Chapter 10

LEADERSHIP

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Types of Power

1. Legitimate (authentic right)2. Reward (control of valuable rewards)3. Coercive (control over punishments)4. Expert (based on job knowledge)5. Referent (based on loyalty to leader)6. Subordinate (power exerted upward)

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Influence Tactics

1. Leading by example

2. Leading by values

3. Assertiveness4. Rationalilty

(appealing to logic and reason)

5. Ingratiation6. Exchange of

favors7. Coalition

formation (strength in numbers)

8. Joking and kidding

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Leadership Characteristics and Traits

1. Drive and passion2. Power motive3. Self-confidence with humility4. Trustworthiness and honesty5. Intelligence, knowledge, and

technical competence6. Sense of humor7. Emotional intelligence

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Behaviors and Skills of Effective Leaders

1. Adaptability to the situation2. Direction and high work standards3. Visible and maintains social presence4. Emotional support to group members5. Gives frequent feedback; accepts it6. Recovers quickly from setbacks7. Plays the role of servant leader

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Leadership Styles Participative (consultative, consensus,

or democratic) Autocratic (retains most of authority) Leadership Grid® (seven combinations

of concern for results and people)Ideal Grid position is sound leader who contributes and commits. Opportunistic leader exploits and manipulates.

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Situational Leadership®II Matches leadership style to level of

commitment and competence of group members on given task.

Leadership depends on supporting and directing behaviors, with four styles:S1—Directing S2—CoachingS3—Supporting S4—Delegating

Delegating style is best for self-reliant achiever

3 2

4 1

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Entrepreneurial Style Leader

Strong achievement drive (takes responsibility and moderate risks)

High enthusiasm, creativity, and visionary perspective

Uncomfortable with hierarchy and bureaucracy

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Transformational Leadership Helps organization and people make

positive changes Transformations take place in one or

more of three ways:a. Awareness of value of rewardsb. Gets people to look beyond self-

interestc. Gets people to focus on self-fulfillment

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Qualities ofCharismatic Leader

1. Vision (exciting image of future)

2. Masterful communication style3. Inspires trust4. Energy and action orientation5. Inspiring leadership

(emotionally arouses people)

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How to Develop Charisma

1. Use visioning.2. Make frequent use of metaphors.3. Inspire trust and confidence.4. Be energetic and goal oriented.5. Smile frequently.6. Make people you meet feel important.7. Have an effective handshake.8. Project self-confidence nonverbally.

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The Leader as Mentor and Coach Mentor is more experienced than

the person who is helped to grow. Coaching focuses more on

performance. Mentor is trusted counselor and

guide. Helps protégé solve problems. Shadowing is directly observing

work activities of mentor.

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Leadership Skills

Leadership involves many skills, such as:

Technical and interpersonal Sizing up situations Exerting influence Motivating team members Resolving conflict Solving problems