Chapter 18 WWII and its

AftermathThe Global Conflict: Allied Successes

Bell Work - READWWII was fought on a larger scale and in more places than any other conflict in history. It was also more costly in terms of human life than any previous war. Civilians, as well as soldiers, were targets. In 1941, a reporter visited a Russian town that had been home to 10,000 people before the German invasion. The reporter found a lone survivor. “She was a blind old woman who had gone insane. I saw her wandering barefooted around the village, carrying a few dirty rags, a rusty pail, and a tattered sheepskin.”

P.T.C Population sizes• Coventry 10,900• Crestwood (Mantua) 1,043• Field (Brimfield) 7,963• Norton 12,085• Ravenna 11,724• Theodore Roosevelt (Kent) 28,904• Springfield (Lakemore) 3,068

Occupied Lands• Germany conquered Western Europe• Japan dominated Asia and the Pacific • “New Order” in occupied lands

Nazi Europe• Hitler’s “New Order” grew out of racial obsession• Aryans were put as leaders of puppet government

created by Hitler throughout the overtaken European lands

• Nazi’s1. Stole works of art2. Conquered factories3. Stole natural resourcesOf the countries they dominated

Nazi Europe• People within an occupied country were seen as

inferior, and were sent to labor camps• Those who resisted were killed

Nazi Genocide• The most savage of Hitler’s policies was the

program to kill all people who he judged “racially inferior” – particularly Jews

• Other targets1. Slavs2. Gypsies3. Mentally ill

Nazi Genocide• “The Final Solution to the Jewish Problem” –

Genocide, deliberate murder of all European Jews• “Death Camps” – Located in Poland (Auschwitz,

Sobibor and Treblinka)• Jews shipped from all over Europe to these camps

Nazi Genocide• In death camps engineers designed the most

efficient means of killing millions of men, women and children

• As Jews reached the camps they were1. Stripped naked2. Heads were shaved3. Divided men and women4. Separated children from their parents5. The young and old were targeted for immediate

killing

Nazi Genocide• Others were worked to death• Some were used for medical experimentation• By 1945 Nazi’s killed six million Jews = Holocaust• Nearly six million other undesirables were killed

as well

Read the followingAs Japan expanded across Asia and the

Pacific, it donned the mantle of anti-imperialism. Under the slogan “Asia for Asians,” it created the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere. Japan’s self proclaimed mission was to help Asians escape western colonial rule. In fact its real goal was a Japanese empire in Asia.

The Japanese treated the Chinese, Filipinos, Malaysians, and other conquered people with great brutality, killing and torturing civilians throughout East and Southeast Asia. People were shot simply for listening to Allied radio broadcasts. The Japanese seized food crops, destroyed cities and towns, and made local people into slave laborers…

The Allied War Effort • Allied Powers 1. The United States of America 2. Great Britain 3. Union of Soviet Socialists Republics

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Winston Churchill

Joseph Stalin

THE BIG 3

Met often to speak strategically about the war, though they did not trust each other. Decided to win the war in Europe first, then focus on

Asia

Total War• The United States of American and Great Britain

increased political power of their leaders• Consumer goods were no longer made in

factories1. Factories no longer made automobiles and

refrigerators (puts people back to work)2. Factories now make planes and tanks• Consumer goods were rationed - a fixed amount

of a commodity officially allowed to each person during a time of shortage, as in wartime (shoes/sugar)

Total War• Democratic governments 1. Limited the rights of citizens 2. Censored the press3. Used propaganda to win public opinion• Japanese Americans and Japanese Canadians lost1. Jobs2. Property3. Civil rights • Lost freedom and were forced into internment

camps (seen as a security risk)

http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/japanese-american-relocation/videos/japanese-internment-in-america

Women Help Win the War

In the factories In the war

• Men join the military – women go to work

1. Built ships2. Built planes3. Produced munitions4. Staffed offices

• Women did auxiliary work

1. Drove trucks2. Drove ambulances 3. Delivered airplanes 4. Decoded messages5. Assisted anti-aircraft

workers

Turning Points • 1942-1943 several Allied victories turned the tide

of battle and pushed back the Axis

El Alamein (Egypt/North Africa )

• British General Bernard Montgomery drove Axis forces across Libya into Tunisia

https://www.google.com/maps/search/map+of+north+africa+showing+tunisia/@32.1644517,17.4901983,5z• Victory comes when Eisenhower trapped the Axis

army in Tunisia and forced them to surrender

Invasion of Italy • Joint British and U.S. forces head to Italy after

Africa in 1943• Land in Sicily then move northward• Defeat the Italians in one month• Italian citizens and the King overthrow Mussolini

The Red Army Resists• 1941 – After a triumphant advance the Germans

were halted by the Russian winter outside Moscow and Leningrad

• 1942 – New German offensive was aimed at oil fields in southern U.S.S.R

Stalingrad• Costliest battle of WWII• Germans surrounded the city of Stalingrad• Russians encircle the Germans• Germans trapped with no food or ammunition;

surrendered in 1943• 300,000 German’s killed / wounded / or captured

during the year long battle

Invasion of France• Great Britain and the United States of America

are now ready to aid Russia, by engaging war in Western Europe

• Eisenhower named Supreme Commander to the Allied Army

• In preparation for an invasion of France Allied bombers pilots targeted and bombed

1. Factories 2. Aircraft that could be used against the Allied

invasion3. Cities of Germany

D-DAY• June 6th 1944

D-DAYActivity (choose one)

1. Write a poem that captures the essence of what happened on D-Day

2. Take one of the scenes from D-Day and draw a graphic comic with dialogue

3. Imagine that you are a soldier on either the German or Allied side. Write a letter to loved ones at home about the invasion