Chapter 17Sections 1&2

THE TIDE OF WAR TURNS

Abolitionists demand action As Union sweeps through South, thousands of slaves

escape Supporters pressure government to end slavery

forever, but Lincoln only wants to preserve Union Lincoln decides that if freeing the slaves will weaken

the South then it should be done

Emancipation Proclamation Proclamation made by Lincoln as Commander

in Chief All Slaves in Confederate territory were free Not those enslaved in North

THE EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION

Seen as a military action to weaken the South

Added a moral purpose to the WarNo longer to preserve the Union, but to free millions from slaveryA war of liberation

Abolitionists were pleased, but upset that the Proclamation did not free all slaves

Many slaves escaped into Union territoryAfrican American men received into the Union army54th Massachusetts Volunteers

Heroic former slaves

THE NATION RESPONDS

Slaves affect the Confederacy Many slaves refused to work or ran away to join Union forces

Upheaval in the North Copperheads = northern Democrats who oppose Lincoln and the war Lincoln suspends habeus corpus – the right to know charges against

you and be tried for those charges.

Conscription = “The Draft” Laws made in North and South made required men to

serve in the military The wealthy could pay substitutes to serve in their place The draft was extremely unpopular in both the North and

South

WAR AFFECTS SOCIETY

Southern economyFood shortagesInflation – increase in the cost of goods and a decrease in

the value of moneyNorthern economy

The first income tax – A tax on earningsGreenbacks – paper money that helped citizens and helped pay

for warWomen aid the war effort

Took over jobs held by menVolunteeredNurses

ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL CHANGE