Chapter 5-1 Notes (History and Government)

I.Ancient Europe

•European civilizations began around 2,500 years ago in ancient Greece and Rome known as the __________ world.

•The city-state of _______ was home of the world’s first democracy.

•Phillip II and ______________ the Great conquered all of Greece spreading Greek culture to Egypt and Persia.

•Rome, located on the ___________ Peninsula, became a republic (choose) in 509 BC.

•The foundation of Roman law was based on the ____________.

•The republic grew into an empire under the emperor of Caesar _____________.

•___________ rose during his rule and became the official religion.

Classical

Athens

Alexander

Italian

12 Tables

Augustus

Christianity

II. Expansion of Europe

A. After Rome’s defeat by the Germanic tribes, Europe entered a 1,000 time period known as the ___________ Ages.

B. Life in W. Europe revolved around the _________ Church led by the pope.

C. In E. Europe, the Byzantine Empire spread Christianity through the East __________ Church led by emperors.

D. ___________, a powerful king, united most of W. Europe in 800’s.

E. After his death, the empire broke into small kingdoms, which operated under a system called ____________.

F. When feudalism declined, kingdoms began to develop into _______-states (countries).

G. The _______________, rebirth, was a time of renewed interest in art and learning from 1350 to 1550.

Middle

Catholic

Orthodox

Charlemagne

feudalism

nation

Renaissance

H. In 1517, Martin ________ to reform some church practices that he thought was wrong which led to Protestantism.

I. With new power and technology, monarchs sent ________ overseas to look for spices and gold.

J. European monarchs began setting up ________ in the Americas, Asia, and Africa.

III. Modern Europe

A. Europe experienced several __________ (changes) in the 1600’s.

B. During the __________ revolution, people used science and reason rather than faith as a guide.

C. In the Age of ____________, thinkers like John Locke, promoted natural rights (life, liberty, & property).

D. During the _________ Revolution (Britain), machines and factories made goods faster and cheaper.

Luther

explorers

colonies

revolutions

scientific

Enlightenment

Industrial

E. __________ helped countries grow powerful and allowed them to develop new weapons and compete for colonies.

F. Tensions led to ______ and ______ and Europe was left in ruins.

G. 6 millions Jews were killed by Hitler during the _____________.

H. After WWII, the U.S. and the Soviet Union fought for world power during the _______ War.

I. Much of W. Europe (_________) allied w/ the U.S. and E. Europe (___________) allied w/ the Soviet Union.

J. In 1991, the Soviet Union broke apart and most communist countries became ______________.

K. In 1993, several countries formed the European _________ w/the goal to unify Europe.

Industry

WWI WWII

Holocaust

Cold

democraticcommunist

democratic

Union

Chapter 5-2 Notes (Cultures and Lifestyles)

I.Population Patterns

A.Many different _________ groups live in Europe due to migrations, wars, and changing boundaries.

B.Ethnic loyalties have created bonds and ____________.

C.Fighting among ethnic groups resulted in ___________ splitting up into 7 separate countries.

D.Europeans value democracy and expect the governments to care for their citizens. Many countries are ___________ states.

E.Since WWII, people have ____________ from Asia, Africa, L. America though its total population has been declining.

II.Life in Europe

A. As a result of the Industrial Revolution, many left rural areas to the cities known as _______________.

ethnic

conflict

Yugoslavia

welfare

immigrated

urbanization

B. Paris and _________ are the 2 largest cities in the world. Most cities have government-owned transit (rail systems and subways)

C. An underwater tunnel, the _________, connect England and France.

D. Highways also allow high-speed travel like Germany’s _________.

E. Europeans are well educated and have a ________ literacy rate. This allows people to work in service industries.

F. Ice hockey, skiing, rugby, and ________ are favorite pastimes.

G. Many Europeans are________, nonreligious, though its has a major impact on life and art.

H. _____________ is practiced W. Europe, Protestantism is N. Europe, and Eastern Orthodoxy, in the southern part of E. Europe.

I. Judaism and Islam have also influence Europe’s __________.

London

Chunnel

autobahn

high

soccer

secular

Catholicism

cultures

MIDDLE AGESFEUDALISM CITY LIFE

LORD- SERVED AS-

VASSALS- GUILDS-

TENANTS- APPRENTICIES-

SERFS- CHARTERS-

MIDDLE AGESFEUDALISM - CITY LIFE

LORD- SERVED AS-

VASSALS- GUILDS-

TENANTS- APPRENTICIES-

SERFS- CHARTERS-

Received land in exchange for service to the king.

Received land from the lords in return for military service.

Nobles/ Knights

Paid rent for their land to work freely.

Peasant laborers, who were not very free.

Centers of trade and manufacturing

Medieval workers organization (union)

Young worker who learned a trade/skill from a master teacher

Written agreement guaranteeing privileges/freedoms

Social & political system based on farming