Chapter 18

Endocrine System

AnteriorPituitary

• Human Growth Hormone• Thyroid Stimulating

Hormone• Follicle Stimulating

Hormone• Luteinizing Hormone• Prolactin• Adrenocorticotrophic

Hormone• Melanocyte Stimulating

Hormone

Anterior Pituitary

• Human Growth Hormone – growth of epiphyseal plates

• Thyroid Stimulating Hormone• Follicle Stimulating Hormone (testes and ovaries)• Luteinizing Hormone (testosterone and estrogen)• Prolactin ((milk secretion)• Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (adrenal gland)• Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (melanocytes)

Corticotrophic Hormone

Human Growth Hormone

Posterior Pituitary

• Oxytocin (uterine contractions)

• Antidiuretic Hormone (kidney function)

Antidiuretic Hormone

Thyroid Gland

• T3 and T4 Hormones (oxygen use, BMR, cellular metabolism, growth and development)

• Calcitonin (uptake of calcium and phosphorus into bone)

Parathyroid Gland

ParathyroidHormone

(removes calcium from osteocytes and adds it to blood)

Adrenal Glands• Mineralcorticoids

(increases blood NA and K levels)

• Glucocorticoids (protein breakdown and adds glucogenesis)

• Androgens (Growth)• Epinephrine (Sympathetic

response)

Pancreas

• Insulin (glucose to liver as glycogen)

• Glucagon (glucose from liver to blood)

Ovaries and Testes

Pineal GlandThymus Gland

Words to Know

• Dwarfism, Giantism, and Acromegaly

• Diabetes

• Addison’s Disease

• Thyroid crisis