UNDER IMPERIAL UNDER IMPERIAL SPAINSPAIN

CHAPTER 5CHAPTER 5

Causes of European expansion Causes of European expansion in Asiain Asia

the need for spicesthe need for spices Gold, God and Gold, God and GloryGlory

Still EAST meets WESTStill EAST meets WEST

The inclusion of Asian trade to that of Europe to The inclusion of Asian trade to that of Europe to the flow of economic products and the wealth of the flow of economic products and the wealth of Asia to European societies resulted to the Asia to European societies resulted to the dynamic interaction between cultures. dynamic interaction between cultures.

Trade also brought to nation states particularly Trade also brought to nation states particularly the major powers of the time, Spain and Portugal, the major powers of the time, Spain and Portugal, that intensified European rivalries for the favor of that intensified European rivalries for the favor of oriental productsoriental products

The Lusitanian-Hispanic The Lusitanian-Hispanic rivalry in maritime rivalry in maritime

discoveriesdiscoveries

Spain vs. PortugalSpain vs. Portugal

Spain VS. PortugalSpain VS. Portugal Portugal was the first country to Portugal was the first country to

use innovation in the exploration use innovation in the exploration and had discovered Azores islands and had discovered Azores islands in the Atlantic and which led to the in the Atlantic and which led to the discovery of the Americas and the discovery of the Americas and the west coast of Africawest coast of Africa

Spain however led the first truly Spain however led the first truly momentous exploration the momentous exploration the westward route to India and the westward route to India and the explorations of Christopher explorations of Christopher Columbus of the southern Columbus of the southern AmericasAmericas

Pope Alexander VI mediated Pope Alexander VI mediated between the rivalry of the two between the rivalry of the two powers powers

The treaty of Tordesillas was The treaty of Tordesillas was signed between the two powers signed between the two powers which divided the world for two, which divided the world for two, Spain to the West and Portugal to Spain to the West and Portugal to the Eastthe East

THE Magellan ExpeditionTHE Magellan Expedition Ferdinand Magellan was a Portuguese working for the Ferdinand Magellan was a Portuguese working for the

Spanish royaltySpanish royalty Suggested of reaching the island of Maluku (spice Island) by Suggested of reaching the island of Maluku (spice Island) by

sailing westward but rejected by his King sailing westward but rejected by his King In 1518 he convinced Charles V that he could reach Maluku In 1518 he convinced Charles V that he could reach Maluku

in a shorter way through westward and bring back cargo of in a shorter way through westward and bring back cargo of spices spices

Sailed with 5 ships with a crew of 235 men across the Sailed with 5 ships with a crew of 235 men across the pacific ocean pacific ocean

After 98 days of sailing they have discovered Philippines in After 98 days of sailing they have discovered Philippines in march 17 1521march 17 1521

Killed in the island of Mactan Killed in the island of Mactan Only one ship returned the VictoriaOnly one ship returned the Victoria

Maluku and the Maluku and the Philippines Philippines

Legazpi ExpeditionLegazpi Expedition

Three Spanish expeditions followed Magellan’s Three Spanish expeditions followed Magellan’s Expedition the Saavedra (1527-29) the Villalobos Expedition the Saavedra (1527-29) the Villalobos (1541-46) and the Legazpi (1564) (1541-46) and the Legazpi (1564)

Sailed with four vessels with 350 men Sailed with four vessels with 350 men By February 1565 Legazpi reached Cebu and had By February 1565 Legazpi reached Cebu and had

a blood compact with the leaders of the island a blood compact with the leaders of the island Santo Nino of Cebu the first Spanish town in the Santo Nino of Cebu the first Spanish town in the

Philippines and an permanent settlement in the Philippines and an permanent settlement in the archipelago archipelago

Political InstitutionsPolitical Institutions

The Philippines during the Spanish era was in the The Philippines during the Spanish era was in the political institution established by a colonial political institution established by a colonial powerpower

The Philippines was under the captaincy general The Philippines was under the captaincy general of the Spanish king of the Spanish king

Colonial Philippines was divided into levels of Colonial Philippines was divided into levels of administration from central to national, administration from central to national, provincial, city, municipal and barrio levelsprovincial, city, municipal and barrio levels

The spokesperson of the king is the Governor The spokesperson of the king is the Governor General who handled the army, navy and the General who handled the army, navy and the supreme court supreme court