Chapter 17

Cells: The Basic Unit of LIFE

1. Organization-cell-basic unit of all living organisms

3. Homeostasis-balance-equilibrium

4. Movement (Biological)-locomotion

2. Metabolism-biochemical activity to build up or break down material

5. Growth and repair

7. Response to a stimulus

6. Reproduction-(asexual, cellular), (Sexual, new species)

8. Adaptation-a change over time

The Diversity of Cells• Working in pairs develop a flow

chart describing the discovery of cells and the cell theory.

• Use the following dates to guide your discovery (1665, 1673, 1838, 1839, 1858), include the scientists and their discovery.

1665 1673 1838 1839 1858Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Saw protists in pond scum

Bacteria and single-celled organisms

Robert Hooke

Built first microscope

Saw “little rooms” called cells

Mathias Schleiden

All plant parts are made of cells

Rudolf Virchow

All cells come from existing cells

Theodor Schwann

All organisms are made of one or more cells

Basic unit of all living things

Cells• Cell-the smallest unit that can carry on

life sustaining processes

• Parts in common-

– Cell Membrane

– Cytoplasm

• Organelles

– Nucleus

Two Kinds of CellsProkaryotes

Do not contain a nucleus

Eubacteria Archaebacteria

Single-celled Bacteria

No Nucleus but DNA

Ribosomes

Cell Wall and Cell Membrane

Bacteria Live Everywhere

Heat-loving, salt-loving, methane-

making

Cell Wall and Cell Membrane are

different from other cells

Ribosomes are similar to

Eukaryotic Cells

Archea

Eukaryotic CellsOrganelles-structures that perform specific

functions within the cellEukaryotes

Contain a nucleus

Surface Area-to-Volume Ratio

• Let’s Practice… Turn to page 500. Read through the Math Focus box.

• Complete questions 1-4.

• How does this connect with the study of cells?