chapter 2: earth as a system study notes. chapter 2 section 1: earth: a unique planet
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 2: Earth as a System
STUDY NOTES
![Page 2: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Chapter 2 Section 1:Earth: A Unique Planet
![Page 3: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
1. Earth’s circumference is about 40,000 km, and its shape is an ________ ___________.• oblate spheroid
![Page 4: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
2. According to the law of gravitation, the force of attraction between two objects depends on the masses of the objects and the __________ between them.• distance
![Page 5: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
3. The lower boundary of Earth’s crust is called the ________.• Moho
![Page 6: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
4. The solid, plastic layer of the mantle is called the _________.• asthenosphere
![Page 7: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
5.The force of attraction that exists among all matter in the universe is called _________.
• gravity
![Page 8: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
6. The mesosphere is the strong, lower part of the _______ between the asthenosphere and the outer core.
• mantle
![Page 9: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
7. The _______ is the thin and solid outer most layer of the Earth above the mantle• crust
![Page 10: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
8.The lithosphere is the solid, outer layer of Earth that consists of the crust and the rigid upper part of the ________.
• mantle
![Page 11: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
9. The ________ is the central part of Earth below the mantle.• core
![Page 12: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
10. The _______ is the layer of rock between Earth’s crust and core.• mantle
![Page 13: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Chapter 2 Section 2:Energy in the Earth System
![Page 14: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
1. Evaporation, condensation, and precipitation are part of the _____ _______.• water cycle
![Page 15: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
2. Plants capture and transfer solar energy in a process called ___________.• photosynthesis
![Page 16: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
3. Because Earth’s interior is warmer than its surface layers, hot materials move toward the surface in a process called ________.• Convection
![Page 17: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
4. The largest ecosystem on Earth is the ________.• biosphere
![Page 18: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
5. In general, ecosystems react to change by _____ _______.• restoring
• balance
![Page 19: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
6. The transfer of energy throughout an ecosystem begins when plants capture solar _____ through photosynthesis.• energy
![Page 20: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
7. A community of organisms and their abiotic environment is called an ___________.• ecosystem
![Page 21: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
8. The _____ is the part of Earth where life exists.• biosphere
![Page 22: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
9. The ____ is a mixture of ____ that surrounds a planet or moon.• atmosphere
• gases
![Page 23: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
10. The _____ is the portion of Earth that is water.• hydrosphere
![Page 24: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
11. The _____ is the mostly solid, rocky part of Earth.• geosphere
![Page 25: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
12. An open system is a system in which both matter and energy are _____ with the surroundings.• exchanged
![Page 26: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Chapter 2 Section 1green book:
The Cycles of Matter
![Page 27: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
1. All organic molecules contain __________.• carbon
![Page 28: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
2. Bacteria in soil change nitrogen gas into other forms in a process called ____ ______.
• nitrogen fixation
![Page 29: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
3. Carbon is stored as a type of rock called ______ in the______.
• carbonate
• geosphere
![Page 30: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
4. Carbon moves between the environment and living things in the _______ _______.
• carbon cycle
![Page 31: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
5. ______ is transferred between systems, but it cannot be created or destroyed, according to the _____ law of thermodynamics.• Energy
• first
![Page 32: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
6. Groundwater is an important part of the _______ cycle.• water
![Page 33: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
7. In a cycle of matter, matter moves between the environment and _____ things.• living
![Page 34: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
9. Most animals get the carbon they need by ______ plants.
• eating
![Page 35: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
10. Organisms need _______ to build proteins for DNA.• nitrogen
![Page 36: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
11. _________ is when plants use carbon dioxide to make sugars.• Photosynthesis
![Page 37: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
12. The sun, internal convection, and gravity are important sources of ________ in the Earth system.• energy
![Page 38: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
13. Transpiration is one part of the _______ cycle.• water
![Page 39: Chapter 2: Earth as a System STUDY NOTES. Chapter 2 Section 1: Earth: A Unique Planet](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062321/56649f005503460f94c16a25/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
The End!!!