chapter 2—the greek world · athens/golden age 480-430 bce kritios boy ca. 480 bce . golden...
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 2—The Greek World
“We are all Greeks.” -Shelley
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The center of the world during 5-4 centuries BCE
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Polis = Greece had about 300 city-states… .
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…and a total of 1500 when you include the colonies.
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The Acropolis in Athens = top of the city
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The Porch of the Maidens or the Caryatids
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Agora of Athens or market place
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Stoa or market building
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Pre-“Greek”—Aegean Culture Bronze age—3000-1200 BCE
Cycladic 3000-1600 BCE—marble statues, Cycladic=circle
Minoan 2000-1400 BCE—King Minos, Knossos, Goddess with Snakes, Bull Jumper, and Arthur Evans who discovered Knossos
Mycenaean 1600-1200 BCE—mainland Greece. Schliemann discovered Troy and the Mycenaean culture. They built great palaces and were preoccupied with death.
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Cycladic 3000-1600 BCE
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Cycladic Period
3000-1600 BCE
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Cycladic Period ca. 2500 BCE
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Minoan 2000-1400 BCE
• Seafaring kingdom
• Seemingly safe and secure society
• Human sacrifice
• Minotaur , which was a human + bull due to the child of the queen and a sacred bull produced
• 1623 BCE the great earthquake
• Arthur Evans discovered Knossos
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Santorini / Thera
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Santorini
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Bull-leaping mural on palace walls
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Goddess with Snakes—Knossos ca. 1700-1550 BCE history is in
question.
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Arthur Evans
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The Palace of Minos
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Throne room
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House of the Double Axes Labyrinth = double axe
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Palace of Minos, Knossos ca. 1700-1300 BCE
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Mycenaean 1600-1200 BCE
• Aggressive and militant just the opposite from the Minoans
• The Legend of the Cyclops
• 1200 BCE Mycenaean attacked Troy, Turkey. Hence, this was the basis for the Iliad and Odyssey.
• Heinrich Schliemann
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Heinrich Schliemann
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Mycenae’s Lion Gate ca. 1300 BCE with
Cyclopean masonry.
It took Cyclopes to build the palace hence
the name.
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“Mask of
Agamemnon”
Mycenaean ca. 1600-1550 BCE
NB The mustache and ears might
have been added by Schliemann
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Vaphio Cup ca. 1650-1450 BCE
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Heroic Age—1200-750 BCE
Greek City-State/Persian—502-449 BCE
Golden Age—480-430 BCE
Hellenistic Period—323-146 BCE
Greek Cultural Periods
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• The Trojan Wars ca. 1800-1300 BCE were
the basis for Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey.
• The Odyssey is about Agamemnon attempt to retrieve Helen from Troy by Odysseus/Ulysses.
• The Iliad is a story of part of the Trojan Wars with Achilles.
The Heroic Age—1200-750 BCE
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Greek City-State/Persian Wars—750-480 BCE
Delphi’s navel of the world….
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The Charioteer of Delphi 474 BCE
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The Temple
of Apollo is the
place of the
Delphic Oracle and the fumes.
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Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian columns
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Kouros ca. 530 BCE Kouros ca. 600 BCE
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Kore 530 BCE
After and before….
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The Temple
of Athena 447 BCE
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Athens/Golden Age 480-430 BCE
Kritios Boy ca. 480 BCE
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Golden Age—480-430 BCE
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Parthenon –temple of the virgin goddess 438 BCE
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The Porch of the Caryatids or the Maidens—ca. 406 BCE
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Riace Warrior 450 BCE
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Hellenistic Period 323 BCE–146 BCE
Many scholars date this period from the death of Alexander the Great
to the conquest of the Romans.
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Nike Adjusting Her Sandal ca. 410-407 BCE
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Veiled and Masked Dancer ca. 250 BCE
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Laocoon and His Sons 25 BCE
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Venus de Milo ca. 130-120 BCE
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Market Woman ca. 2nd century BCE
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Winged Nike ca. 190 BCE
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Plato’s Allegory of the Cave