Kingaku Temple in Kyoto, Japan

c. A.D. 300Yayoi peopleorganize into clans

A.D. 646Taika reformsstrengthenemperor’s powers

1192Rule byshogunsbegins

c. 1300sNoh playsfirst performed

A.D. 300 A.D. 700 1100 1500A.D. 300 A.D. 700 1100 1500

MMedievaledieval JJapanapan

480–

481

Orio

n P

ress

/Get

ty I

mag

es

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Chapter PreviewWarriors in Japan, like those in Africa, were known for

their fighting skills. Japanese warriors trained their mindsand bodies for battle. Read this chapter to find out abouttheir training methods and how they are used today.

View the Chapter 14 video in the World History:Journey Across Time Video Program.

Chapter Overview Visitjat.glencoe.com for a previewof Chapter 14.

481

Early JapanJapan’s islands and mountains have shaped itshistory. The Japanese developed their own uniqueculture but looked to China as a model.

Shoguns and SamuraiJapan’s emperors lost power to military leaders.Warrior families and their followers fought eachother for control of Japan.

Life in Medieval JapanThe religions of Shinto and Buddhism shaped Japan’sculture. Farmers, artisans, and merchants broughtwealth to Japan.

Categorizing Information Make this foldable to help you organize informationabout the history and culture of medieval Japan.

Reading and WritingAs you read the chapter,organize your notes by writing the main ideas with supportingdetails under theappropriate tab.

Step 1 Mark the midpoint of theside edge of a sheet of paper. Jap an

Early Japan

Shoguns and Samurai

Life in Medieval

Japan

Draw a markat the midpoint

Step 2 Turn thepaper and fold ineach outside edgeto touch at themidpoint. Label as shown.

Step 3 Open and labelyour foldable as shown.

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Identifying Cause and Effect

Because of Japan’s mountains,only about 20 percent of its land can be farmed. ThroughoutJapan’s history, local armiesoften fought over the fewpatches of fertile farmland. Justas in ancient Greece, the raggedterrain forced many Japanese toturn to the sea for a living.

—from page 485

Find different ways to

organize information as

you read. Create graphic

organizers that suit your

own learning style to

help you make sense of

what you are reading.

Cause Cause and Effectand Effect

Learning to identify causes (reasons) and effects (results) will help youunderstand how and why things happen in history. Read the followingpassage and think about the result (effect) of Japan having mountains.Then see how the information can be pulled out and placed into agraphic organizer.

Cause

Cause:Japan’smountains

Effect:land could not be farmed

Effect:armies fought for farmland

Effect:Japanese fished for a living

Effects

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483

After reading Section 2,write a paragraph that summarizes thereasons why the powerof Japan’s emperordeclined during the A.D. 800s.

Read to WriteUsing GraphicOrganizers

Read the following paragraph and either use the graphicorganizer below or create your own to show the effects ofYoritomo’s ruthless rule.

Cause:

Effect:

Effect:

Effect:

Yoritomo proved to be a ruthlessruler. He killed most of his relatives,fearing that they would try to takepower from him. Yoritomo and theshoguns after him appointed high-ranking samurai to serve as advisersand to run the provinces. Bound byan oath of loyalty, these samurai lordsruled Japan’s villages, kept the peace,and gathered taxes. They became theleading group in Japanese society.

—from page 495

As you read Chapter 14, be aware ofcauses and effects in Japanese history.Find at least five causes and theireffects, and create graphic organizersto record them.

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