Chapter 20

Antimicrobial Drugs

Chemotherapy

• Antibiotic

• Synthetic

• Semisynthetic

• Bactericidal

• Bacteriostatic

Spectrum of activity

• Broad spectrum

• Narrow spectrum

• Selective toxicity

Action of antimicrobial drugs

• Inhibition of cell wall synthesis

Action of antimicrobial drugs

• Inhibition of cell wall synthesis

• Inhibition of protein synthesis

Action of antimicrobial drugs

• Inhibition of cell wall synthesis

• Inhibition of protein synthesis

• Injury to plasma membrane

Action of antimicrobial drugs

• Inhibition of cell wall synthesis

• Inhibition of protein synthesis

• Injury to plasma membrane

• Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis

• Inhibition of synthesis of essential metabolites

Other antimicrobials

• Antifungal drugs

• Antiviral drugs

• Antiprotozoan drugs

• Antihelminthic drugs

Evaluation of antimicrobials

• Disk-diffusion method

Evaluation of antimicrobials

• Disk-diffusion method

• Broth dilution tests

Effectiveness of antimicrobial agents

• Drug resistance

• Antibiotic safety

• Combination of drugs