chapter 11 – 2 american power tips the balance. vocabulary/identification eddie rickenbacker ...
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Chapter 11 – 2
American Power Tips the Balance
Vocabulary/Identification
Eddie Rickenbacker Selective Service Act convoy system American Expeditionary Force Gen. John J. Pershing Alvin York conscientious objector armistice
America Mobilizes
How did the U.S. raise an army? Called for volunteers
Played on nationalistic ideals of those being attacked.
Appealed to the notion of patriotism Instituted a draft
Required able bodied men to register for service
Section 11 – 2 Objectives
Students will be able to; Describe the step the U.S. took to get
ready for war. Identify and describe the new weapons
that were used during the war. Identify and describe the costs of the
war.
America Mobilizes
Uncle Sam, the symbol of America, was used to encourage men to enlist, demonstrating their patriotism or love of country, and willing to fight for its ideals.
America Mobilizes
How did U.S. soldiers help win the war? Brought a fresh, enthusiastic group of men to
the fighting. Helped stop the advances of the Germans
into Paris and several French cities. Provided needed help in the 2nd Battle of the
Marne Mounted offenses(attacked) at St. Mihiel and
Meuse-Argonne, turning the tide of war.
America Mobilizes
How did the U.S. build its navy? Like the army, called for volunteers Instituted a draft Accepted women volunteers Exempted(left out) shipyard worker from the
draft. Ran a public relations campaign to
emphasize the importance of shipyard work.
America Mobilizes
How did the U.S. build its navy? Began using pre-fabrication(molds, pre-built
parts) to construct ships faster. Took over commercial and private ships and
converted them for war.
America Mobilizes
How did the U.S. Navy help win the war? Broke through German blockades by;
using the convoy system, with the British, helped lay down a barrier of mines across the
North Sea, preventing German U-boats from having total control of the North Sea between Great Britain and France.
New Weapons and How They Affected the Outcome
Many new weapons were used during WWI.
These weapons included; Zeppelins – gas filled airships that were used
not only to spy on enemy positions, but also drop bombs.
machine guns – these weapons allowed a single gunner to shoot enough bullets, up to 600 per minute, equal to 40 soldiers.
New Weapons and How They Affected the Outcome
These weapons included; poisonous gas - A yellow-green chlorine fog
sickened, suffocated, burned, and blinded its victims.
tanks - were used to “mow down” barbed wire and soldiers.
airplanes - WWI planes had a front-mounted machine gun for “dogfights.” Planes were also loaded with bombs.
Adding up the cost of War….
Death during WWI totaled more than 30 million. These are broken down as follows; Civilians – 11 million Military deaths (all sides) – about 11 million Injuries (all sides, military/civilian) 20 million Refugees (all sides) – 10 million
Adding up the cost of War….
Adding up the cost of War….
Economic cost of the war, including lost of live amounted to more than $338 million dollars. These losses were mainly from bombing and
long range cannons, which were used against civilian targets in cities.
Aircraft and long-range guns were even used to fire on civilian targets—libraries, cathedrals, and city districts. The biggest guns could shell a city from 75 miles.
Adding up the cost of War….
The human cost of the war proved to be the most difficult to calculate.
American soldiers returned home with many war related disorders. Standing in wet trenches often led to ‘trench
foot’, with often resulted in the soldier’s foot being amputated.
Other maladies included; shell shock, dysentery, and the effects of poison gas.
Adding up the cost of War….
The War Ends…. The collapse of Germany began on
November 3, 1918. November 9, 1918, the Kaiser was
forced to give up the throne. At the same time, a new German
Republic was established. At the 11th hour, of the 11th day of
November the armistice was signed, officially ending World War I