chapter 5 tissue healing and wound care
TRANSCRIPT
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Tissue Healing and Repair
Chapter 5 or 6
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Injury Mechanisms
Force and Its Effects
Load
Deformation
Yield Point
Elastic Limit
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Forces
Axial Force
Compressive Force Tensile Force
Shear Force
Stress
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Skin Tissue
Epidermis
Dermis Subcutaneous Layer
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Skin Injury Classification
Abrasions
Blisters Skin Bruises
Incisions
Lacerations Avulsions
Punctures
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Tendons, Ligaments, and
Aponeuroses
Tendons
Connect muscle to bone Ligaments
Connect bone to bone
Made up primarily of collagen and elastin
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Muscles
Epimysium
Perimysium Endomysium
Fasciculus
Muscle Fibers
Myofibrils
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Soft Tissue Injury Classification
Contusions (1st, 2nd, 3rd degree)
Ecchymosis (Superficial bleeding) Hematoma (Hardening of the blood)
Strains (1st, 2nd, 3rd degree)
Sprains (1st, 2nd, 3rd degree)
Cramps and Spasms
Myositis and Faciitis
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Soft Tissue Injury Classification
cont.
Tendinitis and Tenosynovitis
Myositis Ossificans Calcific Tendinitis
Bursitis
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Muscle Bruises- Grading
1st degree- Little or no range of motion loss.
2nd
degree- Noticeable loss or range of motion. 3rd degree- Severe restriction of range of
motion. Fascia may be ruptured causing
muscle tissue to protrude.
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Sprains and Strains Grading
1st degree- Limited pain, only microtearing of
the collagen fibers, no loss of function. 2nd degree- More intense pain, partial tearing
of the tissue, joint instability and muscle
weakness.
3rd degree- Severe pain, complete tearing, lossof ROM, complete instability.
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Soft Tissue Healing
Inflammatory Phase (0-6 days)
Proliferation Phase (3-21 days) Regeneration and Maturation Phase (up to 1+
year)
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Acute Inflammatory Response
Granular
Leukocytes
Protein
1st Response
Exudate
Serotonin
Catecholamines
Serum
ATP
Histamine
Noradrenaline
Adrenaline
Serotonin
2nd Response
Platelets
Kinin
Cascade
Complement
Cascade
Axon Reflex
Vasoconstriction
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Bones
Calcium Carbonate
Calcium Phosphate Collagen
Water
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Bone Injury Classification
Fractures
Closed
Compounded
Transverse
Comminuted
Oblique
Epiphyseal
Spiral
Greenstick
Avulsion
Impacted
Depressed
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Nerves
Afferent Nerves (Affectors)
Efferent Nerves (Effectors)
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Nerve Injury Classification
Tensile forces cause stretching of the nerve
fibers. Grade I: Neurapraxia: temporary loss of sensation
and/or motor function.
Grade II: Axonotmesis: significant motor and mild
sensory losses. Grade III: Neurotmesis: motor and sensory losses
persisting for up to one year.