chapter 2 p. 6 . the internet what are some services found on the internet? p. 68 fig. 2-1 next 4....
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 2
p. 6
WWW.PALINFONET.COMWWW.PALINFONET.COM
The Internet
What are some services found on the Internet?
p. 68 Fig. 2-1 Next
4. Chat
(4)
(1)
1. E-mail
(2)
2. Web
(3)
3. File transfer
(5)
5. Message board
(6)
6. Instant messaging
History of the Internet
Who controls the Internet?
p. 70
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
Oversees research, sets standards and guidelines
Tim Berners-Lee, director
Internet2 (I2)
Internet-related research and development project
Develops and tests advanced Internet technologies
Next
No onec—cit is a public, cooperative, andindependent network
Several organizations set standards
High-speed connection
High-speed connection
Slow-speed technology
Slow-speed technology
How the Internet Works
How can you connect to the Internet?
p. 70 Next
Dial-up accessmodem in your computer uses a
standard telephone line to connect to the Internet
Dial-up accessmodem in your computer uses a
standard telephone line to connect to the Internet
Digital subscriber line (DSL), cable telephone Internet
services (CATV), cable modem provide connections using
regular copper telephone lines
Digital subscriber line (DSL), cable telephone Internet
services (CATV), cable modem provide connections using
regular copper telephone lines
Connection is always on—whenever the computer
is running
Connection is always on—whenever the computer
is running
Connection must be established each time you log on. Slow but inexpensive
Connection must be established each time you log on. Slow but inexpensive
How the Internet Works
What are ways to access the Internet?
p. 72 Fig. 2-2 Next
1. ISP, Regional or National
2. OSP (AOL and MSN, for example)
3. Wireless Internet Service Provider
How the Internet Works
How might data travel the Internet using atelephone line connection?
p. 73 Fig. 2-3 Next
Step 1. Request data from a server on Internet
Step 5. Regional ISP uses leased lines to send data to a national ISP
Step 6. National ISP routes data across the country
Step 8. Server sends data back to you
Step 2. Modem converts digital signals to analog signals
Step 3. Data travels through telephone lines to a local ISP
Step 4. Data passes through routers
Step 7. National ISP passes data to local ISP
How the Internet Works
What is a domain name?
p. 74 Figs. 2-4 – 2-5 Next
Text version of Internet protocol (IP) address Number that uniquely identifies
each computer or device connected to Internet
The World Wide Web
What is a Web browser?
p. 75 Next
MicrosoftInternetExplorer
Netscape
Mozilla
Program that allows you to view Web pages
The World Wide Web
What is downloading?
p. 76 Next
The process of a computer receiving information Depending upon connection speed, downloading can
take from a few seconds to several minutes
The World Wide Web
What is a URL?
p. 76 Fig. 2-8
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Web Addresses below Chapter 2
Next
Unique address for a Web page
A web server delivers the Web page to your computer
The World Wide Web
What is a hyperlink (link)?
p. 77 Next
Item found elsewhere on same Web page
Different Web page at same Web site
Web page at a different Web site
Built-in connection to another related Web page location
Click to view animation
The World Wide Web
What is a search engine?
p. 78 Fig. 2-10 Next
Program used to find Web sites and Web pages by entering words or phrases called search text Also called a keyword
The World Wide Web
What is a subject directory?
p. 80 Fig. 2-12 Next
Search tool with organized set of topics and subtopics Lets you find information by clicking links rather than
entering keywords
The World Wide Web
What are the eight basic types of Web sites?
p. 80 Fig. 2-13
Portal News Informational Business/marketing Educational Entertainment Advocacy Personal
Next
The World Wide Web
What is multimedia?
p. 83 Fig. 2-15 Next
Application integrating text with other media elements Graphics Animation Audio Video Virtual reality
The World Wide Web
What graphics formats are used on the Web?
p. 84 Fig. 2-16 Next
BMPBMP
GIF(pronounced JIFF)
GIF(pronounced JIFF)
JPEG(pronounced JAY-peg)
JPEG(pronounced JAY-peg)
PCXPCX
PNG(pronounced ping)
PNG(pronounced ping)
TIFFTIFF
The World Wide Web
What is animation?
p. 85 Next
Appearance of motion created bydisplaying a series of still imagesin sequence
The World Wide Web
What is audio?
p. 86 Fig. 2-18 Next
Music, speech, or any other sound Individual compressed sound files
that you download from the Web to your computer Common Web audio file formats are
MP3, WAV, WMA (Windows Media Audio), MPEG, RealAudio, and QuickTime
Once downloaded, you can play (listen to) the contents of the files
The World Wide Web
What is streaming audio?
p. 87 Fig. 2-19 Next
Transfers data in a continuous and even flow
Enables you to listen to the sound as it downloads to your computer
Radio stations use streaming audio to broadcast over the Web
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Streaming Media below Chapter 2
The World Wide Web
What is video?
p. 88 Fig. 2-20 Next
Consists of full-motion images with soundplayed back at various speeds
MPEG (Moving Pictures Experts Group) is popular video compressionstandard
The World Wide Web
What is virtual reality (VR)?
p. 88 Fig. 2-21 Next
Use of computers to simulate real or imagined environment
Appears as a three dimensional (3-D) space Used for games and many
practical applications
The World Wide Web
What are plug-ins?
p. 89 Fig. 2-22 Next
Programs that extend the capability of a browser
You can download many plug-ins at nocost from variousWeb sites
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Plug-ins below Chapter 2
Business to business (B2B)Business providing goods and
services to other businesses
Consumer to consumer (C2C)One consumer sells directly to another
Electronic Commerce
What is e-commerce?
p. 90 Fig. 2-23 Next
Business to consumer (B2C)Sale of goods to general public
Short for electronic commerce Business transaction that occurs over
the Internet
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click E-commerce below Chapter 2
Click to view video
Other Internet Services
What is e-mail?
p. 91 Next
Short for electronic mail The transmission of messages and files via a computer
network Messages can consist of simple text or can contain attachments,
such as documents, graphics, or audio/video clips Internet access providers usually provide an e-mail program Some Web sites—such as MSN Hotmail and Yahoo!—provide
free e-mail services One of the original services on the Internet
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click E-Mail below Chapter 2
Other Internet Services
What is an e-mail address?
p. 93 Fig. 2-25 Next
Unique name that consists of a user name and domain name that identifies the user
Other Internet Services
What is FTP?
p. 95 Fig. 2-27 Next
File Transfer Protocol—Internet standard that allows you to upload and download files with other computers on the Internet
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click FTPbelow Chapter 2
Other Internet Services
What is a chat?
p. 98 Fig. 2-30 Next
Real-time typed conversation that takes place on a computer
Chat room is location on server that permits users to discuss topics of interest
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click Web Linkfrom left navigation, then click Chat Rooms below Chapter 2
Click to view video
About Internet Addresses
Domain name: www.palinfonet.com
IP Address: 66.49.211.210 (under IP Version 4)
We could say => http://66.49.211.210
identifies the network
113 identifies specific computer on network
255 x 255 x 255 x 255 = 2**8 x 2**8 x 2**8 x 2**8
That is, 2**32 = 4 billion Internet addresses
About New IPv6 Internet Addresses
A new IP addressing scheme called IPv6 (August 2004)
will lengthen IP addresses from 32 bits to 128 bits and
will provide for 64 x 10**36 IP addresses. That is,
256 undecillion Internet addresses.
2**128 = 2**8 x 2**120 = 256 x (2**30)**4 =
256 billion x billion x billion x billion
Other Internet Services
What is instant messaging (IM)?
p. 2.33 Fig. 2-31 Next
Step 2.The server determines if any of your established friends, family, or coworkers, called buddies, are online
Step 3.You send instant messages to an online buddy
Step 1.Login to the IM server
IM Server
Step 4.Your Instant Message travels through a messaging server and then to the online buddy
messaging Server
A real-time Internet communications service that notifies you when one or more people are online and allows you to exchange messages or files