chapter # 2 ideologies of individualism and collectivism
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter # 2
Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism
![Page 2: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Ideologies are sometimes based on the philosophy and thought of groups of thinkers
(schools of thought)Liberal Thought
Dead Liberal Philosophers Thomas Hobbes (1588 – 1679)John Locke (1632 – 1704)Jean – Jacques Rousseau (1712 -1778)Adam Smith (1723 -90)Socialism John Stuart Mill (1806 – 73)Karl Marx (1818-83)
23-04-20 2
![Page 3: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Bumper stickers
![Page 4: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Bumper Stickers p.62
Read each bumper sticker and decide whether it is for individualism or collectivism
![Page 5: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Individualism Collectivism Individual rights and
freedoms from government control
Self-interest, personal achievement and self reliance
Collectivist endorse the idea of working co-operatively to solve social issues
Collective enterprises, unions and teamwork
Government assistance and control in regards to the economy
![Page 6: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Vocabulary Adherence to collective norms Collective interest Collective responsibility Collectivism Common good Competition Co-operation Economic equality Economic freedom Individualism Individual rights and freedoms Liberalism Private property Public property Rule of law Self-interest
![Page 7: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Principles of Individualism and Collectivism
Individualism is one possible foundation of ideology and is a foundation for Liberalism.
Rule of Law: everyone is subject to the law, and no one is above the law, not the government, PM, Governor General, not Parliament itself.
Every individual is equal before the law. If anyone were above the law, none of our
liberties would be safe. Are there instances in our society where the
rule of law seems be ignored?
![Page 8: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Individual Rights and Freedoms Key principles of individualism and an
important feature of liberal democracies. The right to vote: not all early liberal
democracies extended this right.
![Page 9: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
England
The charter had six points:1. a vote for all men;2. voting to be secret so that workers would not be afraid of offending their landlord or boss by the way they voted;3. any man could stand for parliament 4. members of parliament to be paid (necessary if workers were to get into parliament);5. electorates to have the same number of voters;6. parliament to be elected every year.Woman received the right to vote in 1919 after WW I ( had to be over 30 yrs.
![Page 10: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Those that promoted the rights of woman were called Suffragettes
![Page 11: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
France
Tennis Court Oath in 1789 Declaration of the rights of man http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gAYJNTZk4Hw
![Page 12: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
France
1789 all men receive the right to vote Woman were granted the right to vote in
1944 ( after France was liberated in WW II)
![Page 13: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
United States
Declaration of Independence http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yb7MI8NQLoo
In the early years some states in the USA voters had to be male and Protestant
By the time of the Civil War 1860 most white men were allowed to vote, whether or not they owned property,.
Literacy tests, poll taxes, and even religious tests were used in various places, and most white women, people of color, and Native Americans still could not vote.
![Page 14: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Men in the USA were opposed to woman suffrage. Women received the right to vote in 1920
![Page 15: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Women suffrage Canada The first women to be given the vote in federal elections were nurses serving in World War One.
Manitoba 1916 Alberta and Saskatchewan followed later in 1916, British Columbia in 1917, Ontario in 1917 (women could not hold office until 1919), Nova Scotia in 1918, Yukon in 1919 New Brunswick in 1918 (women could not hold office until 1934), Prince Edward Island in 1922, Newfoundland in 1925 and Quebec in 1940. NWT in 1951 Charter of rights and freedoms http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5a1pv_XKCyk
![Page 16: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
CANADA 1960 Passage of a new Canada Elections
Act removed the disqualification from voting for registered Indians living on reserves. This was partly the result of recognition that many Aboriginal people had served with distinction in the Canadian Forces during the Second World War.
![Page 17: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
CANADA
2004 : all prisoners in Canadian prisons become eligible to vote in Federal elections
![Page 18: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
A balance between individual rights and the rights of groups and
society.
![Page 19: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
South Africa and Apartheid
A legally and physically enforced system of racial segregation and discrimination against blacks and others of coloured descent in South Africa which existed until 1994
![Page 20: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Guarantees are subject to “ such reasonable limits prescribed by law”
Laws that prohibit the promotion of hatred or discrimination.
![Page 21: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
The Keegstra Case Keegstra was a high school teacher in the small Alberta town of
Eckville. In 1984, he was charged with unlawfully promoting hatred against an identifiable group under s. 319(2) of the Criminal Code. The charges stemmed from Keegstra's anti-Semitic (anti-Jewish) statements to his students.
He had described Jews as "revolutionists," "treacherous," "impostors," "communists," "secret," " sneaky," " manipulative," and " deceptive." He taught that Jewish people were "barbaric," "subversive," "sadistic," " materialistic," " money-loving," and " power hungry." He advised the students that they were to accept his views as true unless they were able to contradict them. Students who echoed his views generally received better grades than those who didn't. Under the Criminal Code, Keegstra could have made such statements legally if certain conditions applied , but none of them did. He made the statements in public, in his capacity as a teacher. He made them solely to attack Jewish peoples and not in any effort to generate discussion for public benefit.
![Page 22: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
The Keegstra Case
How did Keegstra defend his actions? He argued that s. 319(2) of the Criminal Code violated his right to freedom of
expression guaranteed under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
. The Court unanimously (4-3 margin) concluded that hate propaganda formed part of protected freedom of expression of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms because hate propaganda is a form of expression.
“If the guarantee of freedom of expression is to have meaning, it must protect expression which disputes even the basic idea of our society. A real commitment to respect for freedom of expression demands nothing less."
![Page 23: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Private Property p74-75
What is a definition of Private Property? How have First Nations people viewed
the idea of Private Property? Give example where the protection of
private property can also be a source of conflict.
![Page 24: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Economic Freedom
Adam Smith: philosopher who believed that government should leave the economy alone to fend for itself.
Define the following terms: economic freedom, free market, self interest, competition and the welfare state.
Read p.78-79 Do you support economic freedom? For what
reasons?
![Page 25: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Supply and Demand
Demand: the quality of a good that consumers will buy at any one time depends on the price.
The higher the price, the less quantity people are willing to buy.
The lower the “market price” the more units will be demanded.
The relationship between price and quantity bought is called the demand schedule or demand curve.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R5Gppi-O3a8 the power of a pencil
![Page 26: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Demand Tends to increase when: consumers have more money the price of the goods fall a shortage is feared --- people stock up
![Page 27: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
SUPPLY
The supply curve is the relationship between “ market price” and the amount producers are willing to supply.
The lower the “ market price” the less the farmer will put on the market.
![Page 28: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Supply Supply tends to increase when: demand is up prices rise more producers offer the goods for sale
![Page 29: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Equilibrium The only price that can last----- the
amount which will be supplied and the amount demanded are equal.
![Page 30: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Principles of Collectivism IMPT.CONEPTS What are the characteristics of a system that promotes Economic equality?
Summarize these into your notes IMPT. Define the term co-operation and explain
how groups achieve their common goals. How have Aboriginal peoples
approached decisions from a collective base? **
![Page 31: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Public Property/Collective Interests 82-83
Karl Marx Liberal democracies
•Define the term Public Property and contrast the following case studies.
![Page 32: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Collective Responsibility? Collective Norms P.84-86
Do you support collective responsibility that asserts that there is no individual action for which the group cannot in some way be held accountable?
Would you want to live in a society in which membership depended on adherence to particular standards? Why or why not?
![Page 33: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Concept Review P rivate property R ule of law: I ndividual rights and
freedoms C ompetition E conomic freedom S elf-interest
Collectivism Economic equality Co-operation Public property Collective interests Collective responsibility Collective norms
![Page 34: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Contemporary Individualism and Collectivism
Pause and Reflect p. 87 In what ways do you think Jeff Skoll is an
example of individualism? In what ways do his actions demonstrate collectivism?
What are some of the attitudes and examples about individualism and collectivism in North America and Europe? p.88-91 Read and make notes.
![Page 35: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Social Programs and Public Service NOTES
Examples healthcare, employment insurance, welfare, public education
All have access Willingness to pay taxes demonstrates
the collective group. May limit our individual freedom i.e.
economic freedom / taxes
![Page 36: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Child Care and Ideology
Something to think about: To what extent is child care the responsibility of the government? P.92-93
How do various forms of child-care provision and funding reflect specific principles of individualism or collectivism?
![Page 37: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Where Collectivism and Individualism meet p.96
Principles of Individualism
Principles of Collectivism
![Page 38: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
DEFENDING YOUR IDEOLOGY
SEE HANDOUT
![Page 39: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
DONE stop here
![Page 40: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Kibbutz and NGO’s
Collectivist and Individual values
Collectivist and Individual values
![Page 41: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Up in Smoke: Exploring the Characteristics of Ideologies
RM2.3 analyzing Two Debate Positions Questions 1-10 as a group Prepare to write an in class short answer
on the topic: Should the government infringe on a smoker’s individual freedom in order to promote the well-being of society?
If we have time
![Page 42: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
CHAPTER 2Understanding Individualism and
Collectivism
Compare the three views of modern society expressed in the quotations on p.64-65
Do you think any of them is an accurate description of Canadian Society?
Define the terms : autonomy, self-reliance and common good.
![Page 43: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Individualism/Collectivism
Read through pages 65-70
![Page 44: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Ancient times
The Parthenon Athens, Greece. (built: 447-438BC, )
![Page 45: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Mesopotamian
Cradle of civilization
![Page 46: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Ancient Times Individualism:
Mesopotamian was the first to create property law
Aristotle: ”every one thinks chiefly of his own”
Individual rights and freedoms
Early society were collectivists because it was possible to survive only by working and hunting as a group.
New testament:” and they began sharing all things in common”
Early Understandings of Individualism and Collectivism
![Page 47: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Medieval Period to the Renaissance
![Page 48: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
![Page 49: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Medieval Period Individualism: common people
were worth very little Development in art , science,
commerce, were not emphasized and the individual life here on earth mattered little.
A king held power ( divine right of kings) and this allowed for very little individualism in political matters.
Collectivism: security and order were provided by earthly rulers.
The Catholic church was very important. People began to focus on the life after and not material things.
What mattered is how you fit into your group. ie. peasant or craftsman, not your individual identity
![Page 50: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Renaissance 1450-1600
![Page 51: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Renaissance 1450-1600
Florence Italy
![Page 52: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
![Page 53: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
![Page 54: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
The Renaissance ( rebirth) 1450-1600
The Renaissance brought a greater interest in individualism
Renewed interest in classical and Roman culture classical ideas about the central importance of life in this world.
Ancient Greek culture had been very humanistic and very individualistic.
Michelangelo: sculptures and paintings celebrated individual human form.
![Page 55: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
The Protestant Reformation
Martin Luther posted a proposal at the doors of a church in Wittenberg, Germany to debate the doctrine and practice of indulgences.
![Page 56: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
The Protestant Reformation
![Page 57: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
The Protestant Reformation The growth of
Individualism by challenging the authority of the dominant Roman Catholic Church.
The development of the printing press by Gutenberg allowed people to read the Bible and interpret their faith on a more personal level.
The Church had interpreted religion for the people.
![Page 58: Chapter # 2 Ideologies of Individualism and Collectivism](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022013103/56649f395503460f94c55782/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
P.76-77 skCreate a web for each case, on which you note the individual rights involved for those enjoying the music and those creating and selling the music.