chapter 21 protists do now: answer these in your notebooks 1- how do protists move? 2- how do...
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Chapter 21 ProtistsDo Now: Answer these in your notebooks
1- How do protists move?
2- How do protists obtain energy?
3- What domain and kingdom are they in?
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Protist Diversity
Most diverse of all organisms
Mostly unicellular, some multicellular
First group to evolve into multicellular & cell specialization
Characteristics:Characteristics:
Kingdom Protista, Domain Eukarya
Plant-like, Animal- Like and Fungus-likeMovement (flagella, cilia, pseudopodia)Live in water or damp soilsSome parasitic
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Protist Reproduction
Asexual and
Sexual Reproductio
n• Asexually spores• Sexually Unicellular
or Multicellular
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Sexual reproduction in Unicellular Protists
– Unicellular- •Haploid cell divides
by mitosismitosis, produces gametes
•Gametes fuse, forms diploid zygote
•MeiosisMeiosis forms haploid cells
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Sexual Reproduction in Multicellular Protists
Either through alternation of generations or
conjugation
1- Alternation of Generations-1- Alternation of Generations-
2 phases: Diploid & Haploid2 phases: Diploid & Haploid
2- 2- Conjugation-Conjugation- temporary bridge between 2 protists, pass genetic information and forms a new “filament”
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Types of Protists!!
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Amoeba and their Pseudopodia
Amoebas:Amoebas:
Move & Eat by cytoplasmic cytoplasmic extensions – extensions – pseudopodiapseudopodia
•No cell wall or flagellaNo cell wall or flagella
•Reproduce by fission Reproduce by fission (divisions)(divisions)
•Can be parasiticCan be parasitic
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Algae• Photosynthetic!• Green Algae (chlorophyll)
– Unicellular – freshwater– Multicellular- marine water
• Plankton!
• Red Algae (Red pigments)– Multicellular, live in deep oceans
• Brown Algae (brown pigments)– Large multicellular– Kelp
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The Flagellates
All use flagellaAll use flagella• Dinoflagellates
– Unicellular, 2 flagella, heterotrophic or autotrophic
– Red tides & “BioLum”
• Euglenoids– Unicellular, 2
flagella, heterotrophic and autotrophic
– EyespotsEyespots
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The Cilliates•Cilia
(movement & food)
•Unicellular heterotrophs
•Paramecium are ciliates
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Draw the Protists!
AmeobaCilliateEuglena
Label the structures !!
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Topic 1: Other Protists• Slime Molds
– Cellular- individual, colonial and spores
– Plasmodial- many nuclei
• Water mold & Downy Mildews- potato famine
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“Dog Vomit” Slime Mold
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Fuligo septica
• The blood like drops are liquefied fungal tissue
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Slime Mold In A Fish Aquarium
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Water mold on dead larval mayfly/stonefly
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Topic 1: Parasitic Protists!!
•SporozoansSporozoans–Parasitic–Non-motile, unicellular–Asexual and sexual–Diseases like malaria
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Topic 2: Good and Bad Protists
• Good- – Digestive tracts– Plankton- oxygen and food– Recycle chemicals back into environment
• Bad– DiseasesDiseases
•MalariaMalaria- PlasmodiumPlasmodium in mosquitoes– Infected mosquito bites human and transmits
sporozoite– Sporozoite infects liver cells and produces
merozoits– Merozoites infect red blood cells