chapter 13- urbanization and urban patterns
DESCRIPTION
Chapter 13- Urbanization and Urban Patterns. Urbanization Push and Pull. MDCs Industrial Revolution (Rural to Urban) began in 1800s Are MDCs fully urbanized? LDCs 8 of 10 most populous cities in LDC Issue- unlike MDCs lack of jobs in LDCs Leads to issues. MDCs and LDCs. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
CHAPTER 13- URBANIZATION AND URBAN PATTERNS
URBANIZATION PUSH AND PULL
MDCS AND LDCS MDCs
Industrial Revolution (Rural to Urban) began in 1800s
Are MDCs fully urbanized? LDCs
8 of 10 most populous cities in LDC Issue- unlike MDCs lack of jobs in LDCs Leads to issues
MSA Metropolitan Statistical Area
US Cities Percent Change Map Percent Change
MODELS OF DEVELOPMENT See Handout
PRE-COLONIAL CITIES Laid out with a religious center-
mosque, cathedral, etc Marketplace close to center Govt buildings and wealthy homes
surround marketplace Lower status outside that and recent
migrants on outer ring
PRE-COLONIAL CITY
COLONIAL CITIES European powers colonized Africa, Asia
and Latin America Built new cities near the old cities
(sometimes they tore the old city down) European districts had
Wider streets, public squares, larger houses surrounded by gardens, much less density
Compared to narrow, winding streets, little open space and cramped conditions
CITIES SINCE INDEPENDENCE Wealthy people push out in elite
residential sector Contains amenities for wealthy (shops,etc)
Example- Rio de Janeiro Wealthy live in center city and south of city Low income is in north suburbs
SQUATTER SETTLEMENTS Known by many names- barrios,
favelas, bustees, kampongs Grow because cities have housing
shortage and can’t keep up with growth Few services One central well for water and central
bathrooms Lack schools, paved roads, telephones,
sewers Make-shift shelters
INNER CITY PROBLEMS Filtering
Divide larger homes for low-income families Redlining
Draw lines to identify areas to refuse to loan money to buy a house
Urban Renewal Cities locate inner-city neighborhoods, buy
the property, relocate the residents and rebuild the area
INNER CITY PROBLEMS CONT Public Housing
Low-income housing (pay 30% of income for rent)
High percentage in inner-city neighborhoods
Gentrification Middle-class people move into inner-city
neighborhoods and renovate the housing
INNER CITY SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC PROBLEMS
Underclass- unending cycle of social and economic problems
Lack of Job Skills- technical skills in an industrialized economy
Homeless Crime- higher, drug addictions, etc Segregation- Still Exist???? Economic
Segregation?????
SUBURBAN PROBLEMS Peripheral Model
Urban area consists of an inner city surrounded by large suburban residential and business areas tied together by ring road
SUBURBAN PROBLEMS CONT Edge Cities- start out as suburbs then
become nodes (centers) Density Gradient- number of houses
per unit of land decreases as distance from city center increases
Sprawl- spread of development over landscape Extend roads and utilities Wastes land
SUBURBAN PROBLEMS CONT. Greenbelts- rings of open space Suburban Segregation
Residents separated from commercial and manufacturing areas
Housing segregated by cost, size, location, etc Zoning Ordinances
Spatial separation- residential, commercial, industrial to prevent mixed land use
Transportation Issues Motor Vehicles- rush hour commuting Public Transportation- rapid transit Service vs. Cost- are projects worth it????