Chapter 13 Chapter 13 Handling EmergenciesHandling Emergencies START WORKING ON THESTART WORKING ON THE

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Chapter 13 Chapter 13 Handling EmergenciesHandling Emergencies

Objectives:Objectives: Vehicle MalfunctionsVehicle Malfunctions Driver ErrorsDriver Errors Roadway HazardsRoadway Hazards CollisionsCollisions

Actions to take if a tire Actions to take if a tire blows out blows out

Grip the steering wheel firmly Grip the steering wheel firmly Ease up on the accelerator to slow the vehicle Ease up on the accelerator to slow the vehicle

and do not break. and do not break. Braking can cause the car to swerve so when the Braking can cause the car to swerve so when the

car slows, gentle braking is okay. car slows, gentle braking is okay. Check the traffic situation as you gain control of Check the traffic situation as you gain control of

the vehicle. the vehicle. Signal and drive off the roadway slowly, braking Signal and drive off the roadway slowly, braking

gently. gently. Turn on hazard flashers and drive slowly until Turn on hazard flashers and drive slowly until

you find a safe place to stop.you find a safe place to stop.

CHANGING THE TIRECHANGING THE TIRE

TOTAL BRAKE FAILURETOTAL BRAKE FAILURE

Pump brake pedalPump brake pedalDownshiftDownshiftGradually apply parking brakeGradually apply parking brakeSearch for open zoneSearch for open zone

BRAKE FADEBRAKE FADEWhen brakes overheat and When brakes overheat and lose their effectivenesslose their effectivenessStop the vehicle and let the Stop the vehicle and let the brakes cool offbrakes cool off

ACCELERATOR ACCELERATOR MALFUNCTIONSMALFUNCTIONS

BROKEN SPRINGSBROKEN SPRINGSAccelerator pedal will Accelerator pedal will be flat on the floorbe flat on the floorShift to neutralShift to neutralHazardsHazardsBrake safely off the roadBrake safely off the road

STUCK ACCELERATORKick side of accelerator to try and free itApply brakeChoose escape pathShift to neutralTurn off ignition once off the roadway

ACCELERATOR MALFUNCTIONS

ENGINE FAILUREENGINE FAILUREShift to neutralShift to neutralMove out of trafficMove out of trafficTry to restart engine while Try to restart engine while movingmovingRaise hood and flashers onRaise hood and flashers on

Hold accelerator to floor while startingTurn ignition and hold for a few secondsTry again in a few more seconds

FLOODED ENGINE

OVERHEATED ENGINE

Turn off air conditionerTurn on heaterDuring stops shift to neutralIf temp light stay hot, move off road, stop car and raise hood

TOTAL STEERING FAILURE

Use horn and flashersStop quickly and safelyUse p-brake “on-off-on-off”Shift to lower gear

POWER POWER STEERING STEERING FAILUREFAILUREOccurs Occurs

when engine when engine diesdiesWhen When steering fluid steering fluid is lowis lowWhen drive When drive belt slips or belt slips or brakesbrakesSteering Steering still works still works but you must but you must use more use more forceforce

HOOD FLIES UPSlouch down, look trough crack under hoodOr roll down window look where you are goingTurn on hazards, pump brakesSlow down, drive out of traffic

LOSS OF VISION

LOSS OF VISION

HEADLIGHTS FAILTurn on right signal to light escape pathImmediately slow down and stopTry dimmer switch, parking lights, and hazardsMove to safe location

LOSS OF VISION

SPLASHED WINDSHEILDSnow, slush, water, mudTurn on wipers immediatelySlow gradually maintain path until regain sight

ENGINE COMPARTMENT FIRESteer off turn off carPassengers 100 feet awayIf fire is large - Do not try to put fire outIf fire is small use A-B-C extinguisher

VEHICLE FIRE

DRIVER ERRORS

DRIVING OFF THE ROADWhen front wheel leaves edge of roadwayMany fatal collisions because drivers brake and suddenly return to roadway

STOP VS. STOP VS. SWERVE SWERVE DECISIONDECISIONMust be sure open zonesMust be sure open zones

Must know your speed and Must know your speed and vehicle abilitiesvehicle abilities

EXECUTING EXECUTING EMERGENCY SWERVEEMERGENCY SWERVE

Identify Identify escape pathescape pathGrip wheel Grip wheel firmly as firmly as you steeryou steerUse same Use same rhythmic rhythmic motion to motion to steer and steer and counter counter steersteer

ROADWAY HAZARDSROADWAY HAZARDSPOTHOLESPOTHOLESAvoid them if Avoid them if possiblepossibleIf not slow If not slow down to down to prevent tire prevent tire damagedamageTry and Try and predict where predict where it will be the it will be the most shallowmost shallow

ROADWAY ROADWAY HAZARDSHAZARDSOBJECTS ON THE OBJECTS ON THE

ROADROADCheck trafficCheck trafficDecide whether Decide whether to straddle or to straddle or swerve around swerve around objectobjectDrive over an Drive over an object only as a object only as a last resortlast resortYou may not You may not know what is know what is inside and object! inside and object!

Guess who?

HEAD ON HEAD ON COLLISIONSCOLLISIONSBRAKE HARD BRAKE HARD

BUT DO NOT BUT DO NOT LOCK UP TIRESLOCK UP TIRESBLOW HORN BLOW HORN AND FLASH AND FLASH LIGHTSLIGHTSSTEER RIGHT STEER RIGHT TOWARD TOWARD SHOULDER, SHOULDER, DO NOT STEER DO NOT STEER LEFT!LEFT!

SIDE-IMPACT SIDE-IMPACT COLLISIONSCOLLISIONS

BRAKE OR ACCELERATE QUICKLY, BRAKE OR ACCELERATE QUICKLY, WHICH EVER LESSEN IMPACT INTO WHICH EVER LESSEN IMPACT INTO PASSENGER COMPARTMENTPASSENGER COMPARTMENTBLOW HORNBLOW HORNCHANGE LANES OR SWERVE AWAY CHANGE LANES OR SWERVE AWAY FROM IMPACTFROM IMPACTBE AWARE OF TRAFFIC AROUND YOUBE AWARE OF TRAFFIC AROUND YOU

REAR-END REAR-END COLLISIONSCOLLISIONSFLASH BRAKE FLASH BRAKE

LIGHTSLIGHTSCHECK FOR CHECK FOR OPEN ZONESOPEN ZONESIF IF INTERSECTION IS INTERSECTION IS CLEAR CLEAR ACCELERATE TO ACCELERATE TO GIVE SPACEGIVE SPACEIF IF UNAVOIDABLE, UNAVOIDABLE, RELEASE RELEASE BRAKES JUST BRAKES JUST BEFORE IMPACT BEFORE IMPACT TO LESSENTO LESSEN

IF YOU HAVE COLLISIONIF YOU HAVE COLLISIONSTOP STOP IMMEDIATELYIMMEDIATELYAID TO INJURED, AID TO INJURED, NEVER MOVE NEVER MOVE UNLESS THERE IS UNLESS THERE IS THREAT OF THREAT OF ANOTHER ANOTHER COLLISIONCOLLISIONPREVENT PREVENT FURTHER DAMAGEFURTHER DAMAGESEND FOR POLICESEND FOR POLICEEXCHANGE EXCHANGE INFORMATIONINFORMATION

ADDITIONAL STEPSADDITIONAL STEPSRECORD WITNESSES NAMES AND RECORD WITNESSES NAMES AND ADDRESSESADDRESSESGIVE POLICE JUST FACTSGIVE POLICE JUST FACTSFILE NECESSARY REPORTSFILE NECESSARY REPORTS