CHAPTER 16:WORLD WAR

LOOMSSection 1:

Dictators Threaten World Peace

Why had the Treaty of Versailles created anger and resentment in many nations?• Economic depression caused revolutions in

Europe• Germany resented post WW I treatment•Soviets resented losing territory

These problems encouraged people to turn to dictators to solve problems.

Russia (The Soviet Union)I. Problems from World War I

A. Civil War (communists vs. non-communists)B. Loss of territory. (map)

II. New Leader: Joseph Stalin (1924)A. System – Communist dictatorship.B. Goals

1. Industrialize the Soviet Union.2. Expand Soviet power.3. Increase agricultural output.

Russia (The Soviet Union)C. Methods

1. Govt. took total control of industry and farming.

2. Destroyed political opponents.3. Took away individual freedoms.

D. Aggressive actions in 1930s?- None really. Stalin was focused on

establishing communism and modernizing Russia first.

ItalyI. Problems from World War I

A. Unemployment and inflation.B. Fear of communism.

II. New Leader: Benito Mussolini (1922)A. System – fascist dictatorship.B. Goals1. Restore order in Italy.2. Achieve greatness for Italy.C. Aggressive Actions1. Invaded Ethiopia to establish colonial empire.2. Supported fascists in Spanish Civil War.

GermanyI. Problems from World War I

A. Unemployment and inflation.B. Anger over Treaty of Versailles.C. Longing for a “place in the sun.”D. Fear of communism.

II. New Leader: Adolph Hitler (1933)A. System – fascist dictatorship.B. Goals1. Restore order in Germany.2. Avenge loss in World War I.3. Create great German empire3. Eliminate “Jewish problem.”

GermanyC. Aggressive Actions

1. Pulled out of League of Nations (1933).

2. Rebuilt German military. 3. Sent troops into the Rhineland. (1936)

4. Annexed Austria (1938)5. Insisted on taking western

Czechoslovakia. (1938)

Book burning rallies…

A Nuremberg Rallyhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ilXVkgmJk2E

“How fortunate

for leaders that men

do not think.”- A. Hitler

1936 The Rome- Berlin Axis…

The Third Reich

The term “Third Reich” is used to describe Hitler’s Nazi regime in

Germany from 1933 to 1945.

SpainI. New Leader: General Francisco Franco (1939)

A. System: fascist dictatorship.B. Goals1. Create fascist dictatorship in Spain.C. Aggressive Actions1. Led a rebellion against Spanish govt.2. Became the Spanish Civil War a. fascists vs. non-fascists (including socialists and communists) b. Germany and Italy supported the fascists. c. The Soviet Union and some Americans supported the non-fascists. Guernica d. Became a testing ground for the German military. e. Fascists won.

JapanI. Problems from World War I

A. Lack of land and natural resources.II. New Leader: Hideki Tojo (1941)

A. System: Military dictatorship (similar to fascism)B. Goals:1. Create Japanese empire in the Pacific.2. Secure natural resources for Japan.C. Aggressive Actions:1. Invaded Manchuria in 1931.2. Invaded rest of China in 1937. 3. Took French and British colonies in S.E. Asia.

Objective…

Describe America’s foreign policy in

response to events in Europe in the 1930s.