chapter 3 forces. newton’s second law forces and motion are connected –an object will have...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Chapter 3 Forces. Newton’s Second Law Forces and motion are connected –An object will have greater acceleration if a greater force is applied to it. –The](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649e0d5503460f94af6aca/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 3
Forces
![Page 2: Chapter 3 Forces. Newton’s Second Law Forces and motion are connected –An object will have greater acceleration if a greater force is applied to it. –The](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649e0d5503460f94af6aca/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Newton’s Second Law
• Forces and motion are connected– An object will have greater
acceleration if a greater force is applied to it.
– The mass of an object and the force applied to it affect acceleration.
![Page 3: Chapter 3 Forces. Newton’s Second Law Forces and motion are connected –An object will have greater acceleration if a greater force is applied to it. –The](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649e0d5503460f94af6aca/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Newton’s Second Law
• Acceleration equals net force divided by mass.
• Friction- force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are touching each other.
F=ma
![Page 4: Chapter 3 Forces. Newton’s Second Law Forces and motion are connected –An object will have greater acceleration if a greater force is applied to it. –The](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649e0d5503460f94af6aca/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Newton’s Second Law
– microwelds, areas where surface bumpers stick together, are the source of friction.
– Static friction=two surfaces not moving past each other
– Sliding friction= opposes the motion of 2 surfaces sliding past each other
– Rolling friction=between the rolling object and the surface it rolls on (tire on pavement)
![Page 5: Chapter 3 Forces. Newton’s Second Law Forces and motion are connected –An object will have greater acceleration if a greater force is applied to it. –The](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649e0d5503460f94af6aca/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Newton’s Second Law
• Air Resistance-opposes force of gravity
– amount depends on object’s shape, size and speed
– terminal velocity- forces on a falling object are balanced and the object falls with constant speed
upward force exerted on an object falling through air-explains why a
brick falls faster than a feather
![Page 6: Chapter 3 Forces. Newton’s Second Law Forces and motion are connected –An object will have greater acceleration if a greater force is applied to it. –The](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649e0d5503460f94af6aca/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Gravity
• Law of Gravitation-any two masses exert an attractive force on each other.
– One of the 4 basic forces that also include the electromagnetic force, the strong nuclear force, and the weak nuclear force.
– Long range force that gives the universe its structure
Amount of gravitation force between objects depends on their masses and the distance between them.
![Page 7: Chapter 3 Forces. Newton’s Second Law Forces and motion are connected –An object will have greater acceleration if a greater force is applied to it. –The](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649e0d5503460f94af6aca/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Gravity
• Due to inertia, all objects fall with the same acceleration regardless of mass.
An object that is in free fall seems to be weightless
9.8 m/s²
![Page 8: Chapter 3 Forces. Newton’s Second Law Forces and motion are connected –An object will have greater acceleration if a greater force is applied to it. –The](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649e0d5503460f94af6aca/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Gravity
• Weight– decreases as an object moves away from
Earth.– weight results from a force; mass is a measure
of how much matter an object contains
weight=measure of the force of
gravity on an object
N
mass=measure of the amount of matter in an
object
g and kg
![Page 9: Chapter 3 Forces. Newton’s Second Law Forces and motion are connected –An object will have greater acceleration if a greater force is applied to it. –The](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649e0d5503460f94af6aca/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Gravity
• Objects in the space shuttle float because they have no force supporting them.
![Page 10: Chapter 3 Forces. Newton’s Second Law Forces and motion are connected –An object will have greater acceleration if a greater force is applied to it. –The](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649e0d5503460f94af6aca/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Gravity
• Projectiles have horizontal and vertical velocities due to gravity, and follow a curved path.
Always curved
parallel to Earth’s surface
![Page 11: Chapter 3 Forces. Newton’s Second Law Forces and motion are connected –An object will have greater acceleration if a greater force is applied to it. –The](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649e0d5503460f94af6aca/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Gravity
• Acceleration toward the center of a curved path is called centripetal acceleration; it is caused by centripetal force, an unbalanced force. (car rounding a curve)– satellites are anything that moves around
another body in a generally circular path.
Circle
moon=natural satellite
space station=artificial satellite
![Page 12: Chapter 3 Forces. Newton’s Second Law Forces and motion are connected –An object will have greater acceleration if a greater force is applied to it. –The](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649e0d5503460f94af6aca/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The Third Law of Motion
• To every action force there is an equal and opposite reaction force.– action-reaction forces act on different
objects and differ from balanced forces– example= rocket propulsion
action force up=reaction force down
action force right=reaction force left
![Page 13: Chapter 3 Forces. Newton’s Second Law Forces and motion are connected –An object will have greater acceleration if a greater force is applied to it. –The](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649e0d5503460f94af6aca/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
The Third Law of Motion
• Momentum-related to how much force is needed to change an object’s motion.
momentum=mass times velocityp=mv
p=momentum
kg X m/s
![Page 14: Chapter 3 Forces. Newton’s Second Law Forces and motion are connected –An object will have greater acceleration if a greater force is applied to it. –The](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022082819/56649e0d5503460f94af6aca/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
The Third Law of Motion
• Law of conservation of momentum-momentum can be transferred between objects; momentum is not lost or gained in the transfer
When two objects collide…