chapter 14 review. essential question: westward movement ½ of americans by 1850 were under the age...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 14 ReviewChapter 14 Review
![Page 2: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
ESSENTIAL QUESTION:ESSENTIAL QUESTION:
![Page 3: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Westward MovementWestward Movement
• ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.age of 30.
• Restless and energeticRestless and energetic
• On the move out west.On the move out west.
![Page 4: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Frontier LifeFrontier Life
• Reality of frontier life was one of Reality of frontier life was one of loneliness, madness, depression.loneliness, madness, depression.
• Frontier men were ill-informed, Frontier men were ill-informed, superstitious and individualistic.superstitious and individualistic.
• Poorly fed and lived in shanties.Poorly fed and lived in shanties.
![Page 5: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Conestoga Covered WagonsConestoga Covered Wagons
Conestoga Trail, 1820sConestoga Trail, 1820s
![Page 6: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Reality of life in the WestReality of life in the WestA Soddy homeA Soddy home
![Page 7: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
New Immigrants seek the New Immigrants seek the American DreamAmerican Dream
• 60 million people left overcrowded Europe; 60 million people left overcrowded Europe; 35 million entered the U.S. 35 million entered the U.S.
• Settled in new urban cities; New York, Settled in new urban cities; New York, New Orleans, Chicago & Cincinnati.New Orleans, Chicago & Cincinnati.
• Sought the “land of freedom and Sought the “land of freedom and opportunity”opportunity”
![Page 8: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The “American Dream”The “American Dream”
A German visitor in the 1840s, A German visitor in the 1840s, Friedrich List, observed:Friedrich List, observed:
Anything new is quickly introduced Anything new is quickly introduced here, including all of the latest here, including all of the latest inventions. There is no clinging to inventions. There is no clinging to old ways. The moment an old ways. The moment an American hears the word American hears the word “invention,” he pricks up his ears.“invention,” he pricks up his ears.
![Page 9: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Reality of Life in AmericaReality of Life in America
• Fast growth of cities = miserable living Fast growth of cities = miserable living conditions.conditions.
• Slums, inadequate policing, impure water, Slums, inadequate policing, impure water, foul sewage, rats and improper garbage foul sewage, rats and improper garbage disposal.disposal.
• Boston 1Boston 1stst sewer system in 1823. sewer system in 1823.
![Page 10: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
National Origin of Immigrants:1820 - 1860
National Origin of Immigrants:1820 - 1860
Why now?Why now?
![Page 11: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
AntiforeignismAntiforeignism
• 1840s-1850s saw rise to the “Nativists”.1840s-1850s saw rise to the “Nativists”.
• The group feared that new immigrants The group feared that new immigrants would outbread, outvote and take jobs would outbread, outvote and take jobs from natives of America.from natives of America.
• Created the Star Spangled Banner order Created the Star Spangled Banner order which became the “Know Nothing” partywhich became the “Know Nothing” party
![Page 12: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Know-Nothing Party:
“The Supreme
Order of the Star-
Spangled Banner”
Know-Nothing Party:
“The Supreme
Order of the Star-
Spangled Banner”
![Page 13: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Growth of the American Growth of the American EconomyEconomy
• 1750 England’s Industrial Revolution = 1750 England’s Industrial Revolution = modern factory systemmodern factory system
• Took a few generations to reach the U.S.Took a few generations to reach the U.S.
• Easier in U.S. for several reasonsEasier in U.S. for several reasons
1) cheap land1) cheap land
2) cheap labor with new immigrants2) cheap labor with new immigrants
3) raw materials3) raw materials
![Page 14: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
American Inventors Spur the American Inventors Spur the Industrial Era in the U.S.Industrial Era in the U.S.
p Americans were willing to try Americans were willing to try anything.anything.
• They were first copiers, thenThey were first copiers, theninnovators.innovators.
• 1800 1800 41 patents were 41 patents were approved.approved.
• 1860 1860 4,357 “ “ “4,357 “ “ “
![Page 15: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
ManufacturingManufacturing
• After the War of 1812 British products After the War of 1812 British products flood into the U.S. with extremely low flood into the U.S. with extremely low prices.prices.
• American factories can’t competeAmerican factories can’t compete
• Caused congress to pass the Protective Caused congress to pass the Protective Tariff of 1816.Tariff of 1816.
![Page 16: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Robert Fulton & the Steamboat
Robert Fulton & the Steamboat
1807: The 1807: The ClermontClermont
![Page 17: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Principal Canals in 1840Principal Canals in 1840
![Page 18: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Inland Freight RatesInland Freight Rates
![Page 19: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
The “Iron Horse” Wins! (1830)The “Iron Horse” Wins! (1830)
1830 1830 13 miles of track built by Baltimore & 13 miles of track built by Baltimore & Ohio RROhio RR
By 1850 By 1850 9000 mi. of RR track [1860 9000 mi. of RR track [1860 31,000 31,000 mi.]mi.]
![Page 20: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
TheRailroad
Revolution,1850s
TheRailroad
Revolution,1850s
p Immigrant laborImmigrant laborbuilt the No. built the No. RRs.RRs.
p Slave laborSlave laborbuilt the So. built the So. RRs. RRs.
![Page 21: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin, 1791
Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin, 1791
Actually Actually invented by a invented by a
slave!slave!
![Page 22: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Eli Whitney’s Gun FactoryEli Whitney’s Gun Factory
Interchangeable Parts RifleInterchangeable Parts Rifle
![Page 23: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
OliverEvansOliverEvans
First prototype of the First prototype of the locomotivelocomotive
First automated First automated flour millflour mill
![Page 24: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
John Deere & the Steel Plow(1837)
John Deere & the Steel Plow(1837)
![Page 25: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Cyrus McCormick& the Mechanical Reaper:
1831
Cyrus McCormick& the Mechanical Reaper:
1831
![Page 26: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Samuel F. B. MorseSamuel F. B. Morse
1840 – Telegraph1840 – Telegraph
““What hath God What hath God wrought?”wrought?”
![Page 27: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Cyrus Field & the Transatlantic Cable,
1858
Cyrus Field & the Transatlantic Cable,
1858
![Page 28: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Elias Howe & Isaac SingerElias Howe & Isaac Singer
1840s1840sSewing MachineSewing Machine
![Page 29: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Creating a Business-Friendly Climate
Creating a Business-Friendly ClimateSupreme Court Rulings:Supreme Court Rulings:
** Fletcher v. PeckFletcher v. Peck (1810) (1810) ** Dartmouth v. WoodwardDartmouth v. Woodward (1819)(1819) ** McCulloch v. MarylandMcCulloch v. Maryland (1819) (1819) ** Gibbons v. OgdenGibbons v. Ogden (1824) (1824) ** Charles Rivers Bridge v. Charles Rivers Bridge v. WarrenWarren Bridge Bridge (1835) (1835)
Laissez faire Laissez faire BUT, govt. did muchBUT, govt. did much to assist capitalism! to assist capitalism!
![Page 30: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Distribution of WealthDistribution of Wealthv During the American During the American
Revolution,Revolution,45% of all wealth in the top 45% of all wealth in the top 10% of10% ofthe population.the population.
v 1845 Boston 1845 Boston top 4% owned top 4% owned overover 65% of the wealth. 65% of the wealth.v 1860 Philadelphia 1860 Philadelphia top 1% top 1% ownedowned over 50% of the wealth. over 50% of the wealth.v The gap between rich and poor The gap between rich and poor waswas widening! widening!
![Page 31: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Samuel Slater(“Father of the Factory
System”)
Samuel Slater(“Father of the Factory
System”)
![Page 32: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
The Lowell/Waltham System:
First Dual-Purpose Textile Plant
The Lowell/Waltham System:
First Dual-Purpose Textile Plant
Francis Cabot Lowell’s town - 1814Francis Cabot Lowell’s town - 1814
![Page 33: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Lowell in 1850Lowell in 1850
![Page 34: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Lowell MillLowell Mill
![Page 35: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Early Textile LoomEarly Textile Loom
![Page 36: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
New EnglandTextile
Centers:
1830s
New EnglandTextile
Centers:
1830s
![Page 37: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
New England Dominance in Textiles
New England Dominance in Textiles
![Page 38: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Lowell GirlsLowell Girls
What was their typical What was their typical “profile?”“profile?”
![Page 39: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Lowell Boarding HousesLowell Boarding Houses
What was boardinghouse life What was boardinghouse life like?like?
![Page 40: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Lowell Mills Time Table
Lowell Mills Time Table
![Page 41: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Early “Union” Newslett
er
Early “Union” Newslett
er
![Page 42: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
The Factory Girl’s GarlandThe Factory Girl’s Garland
February 20, 1845 issue.February 20, 1845 issue.
![Page 43: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
I’m a Factory Girl Filled with Wishes
I’m a Factory Girl Filled with WishesI'm a factory girlI'm a factory girl
Everyday filled with fearEveryday filled with fearFrom breathing in the poison airFrom breathing in the poison airWishing for windows!Wishing for windows!I'm a factory girlI'm a factory girlTired from the 13 hours of work each dayTired from the 13 hours of work each dayAnd we have such low payAnd we have such low payWishing for shorten work times!Wishing for shorten work times!I'm a factory girlI'm a factory girlNever having enough time to eatNever having enough time to eatNor to rest my feetNor to rest my feetWishing for more free time!Wishing for more free time!I'm a factory girlI'm a factory girlSick of all this harsh conditionsSick of all this harsh conditionsMaking me want to sign the petition!Making me want to sign the petition!So do what I ask for because I am a factory So do what I ask for because I am a factory girlgirlAnd I'm hereby speaking for all the rest!And I'm hereby speaking for all the rest!
![Page 44: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Irish Immigrant Girls at LowellIrish Immigrant Girls at Lowell
![Page 45: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
The Early Union MovementThe Early Union Movement
Workingman’s Party Workingman’s Party (1829)(1829) ** Founded by Robert Dale Owen Founded by Robert Dale Owen and and others in New York City. others in New York City.Early unions were usually local, Early unions were usually local, social, and weak.social, and weak.
Worker political parties were Worker political parties were ineffective until the post-Civil ineffective until the post-Civil War period.War period.
![Page 46: Chapter 14 Review. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Westward Movement ½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of 30.½ of Americans by 1850 were under the age of](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e4b5503460f94b3fd98/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Changing Occupation Distributions:1820 - 1860
Changing Occupation Distributions:1820 - 1860