chapter 11 bony thorax. 1 _____________ 12 __________ vertebrae 12 pairs of _________
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 11
Bony Thorax
Bony Thorax
• 1 _____________
• 12 __________ Vertebrae
• 12 pairs of _________
Bony Thorax
• Protects the ______________organs (heart)
• _____________ during breathing
Sternum
• 3 parts– _____________
• Superior portion 2” long
– _____________• Longest portion 4” long
– _____________• Smallest most distal. Cartilage as an infant and
ossifies by age 40
Sternal Landmarks
• ___________(suprasternal or manubrial)– Correlates to T2-3
• _________________– Correlates to T4-5
• Xiphoid tip– Correlates to T9-10
Sternal Articulations
• ____________
• _____________– Sternoclavicular joint
• 7 ribs – Through ______________
• 1st rib costocartilage on _______________
Ribs• Numbered by the thoracic vertebrae they attach
posteriorly• 12 pairs• ______________
– Costocartilage connection anteriorly to the sternum
• __________– 8,9,&10 costocartilage attach to the 7th
– ___________(11 &12) – No costocartilage articulation
Rib AnatomyPosterior
• Vertebral end–__________–Neck–____________
– Articulates with transverse process of vertebrae
Rib AnatomyAnterior
• Sternal end
• ____________
• Shaft
• ____________–Artery, vein, and nerve
Rib ArticulationsAnterior
• __________________Union
– Rib and costocartilage join
• Sternoclavicular – Sternum and clavicle
Rib ArticulationAnterior
• ____________ – Costocartilage to sternum.
• _______________– Costocartilage of 6th – 10th
Rib ArticulationPosterior
• ________________– Head of rib to vertebrae
• _________________– Rib tubercle to transverse process
Sternum Imaging
Routine• RAO• Lateral• 40” SID** RAO• 60-72” SID Lateral• 60 – 70 kVp
RAO Sternum
• Moves sternum away from _______ into homogenous __________
• ___________
• CR to mid sternum– Palpate for _______________– Center to mid sternum
RAO Sternum
• ________________– Blurs pulmonary markings
• Collimate about __________
Lateral Sternum
• Increase ______ to compensate for increased ___________
• If erect have pt hold arms back• CR to mid sternum
– Place cassette ___________________• Center more anterior on chest ________
sternum
Rib Imaging
Routine• PA Chest• AP above diaphragm• AP below diaphragm• RPO/LPO above diaphragm• 60 kVp for above diaphragm• 70 kVp for below diaphragm• 40-72” SID (Unilateral or Bilateral)
AP Above Diaphragm
• Center on affected side• CR longitudinal ___________• Cassette _______________center to
cassette• Suspend respiration on _____________
AP Below Diaphragm
• Center to ____________• CR mid way between ________________• Suspend respiration on ____________
– Move diaphragm up and away
RPO / LPO Above Diaphragm
• 45° Oblique• CR between spine a lateral rib margins• Cassette _____________and center to
cassette• Suspend respiration on _________• If Rt side affected ___________right ribs.
Lt side shows more _______
Helpful Tip
• Some radiologists want a marker indicating area of pain
• Ribs are a large area• Place a _____________on area of interest
to help the radiologist focus on an area.