chapter 12- waves. what is a wave? mechanical waves vs non-mechanical waves?
TRANSCRIPT
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CHAPTER 12-WAVES
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WHAT IS A WAVE?
Mechanical waves vs non-mechanical waves?
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LONGITUDINAL VS TRANSVERSE
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KEY TERMS
DISPLACEMENT
AMPLITUDE
WAVELENGTH
PERIOD
FREQUENCY
PHASE DIFFERENCE
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PHASE AND PHASE DIFFERENCEThis is a measure of how “in step” the different waves (or particles) are.
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CALCULATING PHASE DIFFERENCE
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PHASE DIFFERENCE
If the particles are moving together we say they are “in phase”
If the particles are “out of phase” by a half cycle they are π radians out of phase.
A phase difference of π/2 radians shows they are out of phase by ¼ of a cycle
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WAVE EQUATIONDerivation of the wave equation
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WAVE PROPERTIES- PART 1
Reflection
Refraction
Diffraction
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REFLECTIONThe law of reflection from a plane mirror (any flat surface)?
What is TIR?
When does it occur?
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DIFFRACTION
When waves pass through apertures or around obstacles they tend to spread out. This spreading out is called DIFFRACTION.
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MAXIMUM DIFFRACTION
Maximum diffraction will occur when the gap or obstacle size is close to the wavelength of the wave.
http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/feschools/waves/diffract3.php
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REFRACTIONDefinition ??
What would happen if…
Waves in a ripple tank move from shallow to deeper water?
Light travels from air into glass
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HOMEWORK!
Discuss the implications of reflection and diffraction on satellite dish design.
Explain one use of TIR in technology
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SNELL’S LAW
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SNELL’S LAW
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SNELL’S LAW - DEFINITION
It is the ratio of the velocity of the wave in the two media
Or the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of refraction
REMEMBER – because it is a ratio, this means the refractive index is a DIMENSIONLESS QUANTITY
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SUPERPOSITION AND INTERFERENCE
Wiki Sim – Huygens’ Principle of Superposition
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HUYGENS PRINCIPLE OF SUPERPOSITION
The displacement of any point due to the superposition of wave systems is equal to the sum of the displacements of the individual waves at that point