chapter 13 assessment of sport skills and motor abilities
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 13
Assessment of Sport Skills and
Motor Abilities
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Guidelines for Sport Skills Testing andMotor Performance Tests
• acceptable reliability and validity• simple to administer and take• easy to understand instructions• not expensive nor require extensive equipment• reasonable time for preparation and
administration• encourage correct form• involve only one participant
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Guidelines for Sport Skills Testing andMotor Performance Tests (con’t.)
• suitable difficulty• interesting and meaningful• exclude extraneous variables• provide for accurate scoring• provide target scoring guidelines (if appropriate)• sufficient trials• yield diagnostic scores
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Effective Testing Procedures
• Pretest Dutiestime, forms, procedures, instructions
• Testing Dutieslocation, materials, cheating, safety,absences, make-ups
• Posttest Dutiestranscription, item analysis, reporting,confidentiality
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Figure 13.3Flowchart for Construction of Motor Performance Tests
Characteristics
Review
Pilot Test
Reliability & Validity
Norms
Manual
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Issues in Skills Testing
• In addition to reliability and validity(the most important issues)
• Feasibility
• Testing methodObjective skills tests?Alternative (authentic assessment)? – See
chapter 8
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Skills Test Classification
• ObjectiveAccuracy-basedRepetitive Performance (wall-volley)Total Body MovementDistance or Power
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Subjective Rating Scales
• Relative Rank-order
• AbsoluteEvaluation against a
fixed standard
• Common ErrorsHalo Effect"Standard" ErrorCentral-tendency
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Developing Well-Constructed Scales
• State objectives in terms of observable behavior• Select traits that determine success• Define selected traits in observable behavior• Select and develop the rating instrument• Define degrees of success• Test and revise the rating scale• Use the scale in an actual testing situation
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More Rating Scales Suggestions
• Develop well-constructed scales• Train raters well• Explain common rating errors to raters• Permit ample time to observe performance• If possible, use multiple raters
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Other Tests
• Performance-Based TestingActual performance of the skill
• Trials-to-Criterion TestingCould save considerable time and effort
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Ability or Skill?
• Abilitygeneral, innate psychomotor trait
• Skillspecific, learned psychomotor capacity
• Specificitydetermined with concurrent validity
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Measurement Aspects of the Domain of Human Performance
Muscular StrengthSpeedAnaerobic PowerFlexibilityBalanceKinesthetic perception
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Power Tests
• Arm PowerOne-hand shot putTwo-hand shot put over headMedicine-ball pitchBasketball throw
• Leg PowerMargaria-Kalamen Leg Power TestIncline Run
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Strand & Wilson
Reprinted, by permission, from B. Strand and R. Wilson, 1992, Assessing sport skills (Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics).
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Effective testing consists of . . .
• Including sport relevant variables,• Selecting reliable and valid tests,• Developing sport specific protocols,• Controlling test administration,• Maintaining athletes rights to respect,• Repeating the tests periodically, and• Interpreting the results for the performance and
interested parties (e.g., coaches, parents, etc.)
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Purposes of Human Performance Testing and Analysis
Selection
Classification
Diagnosis
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Classification Tests for High School Tennis Players
• Motor Performance50-yard dashAgility line drill
• Tennis Skills TestsForehandBackhandVolleyMoving forehandMoving backhandServe
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Table 13-9Men's Volleyball Performance Profile
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Performance Test Construction
A C DB
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A C DB
Which is the LEAST valid test?
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A C DB
Which is the MOST valid test?
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A C DB
Which test might you useif you have limited time?
You might useA or B – realize youlose some validity
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Which test wouldyou use?
MOST valid
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Which two testsmight you use?
MOST validwith LEAST
overlap