Chapter 3

1. When presented with tones from loud to soft and raising their hands whenever they hear a sound.a. Auditory convergenceb. Refractory thresholdc. Absolute thresholdd. Difference threshold

2. If you move to a new city and don’t like the water the people who live there have probably gotten use to it which is called

a. Sensory adaptationb. Sensory inhibitionc. Sensory illusiond. A reaction formation

Chapter 4

3. Pavlov taught a dog to salivate at the sound of a musical tone by repeatedly pairing the tone with food. In this example, the musical tone is the _____ before conditioning and the _____ after conditioning.

a. unconditioned response; conditioned responseb. unconditioned stimulus; conditioned stimulusc. neutral stimulus; conditioned stimulusd. unconditioned stimulus; unconditioned response

4. Which psychologist(s) strongly insisted that that psychology should only study observable behaviors, not mental processes or consciousness?

a. Martin Seligman and Steven Maierb. Robert Rescorlac. Edward C. Tolman and Albert Bandurad. John B. Watson and B. F. Skinner

5. Rewarding behaviors as they get closer to the desired behavior is called ____________.a. Shapingb. Secondary learningc. Desensitizationd. Negative reinforcement

6. When someone learns they can’t do anything and give up even trying and then later are able to do something but still won’t try this is called _______________.

a. Vicarious learningb. Aversive conditioningc. Avoidance learningd. Learned helplessness

7. A child of 2 busy parents throws tantrums. When he throws the tantrums the parents fuss and cajole him which increases his tantrums. The parents fussing serves as ________________.

a. A punisherb. A positive reinforcerc. An unconditioned responsed. A negative reinforce

8. When Micah was 2 years old, he was frightened by his Aunt Mabel's deranged Chihuahua, which nipped him on the leg. Because of the incident, Micah developed a strong fear of small dogs but not large dogs. This best illustrates which of the following?

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a. spontaneous recoveryb. stimulus discriminationc. stimulus generalizationd. extinction

9. There are so many slots in short term memory and that new memory bumps out old memory which is then forgotten. This theory is ____________.

a. Interference theoryb. Retrieval theoryc. Filter theoryd. Decay theory

10. As you are reading this question right now, you are consciously processing the meaning of the words in which stage of memory?

a. sensory memoryb. short-term memoryc. long-term memoryd. episodic memory

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