Chapter 10Chapter 10

United StatesUnited States

United StatesUnited States

Country nameCountry name: : United States of America, United States

CapitalCapital: Washington, DC: Washington, DC LocationLocation: : North America, bordering

both the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Pacific Ocean, between Canada and Mexico

Border countriesBorder countries: : Canada, Mexico

Government typeGovernment type: : Constitution-based federal republic

Administrative divisionsAdministrative divisions: 50 states : 50 states and 1 district; District of Columbiaand 1 district; District of Columbia

PopulationPopulation: : 290,342,554 (July (July 2003 est.) 2003 est.)

LanguagesLanguages: : English, Spanish (spoken by a sizable minority)

ReligionsReligions: : Protestant 56%, Roman Catholic 28%, Jewish 2%, other 4%, none 10%

GDP – per capitaGDP – per capita: : purchasing power purchasing power parity - parity - $36,300 (2002 est.) (2002 est.) (2nd in (2nd in the world after Luxembourg) the world after Luxembourg)

IndustriesIndustries: : leading industrial power in the world, highly diversified and technologically advanced; petroleum, steel, motor vehicles, aerospace, telecommunications, chemicals, electronics, food processing, consumer goods, lumber, mining

CurrencyCurrency: : US dollar (USD) (CIA, (CIA, World Fact Book)World Fact Book)

Important FactsImportant Facts

One of the top destinations in the worldOne of the top destinations in the world 41,9 million international tourist arrivals 41,9 million international tourist arrivals

(3(3rd rd after France and Spain) after France and Spain) 66,5 international tourism receipts (the 66,5 international tourism receipts (the

highest in the world) (WTO, 2003)highest in the world) (WTO, 2003) CoastlineCoastline: : 19,924 km TerrainTerrain: : vast central plain, mountains

in west, hills and low mountains in east; rugged mountains and broad river valleys in Alaska; rugged, volcanic topography in Hawaii

ClimateClimate: : mostly temperate, but tropical in Hawaii and Florida, arctic in Alaska, semiarid in the great plains west of the Mississippi River, and arid in the Great Basin of the southwest; low winter temperatures in the northwest are ameliorated occasionally in January and February by warm chinook winds from the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains (CIA, World Fact Book(CIA, World Fact Book

Selling PointsSelling Points

Historical sites, world-class museums, Historical sites, world-class museums, Boston, vibrant nightlife, beaches and Boston, vibrant nightlife, beaches and resorts, New York City, Manhattan, The resorts, New York City, Manhattan, The Statue of Liberty, Broadway, Niagara Falls, Statue of Liberty, Broadway, Niagara Falls, country music and blues, Orlando and the country music and blues, Orlando and the Disney theme parks, Mardi Gras, skiing, Disney theme parks, Mardi Gras, skiing, Florida, Miami, Chicago, Native American Florida, Miami, Chicago, Native American history and culture, lakes, outdoor activities, history and culture, lakes, outdoor activities, spectacular scenery, Waikiki, national parks, spectacular scenery, Waikiki, national parks, mountains and deserts, casino gambling, mountains and deserts, casino gambling, Las Vegas, California. Las Vegas, California.

Brief HistoryBrief History

Britain's American colonies broke with the mother country in 1776 and were recognised as the new nation of the United States of America following the Treaty of Paris in 1783.

During the 19th and 20th centuries, 37 new states were added to the original 13 as the nation expanded across the North American continent and acquired a number of overseas possessions.

The two most traumatic experiences in the nation's history were the Civil War (1861-65) and the Great Depression of the 1930s.

New England

BostonBoston

State capital of Massachusetts one of the oldest cities in US; founded in

1630 named as “Cradle of Liberty” - led the

American colonies in their struggle for independence home to many leading colleges and universities

including Harvard university and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

abundance of restaurants, especially for seafood abundance of restaurants, especially for seafood loverslovers

many theatres, Boston Symphony many theatres, Boston Symphony Orchestra, Boston BalletOrchestra, Boston Ballet

New England AquariumNew England Aquarium John F. Kennedy Library and MuseumJohn F. Kennedy Library and Museum Museum of Fine Arts with a rich Museum of Fine Arts with a rich

collection of impressionists and collection of impressionists and Egyptian collectionEgyptian collection

Washington, DCWashington, DC

A sophisticated, world-class city with top-notch entertainment and fine restaurants Smithsonian Institutions Museums (many

museums each devoted to a different area of interest or study - natural history, US history, air and space)

U. S. Capitol (towering rotunda, the Statuary Hall and the famous reception room of the Senate. Most congressional hearings are open to the public)

National Gallery of Art (one of the world’s premier art museums - surrounded by Rembrandts)

Lincoln Memorial (the sculpture of seated Lincoln, inside wall engraved with Lincoln’s speech)

Jefferson Memorial (a dome and colonnaded white-marble rotunda, the statue of Jefferson)

White House (visitors can take a brief free public tour, Oval Office or presidential living quarters are close to visitors)

New YorkNew York

A vibrant metropolis that has something for everyone every hour of the day

It is divided into 5 parts (boroughs), most visitors spend all their time in Manhattan

Some buildings and street names are famous to those who never go there (e.g. Wall Street, 5th avenue)

Famous for evening entertainment and most trendiest clubs and discos of the nation

Times SquareTimes Square

Statue of LibertyStatue of Liberty

Ellis Island - Museum of ImmigrationEllis Island - Museum of Immigration

Wall Street Wall Street

Brooklyn BridgeBrooklyn Bridge

ChinatownChinatown

Little ItalyLittle Italy

SohoSoho

The Empire State Building (observation deck)

The Chrysler Building (art deco The Chrysler Building (art deco architecture)architecture)

Grand Central Station (one of the nation’s Grand Central Station (one of the nation’s great public spaces)great public spaces)

Rockefeller Center ( home to restaurants, Rockefeller Center ( home to restaurants, ice-skating rink, gigantic Christmas tree)ice-skating rink, gigantic Christmas tree)

Broadway (theatrical extravaganzas)Broadway (theatrical extravaganzas)

Carnegie Hall Carnegie Hall

Lincoln Center (home to the Metropolitan Lincoln Center (home to the Metropolitan Opera, the New York Philharmonic and Opera, the New York Philharmonic and American Ballet Theater)American Ballet Theater)

Museum of Modern ArtMuseum of Modern Art

Central ParkCentral Park

the American Museum of Natural History the American Museum of Natural History (one of the world’s greatest museums)(one of the world’s greatest museums)

the Guggenheim Museum the Guggenheim Museum

the Metropolitan Museum of Art the Metropolitan Museum of Art

Harlem (African-American community)Harlem (African-American community)

Manhattan IslandManhattan Island

Brooklyn (Botanic Gardens, Brooklyn Brooklyn (Botanic Gardens, Brooklyn Museum of Art, Brooklyn Heights)Museum of Art, Brooklyn Heights)

Yankee Stadium (in Bronx)Yankee Stadium (in Bronx)

Long Island (Jones Beach - a popular Long Island (Jones Beach - a popular recreation area, Hamptons - summer recreation area, Hamptons - summer homes of rich and famous)homes of rich and famous)

Niagara FallsNiagara Falls

One of the world’s most famous One of the world’s most famous tourist sightstourist sights

falls are 55-m-high on the border of falls are 55-m-high on the border of the U.S. and Canadathe U.S. and Canada

combination of natural wonder and combination of natural wonder and commercial tackiness commercial tackiness

a destination for honeymoonersa destination for honeymooners

Florida is the sunshine state and one Florida is the sunshine state and one of the top tourist destinationsof the top tourist destinations

the state offers hundreds of miles of the state offers hundreds of miles of gorgeous beaches, theme parksgorgeous beaches, theme parks

among the most famous cities of among the most famous cities of Florida are Miami and OrlandoFlorida are Miami and Orlando

Florida StateFlorida State

MiamiMiami

An international city, with ethnic An international city, with ethnic diversitydiversity Bayside MarketplaceBayside Marketplace Little Havana (sidewalk vendors, Little Havana (sidewalk vendors,

restaurants, Cuban-American restaurants, Cuban-American atmosphere)atmosphere)

Art Deco District (hottest restaurant Art Deco District (hottest restaurant and clubs in the U.S)and clubs in the U.S)

OrlandoOrlando

One of the top tourist destinations in the One of the top tourist destinations in the worldworld

closely associated with Walt Disney Worldclosely associated with Walt Disney World Magic Kingdom (best known theme park, Magic Kingdom (best known theme park,

especially appealing to families with children)especially appealing to families with children) TomorrowlandTomorrowland Adventureland Adventureland Disney - MGM StudiosDisney - MGM Studios EPCOT complex (Future World, World Showcase)EPCOT complex (Future World, World Showcase) Animal Kingdom Animal Kingdom

Universal Studios Escape Universal Studios Escape Jurassic ParkJurassic Park Lost ContinentLost Continent Roller CoastersRoller Coasters Sea WorldSea World Splendid ChinaSplendid China

Kennedy Space Center (the launch Kennedy Space Center (the launch site of all U.S. manned space flights site of all U.S. manned space flights since the early 1960s)since the early 1960s) rocket displaysrocket displays moon rock specimens moon rock specimens

New OrleansNew Orleans

State of LouisianaState of Louisiana Louisiana’s party townLouisiana’s party town place for gambling on casino river place for gambling on casino river

boats.boats. French Quarter -Vieux Carre (a mix French Quarter -Vieux Carre (a mix

of clubs, souvenir shops, of clubs, souvenir shops, restaurants, antique stores, beautiful restaurants, antique stores, beautiful homes, bars, voodoo vendors)homes, bars, voodoo vendors)

Mt. Rushmore National Mt. Rushmore National MemorialMemorial

located in the Black Hills, South located in the Black Hills, South DakotaDakota

The likenesses of four US presidents The likenesses of four US presidents – Washington, Jefferson, Lincoln, and – Washington, Jefferson, Lincoln, and Theodore Roosevelt carved into this Theodore Roosevelt carved into this mountainmountain

18 meter tall18 meter tall

ChicagoChicago

State of Illinois a city at the coast of Lake Michigana city at the coast of Lake Michigan renown for its architecture, art, world-class renown for its architecture, art, world-class

museumsmuseums Chicago is where the skyscraper was born. Chicago is where the skyscraper was born.

It boosts some of the tallest buildings in It boosts some of the tallest buildings in the world (e.g. Sears Tower). They have the world (e.g. Sears Tower). They have observation decksobservation decks

cruise tours on Lake Michigan or Chicago cruise tours on Lake Michigan or Chicago River.River.

Art Institute of Chicago (home to one of the Art Institute of Chicago (home to one of the best collections of impressionist paintings best collections of impressionist paintings outside the Louvre) outside the Louvre)

Museum of Science (coal mine tour, Museum of Science (coal mine tour, submarine tour)submarine tour)

Field Museum of Natural HistoryField Museum of Natural History Adler PlanetariumAdler Planetarium Astronomy MuseumAstronomy Museum Shedd AquariumShedd Aquarium OceanariumOceanarium Theatre shows, traditional musicals, Theatre shows, traditional musicals,

Chicago SymphonyChicago Symphony Blues and folk-music clubsBlues and folk-music clubs

Jay Leno and Jerry Seinfeld performed Jay Leno and Jerry Seinfeld performed in Zanies comedy clubin Zanies comedy club

huge sculptures by Chagall, Picasso and huge sculptures by Chagall, Picasso and Calder stand in the city’s plazas.Calder stand in the city’s plazas.

Los AngelesLos Angeles

State of CaliforniaState of California city of a rich culturecity of a rich culture

Watts Towers (made of discarded steel, Watts Towers (made of discarded steel, cement, tile and whatever else came along)cement, tile and whatever else came along)

Chinatown, Little Tokyo, Koreatown, the Chinatown, Little Tokyo, Koreatown, the Jewish traditions of Fairfax, South Central Jewish traditions of Fairfax, South Central with an African-American culture, Latino with an African-American culture, Latino flavor of Olvera Streetflavor of Olvera Street

Malibu (for surfing and beaches, also home Malibu (for surfing and beaches, also home to many movie stars)to many movie stars)

Santa Monica (haven for shoppers)Santa Monica (haven for shoppers) Venice Beach (carnival-like atmosphere, roller Venice Beach (carnival-like atmosphere, roller

skaters, body builders and street performers)skaters, body builders and street performers) Beverly HillsBeverly Hills Rodeo Drive (exclusive boutiques)Rodeo Drive (exclusive boutiques) Getty Center (a complex with five pavilions of Getty Center (a complex with five pavilions of

paintings, sculpture, decorative art, furniture, paintings, sculpture, decorative art, furniture, illuminated manuscripts and photography; illuminated manuscripts and photography; gardens)gardens)

Hollywood (Hollywood walk of fame with 2000 Hollywood (Hollywood walk of fame with 2000 star-shaped plaques embedded in the side-walk)star-shaped plaques embedded in the side-walk)

Universal StudiosUniversal Studios Anaheim (a suburb of Los Angeles with Anaheim (a suburb of Los Angeles with

Disneyland) Disneyland)

San FranciscoSan Francisco

A physically beautiful, culturally and A physically beautiful, culturally and historically stimulating city with great historically stimulating city with great restaurantsrestaurants Golden Gate BridgeGolden Gate Bridge Little cable car climbing, not only symbol of Little cable car climbing, not only symbol of

the city but also a very efficient means of the city but also a very efficient means of transportation by running between several transportation by running between several major attractionsmajor attractions

Chinatown (city within a city, great Chinese Chinatown (city within a city, great Chinese restaurants, Buddha’s Universal Church is the restaurants, Buddha’s Universal Church is the largest Buddhist temple in the U.S)largest Buddhist temple in the U.S)

Fisherman’s WharfFisherman’s Wharf Alcatraz, once an impregnable fortress-Alcatraz, once an impregnable fortress-

style prison, now a very popular tourist style prison, now a very popular tourist destination,destination,

Golden Gate Park, a green oasis with Golden Gate Park, a green oasis with artificial lakes, Dutch windmills, artificial lakes, Dutch windmills, museums, Japanese Tea Gardenmuseums, Japanese Tea Garden

Palm SpringsPalm Springs

a giant sandbox offering adults their a giant sandbox offering adults their favorite gamesfavorite games

golf coursesgolf courses tennis courtstennis courts horseback ridinghorseback riding lavish spaslavish spas a lot of accommodation, affordable a lot of accommodation, affordable

also for familiesalso for families

Yosemite National ParkYosemite National Park

one of the most beautiful places in one of the most beautiful places in the country,the country,

nearby is Sequoia National Park nearby is Sequoia National Park extremely overcrowdedextremely overcrowded

waterfallswaterfalls Half DomeHalf Dome Cathedral SpiresCathedral Spires El Capitan (the largest pure-granite El Capitan (the largest pure-granite

outcropping in the world)outcropping in the world)

State of HawaiiState of Hawaii

the daydream of resort vacationsthe daydream of resort vacations four major islands are four major islands are HawaiiHawaii, , KauaiKauai, ,

MauiMaui, , OahuOahu whichwhich vary greatly in flavor, vary greatly in flavor, weather, population and natural wondersweather, population and natural wonders

an active volcano attracts outdoor loversan active volcano attracts outdoor lovers Hawaii;Hawaii;

also known as the Big Island, home to rural also known as the Big Island, home to rural areas, deserts, volcanoes (Kilauea is the areas, deserts, volcanoes (Kilauea is the world’s most active volcano), rain forestsworld’s most active volcano), rain forests

has colorful beaches - golden, green, gray, has colorful beaches - golden, green, gray, black and whiteblack and white

deep-sea fishing, snorkelingdeep-sea fishing, snorkeling nightlife and shopping are limited on this nightlife and shopping are limited on this

islandisland gorgeous flowers than one can imagine, gorgeous flowers than one can imagine,

mostly orchidsmostly orchids the Hilton Waikoloa Village in Kohala is a the Hilton Waikoloa Village in Kohala is a

very expensive resortvery expensive resort Kauai; Kauai;

is the most beautiful, most tropical and most is the most beautiful, most tropical and most romantic island, known also as the Garden romantic island, known also as the Garden Isle. Isle.

Captain Cook’s first landing point (in 1778) is Captain Cook’s first landing point (in 1778) is on this islandon this island

Oahu;Oahu; is where Honolulu and Waikiki are locatedis where Honolulu and Waikiki are located the island for nightlife together with other the island for nightlife together with other

activities available in other islandsactivities available in other islands Honolulu; Honolulu;

is the Hawaii State capital and the largest cityis the Hawaii State capital and the largest city Pearl Harbor and the airport are located here, Pearl Harbor and the airport are located here,

with the Arizona Memorialwith the Arizona Memorial Hawaii Maritime Center (exhibits on whaling, Hawaii Maritime Center (exhibits on whaling,

underwater archeology and Pacific Canoes) underwater archeology and Pacific Canoes)

State of ArizonaState of Arizona

Grand Canyon National Park;Grand Canyon National Park; a national treasure, cut by the Colorado a national treasure, cut by the Colorado

River, measures 446 km in length and River, measures 446 km in length and averages 1.6 km in depthaverages 1.6 km in depth

draws more than 5 million visitors a yeardraws more than 5 million visitors a year hiking the canyon is only for those in good hiking the canyon is only for those in good

physical conditionphysical condition mules, rafts, steam trains and mules, rafts, steam trains and

helicopters/light planes are alternatives to helicopters/light planes are alternatives to see explore the canyon see explore the canyon

Phoenix;Phoenix; the fastest growing metropolitan of the the fastest growing metropolitan of the

country with more than 140 golf country with more than 140 golf courses, 1000 tennis courts and dozens courses, 1000 tennis courts and dozens of resortsof resorts

a magnet for both leisure travelers and a magnet for both leisure travelers and conventions and conferencesconventions and conferences

State of ColoradoState of Colorado

Rocky Mountain National Park;Rocky Mountain National Park; northwest of Denver, area of peaks, valleys northwest of Denver, area of peaks, valleys

and nature trails, among the most visited and nature trails, among the most visited parks in the U.Sparks in the U.S

Ski Resorts;Ski Resorts; Aspen, Vail, Breckenridge, Telluride, Aspen, Vail, Breckenridge, Telluride,

Steamboat Springs are top-quality ski resortsSteamboat Springs are top-quality ski resorts Aspen is the haven for the rich and famous.Aspen is the haven for the rich and famous. steamboat Springs is extremely popular among steamboat Springs is extremely popular among

families attracted to the kids-ski-free programfamilies attracted to the kids-ski-free program

Las VegasLas Vegas

State of NevadaState of Nevada gambling and themed resorts are what gambling and themed resorts are what

underwrites the Las Vegas’ extravaganceunderwrites the Las Vegas’ extravagance Las Vegas Boulevards is known as the StripLas Vegas Boulevards is known as the Strip on the Strip are the miniversions of great on the Strip are the miniversions of great

cities: New York, Paris, Venicecities: New York, Paris, Venice replicas of Empire State Building, Chrysler replicas of Empire State Building, Chrysler

Building, Statue of Liberty are presentBuilding, Statue of Liberty are present

MGM Grand Hotel (among the top 2 MGM Grand Hotel (among the top 2 or 3 largest hotels of the world with or 3 largest hotels of the world with more than 5000 rooms)more than 5000 rooms)

The Luxor Hotel (having the shape The Luxor Hotel (having the shape of a pyramid, King Tut’s Tomb and of a pyramid, King Tut’s Tomb and the Sphinx)the Sphinx)

Caesars Palace (with pricey dining Caesars Palace (with pricey dining and entertainment shows)and entertainment shows)

Bellagio (with a 3 hectares lake and Bellagio (with a 3 hectares lake and a collection of the works of Picasso, a collection of the works of Picasso, Van Gogh, Matisse, Monet) Van Gogh, Matisse, Monet)

Yellowstone National Yellowstone National ParkPark

Located in the state of Wyoming, one of Located in the state of Wyoming, one of the most popular parks in the nationsthe most popular parks in the nations

Steaming paint pots, hot springs and Steaming paint pots, hot springs and more than 200 geysers, abundant wildlifemore than 200 geysers, abundant wildlife

Yellowstone Lake is in the center of the Yellowstone Lake is in the center of the park, a 32 km long and 23 km wide lakepark, a 32 km long and 23 km wide lake

Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone, formed Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone, formed by the Yellowstone River, has two by the Yellowstone River, has two waterfallswaterfalls