chapter 1 vocabulary
TRANSCRIPT
science
organized way of using
evidence to learn about
the natural world; also,
the body of knowledge
that scientists have built
up after years of using
this process
science
observation
observation
use of one or more of
the senses—sight,
hearing, touch, smell,
and sometimes
taste—to gather
information
data
data
evidence; information
gathered from
observations
inference
inference
logical interpretation
based on prior
knowledge and
experience
hypothesis
hypothesispossible explanation
for a set of
observations or
possible answer to a
scientific question
OR
an educated guess
Spontaneous
generation
Spontaneous
generationhypothesis
(disproven) stating
that life could arise
from nonliving matter
controlled
experiment
controlled
experimenta test of the effect of a
single variable by
changing it while
keeping all other
variables the same
manipulated
variable
manipulated
variablefactor in an
experiment that a
scientist purposely
changes; also known
as independent
variable
responding
variable
responding
variablefactor in an
experiment that a
scientist wants to
observe, which may
change in response to
the manipulated
variable; also known
as a dependent
theory
theory
well-tested
explanation that
unifies a broad range
of observations
biology
biology
science that seeks to
understand the living
world
cell
cell
collection of living
matter enclosed by a
barrier that separates
the cell from its
surroundings; basic
unit of all forms of life
sexual
reproduction
sexual
reproductionprocess by which cells
from two different
parents unite to
produce the first cell
of a new organism
asexual
reproduction
asexual
reproductionprocess by which a
single parent
reproduces by itself
metabolism
metabolism
set of chemical
reactions through
which an organism
builds up or breaks
down materials as it
carries out its life
processes
stimulus
stimulus
a signal to which an
organism responds
homeostasis
homeostasis
process by which
organisms maintain a
relatively stable
internal environment
metric system
metric systemdecimal system of
measurement based
on certain physical
standards and scaled
on multiples of 10
microscope
microscopedevice that produces
magnified images of
structures that are too
small to see with the
unaided eye
compound
light
microscope
compound
light
microscopemicroscope that
allows light to pass
through a specimen
and uses two lenses
to form an image
Electron
microscope
Electron
microscopemicroscope that forms
an image by focusing
beams of electrons
onto a specimen
cell culture
cell culturegroup of cells grown
in a nutrient solution
from a single original
cell
cell
fractionation
cell
fractionationtechnique in which
cells are broken into
pieces and the
different cell parts are
separated