chapter 13 section 4. key terms alfred the great william the conqueror domesday book eleanor of...
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Chapter 13 Section 4
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Key TermsAlfred the GreatWilliam the
ConquerorDomesday BookEleanor of AquitaineMagna Carta
ParliamentHugh CapetOtto the GreatReconquista
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England Absorbs Waves of Invaders• 800’s invaded by the
Vikings• Special prayer “God,
deliver us from the fury of the Northmen”
• Alfred the Great turns them back
• United under one rule• England the land of
angels
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England Absorbs Wave of Invaders• 1016 Danish King
Canute conquered England
• Molded Anglo Saxons into Viking people
• 1042 Alfred the Confessor took the throne
• 1066 died without an heir
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Norman ConquestWilliam Duke of
Normandy (William the Conqueror)
Norman- descendant of Vikings spoke French
Invaded England and claimed the crown
Fought the Battle of Hastings
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Norman Conquest• Harold Godwinson
was rival to William• Battle of Hastings
1066• Harold shot in eye by
an arrow• William claims 1/5 of
England for himself• Lords who supported
him received land grants
• Unified the country
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The English in France• English wanted two
goals– Hold and add to
French lands– Strengthen own
power over church and nobles
• William’s ancestors owned land in France and England
• Henry II added to land by marrying Eleanor of Aquitaine (French)
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England’s Evolving GovernmentHenry now had a
large territory in France
Inherited William the Conquerors land
Also a vassal to a French King
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Magna CartaJohn became king
Not a good military leader
Lost lands in FranceCruel to his subjectsHighest taxes Threatened to
revoke charters
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Magna CartaNobles revolt in 1215John forced to sign
Magna CartaDrawn up by noblesCertain political
rightsSafeguarded feudal
rightsLimit the king’s
power
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Magna CartaCitizens argued it
applied to all classesNo taxation without
representationJury trialProtection of the
lawBasic legal rights
now in England and the United States
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Model ParliamentEdward I needed to
raise taxes for a war with France
Two burgesses from every borough, two nights from every county, to serve on Parliament
Legislative body of lords and commoners
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The Model Parliament1300-1400 they were
called when King wanted a new tax
Two groups formedHouse of CommonsHouse of Lords
Parliament helped to weaken the great lords
In time Parliament became strong
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Capetian Dynasty Rules FranceCounts and dukes
ruled land independently
France had 47 feudal territories
Hugh Capet-Capetian Dynasty that ruled from 987-1328
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France Becomes a Separate KingdomPower of King
spread from ParisRoyal power would
unite France1300 the Capetians
ruled all of modern France
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Phillip II Expands PowerOne of the most
powerful CapetiansWatched father lose
land to Henry IIBecame king at 15Phillip had little
success against Henry II or Richard the Lionhearted
John becomes king
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Philip II Expands His PowerPhillip gets the
name AugustusGreatly increase
France’s territorySeized Normandy
from King John in 1204
Phillip had tripled his lands
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Holy Roman Empire936 Otto the GreatUnited German landsNobles challenge the
PopeOtto helps and in
named emperorBecame know as the
Holy Roman Empire1100’s Emperor
became elected and not inherited
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Spain and PortugalShare Iberian
peninsulaConquered in the
early 700’s by Moors1000’s Christians
fight the MoorsReconquista- re-
conquest by Christians in Spain
1085 King Castile captures Toledo
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Spain and PortugalAragon and Portugal join
in the fight1100’s Moors completely
out of Portugal1236 Cordoba is
captured1492 Granada falls to
Ferdinand and Isabel's army
Royal marriage of Aragon and Castille made a powerful county