Chapter 12 Overview

The American SystemHenry Clay envisioned a strong and independent national economy aided by the federal government. He believed that the federal government should:

• establish protective tariffs: (a tax on imported goods that protects a nation’s business from foreign competition).

• establish a national bank that would promote a single currency and abundant credit (making trade easier).

• invest in internal improvements, mostly transportation systems (again making trade within the US cheaper and easier)

Era of Good Feelings

Missouri Compromise

1. Missouri would be admitted to the union as a slave state

2. Maine would be admitted to the union as a non-slave state

3. Slavery would be prohibited in the remainder of the Louisiana Purchase north of the 36° 30’ line (southern border of MO).

The Marshall Court

• McCulloch vs. Maryland

• Gibbons vs. Ogden

• Fletcher vs. Peck

• Dartmouth College vs. Woodward

Florida

• The Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819 (also known as the Transcontinental Treaty of 1819, and sometimes the Florida Purchase Treaty) was a historic agreement between the United States and Spain. In addition to granting Florida to the United States, the treaty settled a boundary dispute along the Sabine River in Texas and firmly established the boundary of U.S. territory to the Rocky Mountains and the Pacific Ocean.

Monroe Doctrine• The Americas should be closed to future

European colonization and free from European interference in sovereign countries' affairs.

• The United States' intended to stay neutral in European wars and in wars between European powers and their colonies (unless American interests were involved).

• The US would consider any new colonies or interference with independent countries in the Americas as hostile acts toward the United States.

Cont.

Notes:• Written by John Quincy Adams• It did NOT pledge that the US

would abstain from claiming any former part of the Spanish empire (as Britain had wanted)