chapter 5: think chapter five: think copyright © 2011 by pearson education, robert m. sherfield...

CHAPTER 5: THINK

Chapter Five:

Think

Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Robert M. Sherfield & Patricia G. Moody, Cornerstone: Creating Success Through Positive Change, 6th Edition, Chapter 5, Slide 1

Critical Thinking Can Help You…• Focus on relevant issues/problems• Gather key information• Understand and organize thoughts and facts• Analyze problems and causes• Mange priorities and develop plans• Assist in problem-solving skills• Help you control your emotional reactions• Produce new knowledge• Help you determine the accuracy of

information• Assist you in detecting bias and persuasion in

argument


Eight Steps to Critical Thinking p. 105

Emotional Intelligence

Knowing how you and others feel and managing those feelings in a rational manner that is good for both parties.

1. Understand & Use Emotional Intelligence

Perceiving emotionsUsing emotions to facilitate thought

Understanding emotionsManaging emotions

Pg. 106

Amygdala

• Part of the brain’s emotional system

• Protects us when we are afraid or upset

• Feelings before thought• “Fight or flight?” based on previous experience

p. 107

2. Look at Things DifferentlyLook at:

Common issues with uncommon eyes Known problems with new skepticism Everyday conflicts with probing curiosity

Daily challenges with attention to detail

Clues and patterns

1. 4 W on a C2. 2 Ps in a P3. 50 S in t U4. I H a D by MLK

3. Asking Questions and Learning to Tolerate Uncertainty

Uncertainty causes humanity to move forward and create new

knowledge, to keep asking questions and

seeking truth,to let go and accept we will not

know all the answers immediately


4. Identify, Define, Narrow, Solve Problems Identify the symptoms Narrow the issue to find the root

problem Research and develop a variety of

solutions Evaluate all of the possible solutions Solve the problem and evaluate the

results

Problem Solving

5. Making Intelligent DecisionsAvoid making arbitrary decisions, use a system to make decisions instead Solutions in Bloom Diagram p. 116

Decision Making Chart p. 117Assign numerical weights

6. Distinguish Fact v. Opinion A fact can be proven (objectively

verified) An opinion has no objective proof

To distinguish fact v. opinion: Take nothing for granted Consider who is making the assertion Listen for what is not said


7. Seek Truth in Arguments & Persuasions -Fallacious Arguments• Ad baculum• Ad hominem• Ad populum• Ad verecundiam• Bandwagon• Scare tactic• Straw argument• Appeal to tradition• Plain folks• Patriotism• Glittering generalities

Pg. 118

8. Think Creatively and Be Resourceful

Aspect of critical thinking Producing something that is uniquely

yours Requires internal resourcefulness Characteristics: compassion, courage,

truth, dreams, risk-taking, innovation, competition, individuality, curiosity, perseverance p. 122


Chapter Reflections

• Use credible, reliable sources• Learn to distinguish fact from opinion• Be flexible and avoid generalizations• Use emotional intelligence and restraint• Avoid stereotyping and prejudice and

strive for objectivity• Reserve judgment• Do not assume – do the legwork and ask

questions• Distinguish symptoms from problems


Chapter Review

What is emotional intelligence and its purpose?

What is the amygdala and its purpose? How can you differentiate between a fact

and opinion? What is a fallacy and what are some

fallacious argument types? What is information literacy and how does it

affect your thinking? What are the steps to critical thinking?

chapter 5: think chapter five: think copyright © 2011 by pearson education, robert m. sherfield...

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