chapter 3 with answer

Chapter 3: Biodiversity

3.1) The Variety of Living Organisms

1. Biodiversity is the variety of different types of living organisms in a particular area.

2. Classifications is the sorting of living organisms into groups based on common

characteristics.

3.2) Classification of Animals

1. Animals are divided into vertebrate and invertebrate

2.

1 © Gabriel Chua, 2013

Living OrganismsAni

mals

PlantsVerteb

rateMammalsReptilesAmphibiansBirdsFish

Invertebrate

Non-floweringAlgaeMossesFernsConifers

FloweringMonocotyledonsDicotyledons

Jointed legs Without jointed legs

3 pairs of legs Grasshopper Ants Cockroach

Worm-like Earthworm Roundworm

4 pairs of legs Spider Scorpions Ticks

Non-worm like Squid Octopus Starfish

More than 4 pairs of legs Crab Prawns Centipede

Invertebrate

Living organisms

Animals Plants

Invertebrate Vertebrate Fish Reptiles Amphibians Birds Mammals

Non-flowering Algae Mosses Ferns Conifers

Flowering Monocotyledons Dicotyledons

3. Vertebrates

Aspect Fish Reptiles Amphibians Birds MammalsLive in Water Mostly in

landYoung: WaterAdult: Land and water

Air and land Mostly in land except whales and dolphins

Blood temperature

Cold-blooded Cold-blooded Cold-blooded Warm-blooded

Warm-blooded

Body covered with

Scales Dry scaly skins

Moist skin Feather Fur

Movement Swim by fins Limbs Young: Swim by finsAdult: Jump and swim by limbs

Fly using wings

Limbs

Breathe by Gills Lungs Young: GillsAdult:Lungs and skin

Lungs Lungs

Reproduction Lay eggs, External fertilization

Lay eggs, Internal fertilization

Lay eggs, External fertilization

Lay eggs, Internal fertilization

Give birth except for platypus & anteater, Internal fertilisation

3.3) Classifications of Plants

1. Plants can be divided into flowering and non-flowering plants.

2. Both flowering and non-flowering plants have chlorophyll to make their own food.


More than 4 pairs of legs Crab Prawns Centipede

3 pairs of legsButterflyBeetleCockcroach

4 pairs of legsSpidersScorpionsTicks> 4

pairs of legsMilipedesCentipedesShrimpsCrabs

Worm-likeEarthwormFlatwormLeech

Non-worm likeStarfishJellyfishSnailsCuttlefish

Flowering plants

Monoctyledons

Produce seeds with 1 cotyledonsLeaves have parallel veinsFlower petals in multiple of 3Have fibrous rootsHerbaceous plants (soft stem)

Dicotyledons

Produce seeds with 2 cotyledonsLeaves have netted veinsFlower petals in multiple of 4 or 5Have tap rootsWoody stems (hard)

3.

4. Flowering plants have flowers, reproduce by seeds and have true leaves, stems and

roots.

5.

3.4) Importance of Biodiversity

1. Importance of biodiversity are:

a) Balance the nature

All living organisms depend on each other for survival

b) Source of medicines and herbs


Non-flowering

Algae Mosses Ferns Conifers

Unicell or multicell

No true stem, leaves and roots

Live in water and moist areas

Simple plant No true stem,

leaves and roots

Reproduce by spores

Live in damp areas

Have true stem, leaves and roots

Reproduce by spores

Grow in moist and shady areas

Have true stems, leaves and roots

Produce cones

Reproduce through seeds in cones

Non-flowering – all have chlorophyll for photosynthesisAl

gae

Unicell or multicellNo true stems, leaves or rootsLive in water & moist areas

Simple plantNo true stems, leaves or rootsReproduce by sporesGrow in damp area

Have true stems, leaves and rootsReproduce by sporesGrow in moist and shady area

Have true stems, leaves and rootsProduce conesReproduce through seeds in cones

Mosses

Ferns

Conifer

Some plants and animals have medicinal properties such as tongkat ali and

Pokok Bintangor.

c) Source of raw materials

Raw materials from plants and animals are used for making furniture, clothing

etc.

d) Source of fresh air

Air (oxygen and carbon dioxide) is recycled with the presence of both animals

and plants.

p/s: Other correct explanations are acceptable too.


chapter 3 with answer

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