chapter 21: social interaction how groups affect our behavior?
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 21: Social InteractionHow groups affect our behavior?
Social Facilitation Theory
• If you are really good at something….or it is an easy task…you will perform BETTER in front of a group.
• If it is a difficult task or you are not very good at it…you will perform WORSE in front of a group (social impairment).
Social Loafing
• The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling efforts toward a common goal than if they were individually accountable.
• Diffusion of responsibility
Being part of a group can also lead to…
• Risky Shift
Deindividuation
• People get swept up in a group and lose sense of self.
• Feel anonymous and aroused.
• Explains rioting behaviors.
Group Polarization
• Groups tend to make more extreme decisions than the individual.
Types of Leaders
• Authoritarian• Democratic• Laissez-Faire
Social Norms
• Standards of behavior that a group of people share– Can you think of examples?
• Adjusting one’s behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.
Examples…
Asch’s Study of Conformity
Asch’s Results
• About 1/3 of the participants conformed.
• 70% conformed at least once.
What makes people conform?
• Culture• Need to be accepted• Size of group• If group is unanimous• If group is the “in-group” or
considered popular or well liked
Obedience
Milgram’s Study of Obedience B
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Results of the Milgram Study
Why do people obey?
• Its taught!!!– Don’t question authority– Its YOUR job– Do as I say…not as I do
Aggression
Psychology of Aggression
• Biological view• Psychoanalytic view• Cognitive view• Learning view• Sociocultural view
Altruism
• Unselfish concern for the welfare of other people
Bystander effect
• People are less likely to help when other people are present– Video
Effects of the Bystander Effect
• Kitty Genovese case in NY.
• More videos