Chapter 10

Integumentary System (Skin) Skin: 3 Layers

1. Epidermis Thickness varies based on region Stratified Squamous epithelium

Many flat layers of cells Basal (Bottom Layer) produces new cells,

oldest cells on top layer of skin. Dead skin cells are “shed” (dander)

Keratin= water proofing quality Melanin (coloring), Albinism = absence of

coloring

Integumentary System (Skin)

Skin: 3 Layers 2. Dermis / Corium

Blood and lymph vessels Nerve fibers (pain!) Accessory organs Connecting Tissue

Fibroblasts, collagen, histiocytes, mast cells, histamine, heparin, perception

Integumentary System (Skin)

Skin: 3 Layers 3. Sub Q / hypodermis

Connective tissue Fat

Adipocytes = fat cells that produce lipids

Skin: Appendages Glands Hair, wool, fur Feathers Scales Claws, hooves, nails Beaks Horns/ Antlers

Horns: grow continuously Antlers: Shed each season Cornification: Skin->

horns/keratin

Vestigial Appendages Vestigial: rudimentary structures, seldom

used for survival, “left overs” from evolution

Dewclaws: rudimentary bones Dogs: Digits 2 and 4

Front and back legs. Back dew claw normally removes

Chestnuts: medial surface of (horse) legs Ergots: tuft of hair on the fetlock joint

Common Procedures Biopsy: removal of LIVING tissue for

examination Incisional Excisional: removal of entire tumor

Culture: growing microbes in a predetermined media for study

Skin Scrape: microscopic examination of the skin for presence of mites

Intradermal Testing: injection of test substances under the skin to test for body reaction (allergies)

Common Procedures

Cauterization: destruction of tissue using electrical current/heat/ chemicals

Lance: open to allow for drainage

Common Ailments Abrasion: superficial cut Abscess: localized collection of pus Alopecia: abnormal hair loss(bald spots)

Shedding: normal hair loss

Contusion: Bruise Dermatitis: inflammation

Allergies, fleas

Mange: skin disease caused by mites Ulcers (decubical): sores , bed sores

Lesions

Surface Lesions Raised and discolored Papule, macule, scale, wheal, plaque,

patch, crust

Fluid-Filled lesions Cyst, pustule, vesicle, bulla

Erosive Ulcer, fissure

Needle Activity : Wednesday

Activities Review Depict (YOU MUST DRAW IT)

skin layers and anatomy Include a Hair follicle it must be colored and

labeled (like the one on this ppt) Types of Hair

Give examples of/ on animals Example: What type of hair are whiskers?

Draw examples of the types of injections Intramuscular, SubQ, Intravenous,Cyntesis Know what/when they are used