chapter 5 copyright © 2007 thomson delmar learning 5.1 firefighter safety
TRANSCRIPT
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Firefighter Safety
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Objectives (1 of 3)
• Define risk management.
• List the leading causes of death and injury in the fire service.
• List the NFPA standards that affect and pertain to firefighter occupational safety.
• List the five components that make up the accident chain.
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Objectives (2 of 3)
• List the three components of the safety triad.
• Discuss the differences between formal and informal procedures.
• Name the three factors that influence the equipment portion of the safety triad.
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Objectives (3 of 3)
• Name the three factors that influence the personnel portion of the safety triad.
• Name the three partners that work together to achieve firefighter safety.
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Introduction
• Firefighting is filled with the potential for getting seriously injured or killed.
• Today’s firefighter understands that certain risks have no tangible benefit.
• The firefighter needs to look at the causes of injuries and deaths associated with firefighting.
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Safety Issues
• It is important to understand what events and circumstances lead to injury.
• Standards and regulations directly affect some of the training and tactics the fire service uses today.
• Firefighters need to understand the importance of accident prevention steps.
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Firefighter Injury and Death Causes
• One-half of all duty deaths and injuries occur at the incident site.
• The other half occur while training, responding to/from an incident, and other duties.– Heart attacks are the leading cause of death.– Trauma is the second leading cause of death.
• Deaths are slowly decreasing.
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Firefighter Deaths and Injuries
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Safety Standards and Regulations (1 of 2)
• In 1970, OSHA was created.– OSHA is responsible for safety-related workplace
regulations.
• Regulations are part of Code of Federal Regulations (CFR).– Originally public agencies were exempt from OSHA’s
CFRs.
• In 1980, states began state OSHA plans that included public agencies.
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Safety Standards and Regulations (2 of 2)
• Firefighting did not fit OSHA procedures and processes.
• Fire service wrote safety and health standard for the fire service.
• NFPA 1500 was written to help fire departments address safety issues.– While other NFPA standards address safety,
NFPA 1500 focuses on safety issues.
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Accident Prevention• Any action designed
to break the accident chain is called an intervention.– Usually a reactive
action
• Mitigation is designed to reduce the potential of creating an accident.– Proactive
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The Safety Triad
• Fire service operational environments are made up of:– Procedures– Equipment– Personnel
• Each component must be addressed to mitigate injuries.
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Procedures
• This is the structure from which all incident activity begins.
• Formal procedures are written as SOPs or SOGs.
• Informal procedures are operations that are part of the routine, but are not in writing.
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Equipment
• Vast amounts of new equipment have been introduced into the fire service.
• Most equipment designed to meet a safety standard.
• Equipment must be maintained and serviced.
• Guidelines are often developed for essential equipment.
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Guidelines
• Guidelines should include:– Selection– Use– Cleaning and decontamination– Storage– Inspections– Repairs– Criteria for retirement
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Equipment Should Be Checked Regularly
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Personnel (1 of 2)
• Human factors are often cited as cause of injuries and death.
• Training, fitness/health, and attitude impact safety.
• Proper training and drills will prevent injuries.
• A firefighter’s body must be able to handle stress.
• Mental health is also an important aspect.
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Personnel (2 of 2)
• Many factors affect safety attitudes.– Department’s safety culture– Department’s history– Examples set by others
• Create a positive safety attitude.– Practicing good safety habits– Learning from others– Being vigilant
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Training
• Regular training is important!!!
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Exercise
• Regular exercise is essential to keep up with the demand of the job.
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Firefighter Safety Responsibility
• Firefighter safety is dependent on the efforts of everyone.– The department– The team– The individual firefighter
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The Department (1 of 2)
• Safety ultimately rests on department’s leadership.
• NFPA 1500 outlines occupational safety and health.
• Proper and expected levels of procedures or behaviors must be defined.
• SOPs or SOGs should be in place.• Proper selection of equipment is important.
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The Department (2 of 2)
• NFPA has standards addressing equipment.
• Department should deliver hazardous awareness training.
• All training is designed for safer operations.– Training is the best means to identify hazards
that will be faced.
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The Team (1 of 2)
• Team approach is very important to ensure safety.
• As a team, the following should be followed.– Use the Incident Management System.– Work together and remain intact.– Look after each other.
• Working as a team reduces the chance of injury.
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The Team (2 of 2)
• Remember: The separation of members within a team is a contributing factor to firefighter fatalities.
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The Individual Firefighter
• You hold the final key to safety.
• Do not try to work while injured.
• Stay within the IMS system.
• Do not perform tasks you’re not trained to do.
• Training should be done ahead of time.
• Working alone endangers you and the team.
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Summary
• One-half of all duty deaths and injuries occur at the incident scene.
• OSHA and NFPA regulations are designed to help minimize injury and illness.
• Using proper procedures, equipment, and trained personnel are important.
• The department, team, and individual must work together.