Chapter 10 – Sectional Conflict IntensifiesSection 1 – Slavery and Western Expansion

President Polk sees trouble coming.*How?Wilmot Proviso – proposed in Congress – any territory gained from Mexican war = NO SLAVERY

** DOES NOT PASS **

popular sovereignty – (*What does this mean???)citizens of new territories decide slavery question

Why did Congress prefer the idea of popular sovereignty?

-California is admitted as a free state-Congress promises strong federal enforcement of Fugitive Slave Act

Compromise of 1850(thanks to Stephen A. Douglas of IL) – split a bill presented by Henry Clay that would ease North-South tensions

Benefit for the North Concession to the SouthCalifornia enters as free state Mexican territory = no slavery

restrictionsNew Mexico/Texas border settled in favor of New Mexico

Federal government assumes Texas’ war debts

Outlaw slave trade in Washington DC

Did not completely outlaw slavery

Congress cannot mess with domestic slave trade

Strict enforcement of Fugitive Slave Act

Compromise of 1850

Section 2 – Mounting ViolenceThe Fugitive Slave Act• an African American only had to be pointed out to be a runaway

slave to be arrested• no right to a trial

**Why would this upset the Northerners?

The North’s response??

The Underground Railroad

http://youtu.be/nQ2Kbk4QTGUHarriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad 8:22

http://youtu.be/XmsNGrkbHm4Harriet Tubman Biography

Assignment:p. 324 #1, 2, 3, 4p. 331 #1, 2, 4, 5

Section 3President Buchanan suggests the Supreme Court decide on slavery

Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)• Dred Scott was a slave in Missouri• owner took him to live in a free

territory then back to Missouri• Scott sued his owner for his

freedom arguing that his time spent in free territory meant he was free

• Supreme Court ruled against Scott saying African Americans were not citizens, but property, and therefore could not sue in court

• Court added that it was unconstitutional to prohibit slavery in new territories

Lincoln and Douglas Debates in Illinois

Lincoln Douglas Debates – Eric Foner 2:06

*Why were the debates important nationally?

*At the time, which candidate was the most influential? Why?

Section 4 – Lincoln elected President – 1860

Check out the map on p. 341 – do any of the vote totals surprise you?

Secession - actually begins before Lincoln takes officeBy Feb. 1, 1861 – 7 southern states have seceded (led by South Carolina)

Lincoln takes office

War begins

Four more states secede