26 Kotda Sangani

Rajgadh 212 1073 548 525 74 37 37 0 0 0

27 Kotda Sangani

Khareda 368 1873 962 911 491 250 241 0 0 0

28 Morvi Sapar 159 791 405 386 19 8 11 0 0 0

29 Kotda Sangani

Soliya 220 1090 555 535 68 35 33 0 0 0

TOTAL 5837 29677 15186 14491 3572 1811 1761 132 69 63





Fig 3.5.1 Percentage of Total Population distribution

3.5.2.3 Occupational structure

Work is defined as participation in any economically productive activity with or

without compensation, wages or profit. Such participation may be physical and/or

mental in nature. Work involves not only actual work but also includes effective

supervision and direction of work. It even includes part time help or unpaid work

on farm, family enterprise or in any other economic activity. All persons engaged in

'work' as defined above are workers. Persons who are engaged in cultivation or

milk production even solely for domestic consumption are also treated as workers.

Occupational structure is divided in to 3 categories viz., Main workers, Marginal

workers and Non workers.

The distribution data for workers and non workers is given in Table 3.5.2 and Fig.

3.5.2.





Main workers: Those workers who had worked for the major part of the reference

period (i.e. 6 months or more) are termed as Main Workers. There are 16369 total

main workers in this area.

Marginal workers: Those workers who have not worked for the major part of the

reference period (i.e. less than 6 months) are termed as marginal workers. The total

marginal workers are 2522.

Non workers: All workers, i.e., those who have been engaged in some economic

activity during the last one-year, but are not cultivators or agricultural laborers or in

Household Industry, are 'Other-Workers (OW)'. The type of workers that come

under this category of 'OW' include all government servants, municipal employees,

teachers, factory workers, plantation workers, those engaged in trade, commerce,

business, transport banking, mining, construction, political or social work, priests,

entertainment artists, etc. In effect, all those workers other than cultivators or

agricultural laborers or household industry workers are other workers. The total

Non workers are 25186.

Table 3.5.2 Occupational Structure

Sr. No.

Sub District

Village TOTAL WORKER MAINWORKER MARGINAL NON WORKER

T M F T M F T M F T M F

1 Gondal

Mungavavdi 405 302 103 403 301 102 2 1 1 555 191 364

2 Gondal Ribda 475 447 28 433 414 19 42 33 9 1070 338 732

3 Gondal

Gundasara 551 432 119 549 432 117 2 0 2 859 275 584

4 Gondal Pipaliya 487 374 113 482 371 111 5 3 2 759 258 501

5 Gondal

Bharudi 505 383 122 456 351 105 49 32 17 779 278 501

6 Gondal Daliya 984 609 375 675 487 188 309 122 187 1023 404 619

7 Gondal

Valadhari 342 316 26 327 304 23 15 12 3 672 188 484

8 Gondal

Hadamatala 1028 648 380 1026 647 379 2 1 1 1194 488 706

9 Gondal Lunivav 837 450 387 448 392 56 389 58 331 648 342 306

10 Gondal

Sindhavadar 269 165 104 261 159 102 8 6 2 300 140 160

11 Gondal

Mahika Nana 407 263 144 404 262 142 3 1 2 421 160 261

12 Gondal

Mahika Mota 407 344 63 349 306 43 58 38 20 710 224 486

13 Gondal

Bhunava 636 318 318 360 314 46 276 4 272 356 189 167

14 Gondal Biliyala 592 521 71 568 510 58 24 11 13 1202 409 793

15 Gondal Shemla 509 193 316 504 478 26 305 15 290 808 328 480

16 Gondal

Panchiyavadar 192 159 33 191 158 33 1 1 0 462 182 280





17 Gondal

Bhojpara 499 383 116 485 376 109 14 7 7 732 261 471

18 Gondal

Nagadka 240 223 17 184 174 10 56 49 7 484 161 323

19 Gondal

Umvada Mota 560 431 129 559 430 129 1 1 0 866 307 559

20 Gondal

Umvada Nana 178 138 40 176 138 38 2 0 2 256 77 179

21

Kotda Sangani

Navi Menga

ni 1188 836 352 961 816 145 227 20 207 1525 535 990

22

Kotda Sangani

Juni Menga

ni 778 496 282 774 495 279 4 1 3 753 280 473

23 Kotda

Sangani Anandp

ar 254 231 23 218 213 5 36 18 18 620 209 411

24 Kotda

Sangani Ardoi

1232 1001 231 1140 952 188 92 49 43 1930 622 1308

25 Kotda

Sangani Kotda

Sangani 3553 2536 1017 3235 2424 811 318 112 206 4739 1702 3037

26 Kotda

Sangani Rajgad

h 631 353 278 485 347 138 146 6 140 442 195 247

27 Kotda

Sangani Khared

a 852 542 310 716 516 200 136 26 110 1021 420 601

28 Morvi Sapar 303 224 79 287 211 76 16 13 3 488 181 307

29 Kotda

Sangani Soliya

430 332 98 428 331 97 2 1 1 660 223 437

TOTAL 18591 13094 5497 16369 12767 3602 2522 627 1895 25186 9163 16023

*As per 2011 census data.

Fig 3.5.2 Distribution of Workers





3.5.2.4 Literacy

A person aged 7 years and above who can both read and write with understanding

any language has been taken as literate. It is not necessary for a person to have

received any formal education or passed any minimum educational standard for

being treated as literate. People who were blind and could read in Braille are

treated to be literates. A person, who can only read but cannot write, is treated as

illiterate. All children of age 6 years or less, even if going to school and have picked

up reading and writing, are treated as illiterates.

The total number of literates and illiterates are 31343 and 12574 respectively

(Table 3.5.3 and Fig.3.5.3.)

Table 3.5.3 Literacy status

*As per 2011 census data.

Sr. No.

Sub District Village Literate Illiterate

T M F T M F

1 Gondal Mungavavdi 723 406 317 237 87 150

2 Gondal Ribda 1126 616 510 419 169 250

3 Gondal Gundasara 1151 593 558 259 114 145

4 Gondal Pipaliya 857 477 380 389 155 234

5 Gondal Bharudi 943 518 425 341 143 198

6 Gondal Daliya 1407 768 639 640 245 395

7 Gondal Valadhari 473 377 96 341 127 214

8 Gondal Hadamatala 1729 931 798 493 205 288

9 Gondal Lunivav 1173 660 513 312 132 180

10 Gondal Sindhavadar 414 240 174 155 65 90

11 Gondal Mahika Nana 650 355 295 178 68 110

12 Gondal Mahika Mota 747 430 317 370 138 232

13 Gondal Bhunava 727 406 321 265 101 164

14 Gondal Biliyala 1385 745 640 409 185 224

15 Gondal Shemla 1025 544 481 592 277 315

16 Gondal Panchiyavadar 501 274 227 153 67 86

17 Gondal Bhojpara 713 407 306 518 237 281

18 Gondal Nagadka 518 303 215 206 81 125

19 Gondal Umvada Mota 978 546 432 448 192 256

20 Gondal Umvada Nana 296 162 134 138 53 85

21 Kotda

Sangani Navi Mengani

1910 1036 874 803 335 468

22 Kotda

Sangani Juni Mengani

1108 594 514 423 182 241

23 Kotda

Sangani Anandpar

549 306 243 325 134 191

24 Kotda

Sangani Ardoi

2298 1242 1056 864 381 483





25 Kotda

Sangani Kotda Sangani

5758 3148 2610 2534 1090 1444

26 Kotda

Sangani Rajgadh

864 467 397 209 81 128

27 Kotda

Sangani Khareda

1320 726 594 553 236 317

28 Morvi Sapar 472 277 195 447 319 128

29 Kotda

Sangani Soliya

738 404 334 352 151 201

Total 31343 17277 14066 12574 5280 7294

Fig 3.5.3 Literacy levels

3.5.3 Amenities

Education, Medical, Water availability, Post & Telegraph, Communication, Banking

facilities and Power supply are considered for the study. Village wise list of amenities

are given in table 3.5.4 (as per 2001 Census).





Table No 3.5.4 Basic Amenities detail for study villages covered in 10 km radius (As per

census 2011*)

Sr

No Village

Drinking

Water

Power

Supply

Educational

Facilities

Medical

Approach

to Village

Post,

Telegraph

and

Telephone

Communication

DISTRICT : (RAJKOT)

1 Mungavavdi HP W

EA P

C(10+)

H(10+) MCW(10+) PHC(10+)

PR PO(<5

) PH(4)

BS RS(10+)

2 Ribda HP W

EA P

C(10+)

PHS H(10+)

MCW(10+) PHC(10+)

PR FP PO

PH(5) BS RS

3 Gundasara HP W

EA P

C(10+)

H(10+) MCW(10+) PHC(10+)

PR PO PH

BS RS(<5)

4 Pipaliya HP W

EA P

C(10+)

PHS PHC(10+)

H(10+) MCW(10+)

PR PO

PH(5) BS

RS(10+)

5 Bharudi HP W

EA P

C(10+)

PHC(10+) H(10+)

MCW(10+)

PR PO(2) PH(10

+)

BS RS(10+)

6 Daliya

T HP W

EA P

C(10+)

PHS PHC(10+)

H(10+) MCW(10+)

PR MR

PO PH(10

)

BS RS(10+)

7 Valadhari

T HP W

EA

P C(10+)

PHS PHC(10+)

H(10+) MCW(10+)

CHW FWC

PR

PO PH(<5

)

BS RS(10+)

8 Hadamatala HP W

EA P

C(10+)

PHC(10+) H(10+)

MCW(<5)

PR PO PH(40

)

BS RS(10+)

9 Lunivav

T HP W

EA P

C(10+)

PHC(10+) H(10+)

MCW(10+)

PR PO

PH(3) BS

RS(10+)

10 Sindhavadar HP W

EA P C(10+)

TR

H(10+) MCW(10+) PHC(10+)

PR PO(<5)

PH

BS RS(10+)

11 Mahika

Nana

HP TW W

EA P

C(10+)

CHW PHC(10) H(10+)

MCW(10+)

PR PO

PH(2) BS

RS(10+)

12 Mahika Mota

HP W

EA P S

C(10+)

PHS MCW(105)

H(10+)

PR FP

PO(<5)

PH(<5

BS RS(10+)





PHC(10+) )

13 Bhunava

T HP W

EA P

C(10+)

PHS MCW(10+)

H(10+) PHC(10+)

PR MR FP

PO PH(5)

BS RS(10+)

14 Biliyala HP W

EA P

C(<5)

H(<5) MCW(<5) PHC(<5)

PR MR FP

PO PH(2)

BS RS(<5)

15 Shemla

T HP W

EA

P C(10+)

CHW H(10+)

MCW(10+) PHC(10+)

PR MR FP

PO PH(2)

BS RS

16 Panchiyava

dar

HP W

EA P

C(10+)

H(10+) MCW(10+) PHC(10+)

PR MR FP

PO(6) PH(10

+)

BS RS(10+)

17 Bhojpara HP W

EA P

C(<5)

H(<5) MCW(<5) PHC(<5)

PR MR FP

PO PH(6)

BS RS(<5)

18 Nagadka HP W

EA P

C(<5)

H(<5) MCW(<5) PHC(10+)

MR FP

PO(<5)

PH(9)

BS RS(<5)

19 Umvada

Mota

T HP W

TW

EA

P C(10+)

H(<5) MCW(10+)

PHC(<5)

PR MR PO(5)

PH(<5)

BS RS(10+)

20 Umvada

Nana

HP W

EA P

C(10+)

H(10+) MCW(10+) PHC(10+)

PR MR FP

PO(<5)

PH(4)

BS RS(10+)

21 Navi

Mengani

T HP W TK O

EA

P(2) S

C(10+)

MCW CWC HC

PHC PHS TB

RMP CHW

PR MR FP

PO PH

BS RS(10+)

22 Juni

Mengani

HP W TK

EA

P C(10+)

TB CHW(2) H(10+)

MCW(10+) PHC(<5)

MR PO(<5

) PH(10

)

BS RS(10+)

23 Anandpar HP W O

EA

P C(10+)

TB H(10+)

MCW(5-10) CHW

PHC(10+)

MR PO(5-

10) PH

BS RS(10+)

24 Ardoi

HP W T O

EA

P C(10+)

PHS FWC TB

RMP CHW

H(10+) MCW(5-10)

PHC(10+)

PR

PO PH(35

)

BS RS(<5)





25 Kotda

Sangani

HP T W O

EA

P(3) S

PUC C(10+)

MCW PHS(2) FWC TB

RMP CHW

H(10+) PHC(10+)

O

PR MR FP PO

TO PTO

PH(250)

BS RS(10+)

26 Rajgadh

T C O

EA

P C(10+)

MCW CWC FWC TB

RMP CHW(2) H(10+)

MCW(<5) PHC(5-10)

PR MR FP

PO PH(15

)

BS RS(10+)

27 Khareda

HP W T

TK O

EA

P C(10+)

PHS TB

H(10+) MCW(<5) PHC(<5)

PR PO(<5

) PH(30

)

BS RS(10+)

28 Sapar HP W

EA

P C(10+)

PHS TB

H(10+) MCW(<5) PHC(10+)

PR MR PO

PH(10)

BS RS(10+)

29 Soliya

HP T W O

EA

P C(10+)

TB H(10+)

MCW(10+) PHC(10+)

PR MR

PO(<5)

PH(30)

BS RS(10+)

Drinking Water:

T -Tap Water

TK -Tank Water

TW -Tube Well Water

HP -Hand Pump

R -River Water

O -others

W -well water

C -Canal

L -Lake

Educational:

P -Primary School

C -College

M -Middle school

H -High School

Transportation:

BS-Bus RS-Railway Station

Approach to Village:

PR-Paved Road MR-Mud Road

FP-Foot Path

Power Supply:

EA-Electricity for all purposes

Post, Telegraph and Telephone:

PO - Post Office

PH - Telephone Connection





PUC -senior secondary school

S - Higher secondary school

Medical:

H -Allopathic Hospital

PHC -Primary Health Center

PHS -Primary Health Sub-Center

CHW -Community Health Worker

MCW -Maternity & Child Welfare

FWC -Family welfare center

D -Dispensary

H -Hospital

HD -Homeopathic Dispensary

TB -T.B.Clinic





Fig. 3.5.4 Photograph showing Socio-Economic Data Collection

3.5.4 Site Specific Studies

The following site specific studies have been conducted in order to study the present

Socio- Economic conditions prevailing around the plant site for the establishment of

an interactive environment between the residents of the area with the proponent

which would be helpful for the proponent for the assessment of the required

developments of the area.

This study was carried out by looking and maintaining a good understanding of that

locality as well as their socio-Economic status which can help in the assessment of

their Socio-Economic status, Costumes, Requirements for the development etc. For

such benefits the following site study has been conducted.

3.5.5 Organization and Manpower

In any commercial manufacturing company, it is very important to have a proper

organization. This is more so in case the manufacturing involves various processes

and different technical disciplines.

M/s. Swastik Laminates is a proposed plant in Gujarat. Management control and

areas of responsibility should be well defined. Hence, for the purpose of this report,

the organization required for proposed plant, after commissioning of the new

facilities, has been considered. Manpower requirements have been assessed keeping





in view the degree of automation & computerization envisaged, minimum paper

work, round the clock operations etc. The total requirement is 60 consisting of 50

Local employees for the execution of work.

3.5.6 Impacts of the proposed project

The industry will provide direct and indirect Employment for many of the local

population. It will create employment (6)0 and helps to improve the social status of

the local community.

No Rehabilitation or land acquisition is needed for this industry. This project is not

expected to generate any significant public controversy. Workers including casual

workers such as truck drivers will be provided with basic amenities like safe water

supply, low cost sanitation facilities, first aid, required personal protective

equipments, etc. Workers will also be provided with sufficient infrastructural

facilities including drinking water, toilets, sanitation facilities, power, easily

accessible approach roads, communication, etc.

Moreover unit would be carrying out CSR activities in nearby villages in the field of

public health and green belt development; which would contribute to improvements

of the public health in the region to some extent. Other impacts of the proposed

project are:

Any industrial growth will improve economic status of the people either

directly or indirectly.

Creation of employment generation is an another positive impact anticipated

from this plant

The development of infrastructure (roads, lighting etc) may not only helpful for

transportation but also to improve aesthetic value of the site.

The proposed green belt plan also generates some employment (labor for

plantation development) and provide hygienic environment.

Non- workers comprises of 85 % of the total population in the study area. This

intense unemployment fate can be for extent can be reduced.

Labour quarters will be provided for workers in operation phase of plant.

A slight increase in traffic during construction would result as workers arrive and

depart the site and as materials and equipment are delivered. This temporary traffic

increase would represent only small fluctuations within the normal range.





3.6 TRAFFIC SURVEY

Traffic counts are important to calculate the existing and proposed load on the existing

road due to upcoming Project.

Project site is to be located on internal road of village. Unit will use the road passing at

the project site from Bhunava Village which further connects to National Highway 27.

Thus, traffic survey has been carried out for the route from N.H. 27 to Bhunava village &

traffic on N.H. 27. Studied route is shown in figure below:

= Route A = Traffic on N.H. 27

= Route B = Traffic from N.H. 27 to Bhunava village

Fig. 3.6.1 Image showing Traffic Surveying Location

A

B

A

B





Details regarding the traffic survey are:

Traffic counts were collected and recorded in 4 hours intervals.

Morning period (peak hours) survey was carried out from 10.00-14.00 hrs.

Evening period (peak hours) survey was carried out from 16:00 to 20:00 hrs.

Traffic counts observed during the above survey are tabulated below;

Table 3.6.1: Traffic count Table

Type of Vehicles

Route-1 N H 27 Route-2 N.H. 27 to Bhunava village

Timings of Survey (hrs) Timings of Survey (hrs)

02-12-2016 02-12-2016

10.00-14.00 (4 hr)

16.00-20.00 (4 hr)

10.00-14.00 (4 hr)

16.00-20.00 (4 hr)

Large Trailer 85 73 2 3

Heavy (Bus, Truck, etc) 48 52 1 2

Medium (Tractors, light commercial vehicles etc) 30 25 6 8

Light (Car, Jeep, Pickup Van etc.) 185 160 4 6

3 Wheeler (Rickshaw) 79 63 2 3

2 Wheeler (Scooter, motorcycle, cycle etc) 225 260 12 17

chapter - 1 · the cost of proposed resin unit is approximately rs. 1.25 crore. proposed unit will...

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