chapter 12- the presidency: leading the nation
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Chapter 12- The Presidency: Leading the Nation. The Presidency. Article II Powers of the Chief Executive Appoints officials Commander-in-Chief Sign/veto legislation Grant Pardons Chief Diplomat Treaties, Send/ receive ambassadors Qualifications 35 years of age Natural born citizen - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 12- The Presidency: Leading the Nation
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The Presidency Article II
Powers of the Chief Executive Appoints officials Commander-in-Chief Sign/veto legislation Grant Pardons Chief Diplomat
Treaties, Send/ receive ambassadors
Qualifications 35 years of age Natural born citizen 14 year resident of U.S.
Limits Two 4-year terms (22nd Amendment) Impeachment (Article I) Congress & the Courts (Acts & rulings)
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The Presidency The Framers’ vision of the presidency
National Leadership Administration of the Laws Statesmanship in foreign affairs Executive accountability
The presidency has become much stronger than the Framers envisioned constitutional roles have expanded Foreign policy role has expanded since the U.S.
has become a world power
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Foundations of the Modern Presidency
Asserting a Claim to National Leadership Whig Theory- a limited or constrained
Constitutional authority James Buchanan- “My duty is to execute laws and not
my individual opinions.” Stewardship Theory- calls for an assertive
pres. that is confined only at points specifically prohibited by law
Theodore Roosevelt- “bully pulpit”, challenged the power of business monopolies
FDR- felt he was permitted “to do anything that the needs of the Nation demand unless such action was forbidden…”
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Foundations of the Modern Presidency
The Need for Presidential Leadership of an Activist Government Foreign Policy Leadership
As sole representative of the U.S. the president can act quickly and speak authoritatively for the nation as a whole
Domestic Policy Leadership Role has grown as the U.S. has gone from an
agrarian to industrialized nation Budget & Accounting Act of 1921 Executive Office of the President Importance of the Cabinet has declined as the rest of
the Executive Branch has grown
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Executive Office of the President Office of the Director of National Intelligence
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Choosing the President Toward a More “Democratic” System of
Presidential Election Electoral College
270 votes needed out of 538 Electors tied to state’s popular votes House of Reps. chooses if no candidate receives
a majority Open Party Caucuses
Andrew Jackson ended the practice of nominating by Congressional caucus
Primary Elections Used more extensively in recent decades
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Choosing the President The Campaign for Nomination
Momentum Early “Mo” is a big factor Early states vs. late states
disenfranchisement Money
$20 million to $30 million to run an effective nominating campaign
Candidate with the most money wins most of the time
GW Bush nominating campaign in 2000 $ 75 Million
Choice of Vice President (running mate) Nominee’s choice at the convention
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Choosing the President The Campaign for Election
Election Strategy Electoral College/Popular vote
Media and Money Television: Debates and advertising
About ½ spent on TV Kennedy-Nixon 1st televised debate
Federal Funding Matching funds
The Winners
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Presidents who lost the popular vote but won the Electoral College John Quincy Adams Rutherford B. Hayes Benjamin Harrison George W. Bush
Election of 2000 Gore won the popular vote Bush won Florida by 537 votes The Supreme Court blocked a count of ballots in
Florida Bush receives 271 Electoral College votes, one
more than the 270 needed
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Electoral College Results- 2004
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Presidential Voting by County- 2004
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Electoral College Results- 2008
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Presidential Election of 2012Obama - 332 Romney-206
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Staffing the Presidency Presidential Appointees
The Executive Office of the President The Vice President The White House Office Policy Experts
The President’s Cabinet Other Presidential Appointees
The Problem of Control Too many people to see much less control Career bureaucrats dominate
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Factors in Presidential Leadership The Force of Circumstance
It’s the economy stupid Accomplishments usually depend on
circumstances outside their control The Stage of the President’s Term
Honeymoon Period- 1st 100 days Strategic Presidency
The need to move quickly on important issues while conditions are favorable
May run out of ideas, get caught up in scandal, or exhaust political resources
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Factors in Presidential Leadership The Nature of the Issue: Foreign or
Domestic Two presidencies theory
Broad powers to act as the “sole arm” of the U.S. when reaching out to other nations
More likely to get the backing of Congress on foreign policy issues
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Factors in Presidential Leadership Relations with Congress
Seeking Cooperation from Congress Benefiting from Partisan Support in Congress Colliding with Congress
To veto or not to veto… G.W. Bush-
2 vetoes in first five years 700+ Signing statements
War Powers Act, Impeachment
House of Reps. – Impeachment Charges Andrew Johnson William Jefferson Clinton
Senate- Impeachment Trial 0 presidents convicted
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G.W. Bush had an 87 % success rate with Congress in his first year in office
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Factors in Presidential Leadership Public Support
Presidential Approval Ratings Events and Issues
From 9/11 to Hurricane Katrina Economy
The Televised Presidency Scandal is the largest threat to the pres. ability
to control the media The Illusion of Presidential Government
Too much credit Too much blame