chapter 3

Empowering Programs with Resources that Enhance Social

Work Education

©2012, Cengage Learning, Brooks/ ©2012, Cengage Learning, Brooks/ Cole PublishingCole Publishing

Counsel on Social Work Education (CSWE) Defines Educational Policy and

Accreditation Standards (EPAS) Developed Ten “Core Competencies”

and 41 related “Practice Behaviors” Every Student should master the Practice

Behaviors and Core Competencies before completing their program


The Textbook – “Helping Hands” icon call attention to content

that relates to Practice Behaviors and Competencies.

“Competency Notes” at the end of each chapter help put the Practice Behaviors and Competencies in practical context.

©2012, Cengage Learning, Brooks/ ©2012, Cengage Learning, Brooks/

Cole PublishingCole Publishing

The Practice Behaviors Workbook developed with the text provides assignable exercises that assist in mastering the Practice Behaviors and Competencies.

Additional Online Resources can be found a www.cengage.com/socialwork.


http://www.cengage.com/socialwork

Fashioning a New SocietyFashioning a New Societyin the Wildernessin the Wilderness


Restrictive interpretations of the Elizabethan Poor Law

Denial of civil liberties to the poor Harsh use of laws of settlement Children were often subjected to harsh

treatment Sexism was rampant with women not even

allowed to read in many places

2.14©2012, Cengage Learning, Brooks/ ©2012, Cengage Learning, Brooks/


The founders gave the federal government the power to regulate interstate commerce, which was used in the 20th century to regulate the working conditions of workers whose companies shipped goods to other states

The founders included a clause that allowed the federal government to enact laws that furthered the nation’s “general welfare.”

This ill-defined clause was later used by social reformers to justify a range of social interventions

2.1.7©2012, Cengage Learning, Brooks/ ©2012, Cengage Learning, Brooks/


The founders stipulated that the federal government could “make all laws that shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the fore going powers”

By allowing the Constitution to be amended, the founders provided a mechanism for change

2.1.9 ©2012, Cengage Learning, Brooks/ ©2012, Cengage Learning, Brooks/


The absence, in a rural society with small towns, of the social problems that exist in an urbanized society

The belief that the colonists were creating a society that would not have the major social problems that bedeviled Europe

The legacy of local poor law traditions and private philanthropy, which led the framers to assume that local institutions would suffice

The widespread assumption that the federal government would possess relatively scant resources. While the Constitution empowered the federal government to “raise revenue,” many framers opposed the imposition of large federal taxes



They lived within relatively restrictive boundaries with few exceptions

As the subordinate party, women were expected to be obedient, to confine themselves to household duties

It was widely assumed that women were “weaker vessels”

The economic roles of women were circumscribed

Much of the work that women undertook—as domestic servants, small retailers, spinsters, or midwives—was not organized into guilds or crafts

2.1.4


Women had few legal protections in the medieval period

The colonists also assigned authority in families and in society to men

The Declaration of Independence and the American Constitution made no mention of “women” in their many passages

No one even thought to give women the right to vote

Women could own property and sign contracts when they were unmarried or widowed, but they could not usually retain property or sign contracts when married

2.1.4


Women were excluded altogether from the professions of law and medicine

Women suffered extraordinary hardship because no adequate method of birth control existed

Laws existed in many colonies, as well, that forbade physical abuse of women and children and that punished rapists, although then (as now) many rapists escaped punishment by alleging that the woman had consented



The settlers attempted to wrest the land from the First Americans in a manner that would make their exploitation appear to be compatible with moral codes

First Americans were made to sign under threat of coercion, while intoxicated, or in exchange for money or gifts

Violence and slaughtering of First Americans Displacement of the First Americans from their tribal lands Forceful conversion to Christianity Spread of epidemics like smallpox, cholera, and diphtheria

2 .1.5


Slaves were a self-replenishing source of labor Slaves could be brutally disciplined without the

surveillance of local courts The Southern plantation owners had to develop

laws that circumscribed the rights of slaves and punished those whites who chose not to cooperate in maintaining slavery

Many slaveholders believed that harsh treatment of slaves helped teach them discipline and good work habits



A robust tradition of policy advocacy during the declaration of independence

Observing policy advocacy from Dr. Benjamin Rush

2.1.3


Distinctly different approaches of liberal and conservatives to interpreting the Constitution in the 20th and 21st centuries that were present even in the colonial period



Avoiding sexism and racism Address the ongoing oppression of many

vulnerable populations in contemporary society Not only is oppression of vulnerable populations

unethical; it is costly to the general public Moralistic approaches to myriad social

problems continue to impede constructive efforts to help and empower people

2.1.3


The Colonial era experience suggests that contemporary American public policy should help people of modest means gain access to land and homes

Existing policies often benefit current homeowners more than they help potential owners

2.1.3


Building a welfare state in the coming centuries “from the bottom” upward

Many social problems would subsequently require a federal response due to their complexity, their prevalence across the nation, or their cost

Americans would likely develop many means-tested social programs that conditioned the receipt of benefits or services upon tests of character and income

2.1.3


Relatively harsh means-tested welfare programs even if poor houses no longer exist in contemporary society

Key provisions of the U.S. Constitution as amended by the Bill of Rights

Immigration policies that allowed many persons to enter the nation—setting in motion a society that would become an “immigrant nation” to an extent unrivaled by any other society

2.1.5 ©2012, Cengage Learning, Brooks/ ©2012, Cengage Learning, Brooks/ Cole PublishingCole Publishing

chapter 3

Education

cengage learning

brooks cole publishing

medicine women

mention of women

federal government

economic roles of women

physical abuse of women

related practice behaviors