chapter 15 section 3 the war in the west battle of shiloh siege of vicksburg
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 15Section 3
The War in the West
Battle of Shiloh
Siege of Vicksburg
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Battle of ShilohConfederate Gen. Johnston
Union Gen. Grant
Two day battle… over 23,000 casualties
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Battle of Shiloh• Grant waits for the reinforcements from
Army of Ohio. He camps near Shiloh Church and a large rebel army led by Gen. Johnston.
• April 6, 1862 Johnston attacks.
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Battle of Shiloh• Confederates win first day. Union wins
second day, thanks to reinforcements, forcing Confederates back into Mississippi.
• There were US 13,047 Union casualties
• There were CS 10,699 Confederate casualties - including Johnston
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Fall of New Orleans
• U.S. Navy moved upriver to meet Grant, who was moving down the Mississippi.
• First obstacle was the port of New Orleans—largest Confederate city and gateway to the Mississippi.
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Fall of New Orleans• Fleet under Admiral David Farragut
captured New Orleans in April 1862.
• He then took Baton Rouge, LA
and Natchez, MS.
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Siege of VicksburgMid-May to July 4, 1863
“The fate of the Confederacy was sealed when Vicksburg fell”- Grant
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Siege of Vicksburg• Farragut ordered surrender of strategic
Vicksburg, Mississippi, in May 1863.
• Location on 200-foot-high cliffs above the Mississippi made invasion nearly impossible.
• Grant decided to starve the city into surrender; began Siege of Vicksburg in mid-May.
• Facing starvation, city surrendered on July 4, 1863.
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Struggle for Far West• Union halted attempts by
Confederate armies to control lands west of the MS in CO and AR in 1861.
• Confederates failed to take border state of MO, losing Battle of Pea Ridge in 1862.
– Cherokee Indians aided the Confederates, hoping that they would give them greater freedom.
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The War in the WestStrategies
• Union holds its ground, despite surprise attack.
Implications
• Gave Union greater control of the Mississippi River valley
Battle of Shiloh
Siege of Vicksburg
Battle of Pea Ridge
• Union attacked southern forces at Jackson, obliterating Vicksburg’s reinforcements.
• Fought to protect Union forts in the Midwest.
• Gave the Union total control of the Mississippi River, cutting off the western states (AK, LA, TX)
• Gave the Union control over Missouri