Chapter 15 Section 2Chapter 15 Section 2The Second New Deal The Second New Deal

Takes HoldTakes HoldMain Idea:Main Idea:

The Second New Deal included The Second New Deal included new programs to extend federal new programs to extend federal aid and stimulate the nation’s aid and stimulate the nation’s

economyeconomy..

The Second 100 DaysThe Second 100 DaysBuild on previous programsBuild on previous programs

Economy had improved but Economy had improved but not enoughnot enough

Unemployment remained highUnemployment remained high

Second New Deal called on Second New Deal called on Congress to provide more Congress to provide more extensive relief for both extensive relief for both farmers and workers farmers and workers

ELEANOR ROOSEVELTELEANOR ROOSEVELTSocial ReformerSocial Reformer

Deep Humanitarian Deep Humanitarian

Great Political SkillsGreat Political Skills

Traveled the country Traveled the country observing social conditionsobserving social conditions

Urged her husband to Urged her husband to appoint women to appoint women to government positions government positions

1936 ELECTION1936 ELECTIONRepublican Alfred Republican Alfred Landon (Gov of Landon (Gov of Kansas) Kansas)

Democrat FDRDemocrat FDROverwhelming victory Overwhelming victory for Democratsfor Democrats

HELPING FARMERSHELPING FARMERS2 out of every five farms were 2 out of every five farms were mortgagedmortgaged

AAA struck down by Congress but AAA struck down by Congress but was replaced with another lawwas replaced with another law

Soil Conservation and Domestic Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment ActAllotment Act

–Paid farmers for cutting Paid farmers for cutting production of soil depleting production of soil depleting cropscrops

ROOSEVELT EXTENDS RELIEFROOSEVELT EXTENDS RELIEFExtends 2nd New Deal to help youth Extends 2nd New Deal to help youth and professionals and professionals

WPA (Works Progress WPA (Works Progress Administration)-headed by Harry Administration)-headed by Harry HopkinsHopkins

WPA created as many jobs as WPA created as many jobs as quickly as possiblequickly as possible

1935-1943 spent 11 billion to give 1935-1943 spent 11 billion to give jobsjobs

Airports, roads, streets, public Airports, roads, streets, public buildings buildings

NATIONAL YOUTH NATIONAL YOUTH ASSOCIATIONASSOCIATION

Provided…Provided…–EducationEducation–JobsJobs–CounselingCounseling–Recreation for young peopleRecreation for young people–Part time jobs for students Part time jobs for students

Improving Labor and Other ReformsImproving Labor and Other Reforms

Wagner Act-Wagner Act- Sponsor Senator Sponsor Senator Robert F. WagnerRobert F. Wagner

–Reestablished the NIRA provision Reestablished the NIRA provision of collective bargainingof collective bargaining

–Protected the rights of workers to Protected the rights of workers to join unionsjoin unions

–Prohibited unfair labor practices Prohibited unfair labor practices such as firing and threatening such as firing and threatening union membersunion members

–Fair Labor Standards Act-Fair Labor Standards Act- set maximum hours at 44 set maximum hours at 44 hours per week and hours per week and minimum wages at 25 minimum wages at 25 cents an hour and cents an hour and increasing to 40 cents by increasing to 40 cents by 19451945

–Also prohibited hazardous Also prohibited hazardous work for those under 18work for those under 18

THE SOCIAL SECURITY ACTTHE SOCIAL SECURITY ACTPassed in 1935, created by Frances Passed in 1935, created by Frances PerkinsPerkins

Act had Act had 33 major parts major parts

1.1. Old Age insurance for retirees 65 or Old Age insurance for retirees 65 or older and their spousesolder and their spouses

2.2. Unemployment compensation Unemployment compensation systemsystem

3.3. Aid to families with dependent Aid to families with dependent children and the disabled.children and the disabled.

(SEE PAGE 501)(SEE PAGE 501)

EXPANDING AND REGULATING EXPANDING AND REGULATING UTILITIES UTILITIES

Rural Electrification Rural Electrification Administration-financed and Administration-financed and worked with electrical worked with electrical cooperatives to bring electricity cooperatives to bring electricity to isolated areasto isolated areas

1945- 48% of America’s farms 1945- 48% of America’s farms had electricityhad electricity

Public Utility Holding Company Public Utility Holding Company Act 1935Act 1935

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONAs the New Deal struggled to As the New Deal struggled to

help farmers and other help farmers and other workers to overcome the workers to overcome the

Great Depression, it assisted Great Depression, it assisted many different groups in the many different groups in the

nation, including women, nation, including women, African Americans and African Americans and

Native Americans. Native Americans.