CHAPTER 3 SCIENCE

3.1what is matter

Everything (living-things or non living-things)which has mass and occupies space is called matter. Non-matterNon-matter do not have mass and do not occupy space.

Light Sound Heat3.2 The States of Matter

1. Matter is made up of fine and tiny small discrete particles.2. We may determine the states of matter by their arrangement of particles.3. Matter is made up of very small particles. 4. These particles are so small that they cannot be seen even with a microscope. 5. These particles are the basic units of matter. 6. There are spaces between the particles because they are discrete. 7. The particles of matter can move.

THe three states of matter

Brownian Movement

Brownian motion is the movement of particles without direction and this can be seen by viewing a smoke cell under microscope.

Movement of particles in matter

Properties of solid,lliquid & gas

3.3 THE CONCEPT OF DENSITY

Density is defined as mass per unit volume. Density(g/cm3)= Mass (g) / Volume (cm3) The density of substance increases if :-mass increases-volume increases Different substances have different density.We can know the density of a substance if we know the mass and volume of the substance.

to compare the densities of objects?

An substance which is less dense will float in a denser liquid. A denser liquid will sink in a less denser liquid.

tHE USE OF PROPERTIES OF MATTER IN EVERYDAY LIFE

1. Man can apply different states of matter and the concept of density in everyday life.

2. Man can make use of his knowledge of the application of the different states of matter to enable him to store and transport gases and liquids.

3. Man can also make use of concept of density in everyday life. Some example are:a. Buoy. The buoy is filled with air and has a lower density than water. b. Raft. The raft has a lower density than water. c. Logs. The logs have a lower density than water.