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Name: _____________________________________

Chapter 5: Writing Linear Equations

Section 5.1: Write Linear Equations in Slope-Intercept Form

Slope Intercept form – ____________________________________________________________________

Complete the graph below and write the equation of the line. Then, answer questions a-d.

a) Let’s change the scenario. Now you have a tree that is 12 inches tall and grows at a rate of 5 inches per year. Write the equation in slope-intercept form. b) Using the information from part a, explain what each value represents: (2, 22)

c) You have a tree that is 20 inches tall and grows at a rate of 7 inches per year. Write the equation in slope-intercept form. d) From part c, predict how tall the tree will be in 3 years? How much time has passed when the tree is 5 feet tall?

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Example 2: Write an equation of the line with the given slope and y-intercept.

a. Slope is 8 b. Slope is

5

2

y-intercept is -5 y-intercept is 9

Example 3: Write an equation of a line given two points

a. b.

Example 4: Write an equation of the line that passes through the given points

(0, b) is the ______________________

a. (-6, 0), (0, -24) b. (4, -1), (0, 2)

Example 5: Write an equation for the linear function f with the given values.

f(0) = b is the _______________________

a. f(0) = 4, f(2) = 12 b. f(0) = 3, f(3) = 15

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Example 6: A dance academy charges $20 to use the facility and $25 per hour of instruction.

a. Write an equation that gives the total cost to learn dance at the academy as a

function of hours of instruction.

b. Find the total cost of 2 hours of dance instruction.

Example 7: Use the Graph to answer the questions.

a) y- intercept: ________________________________ b) slope: ___________________________________________ What is the meaning of the slope? c) Equation: _____________________________ d) If you want a balloon that is 8 inches in diameter, how many puffs would it take?

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Section 4.6: Model Direct Variation

Recall Direct Variation – __________________________________________________________________

Constant of variation – _______

Example 1: You love to order your favorite decaf caramel mocha non-fat latte at Starbucks.

You go to Starbuck’s every school day to buy your favorite drink. Assuming you don’t miss

any school days, you end up spending $47.20 in a two-week period.

a) What is the cost of your drink?

b) Write an equation to represent the cost of any number of drinks.

c) Use your equation to figure out how much your coffee would cost in a month with

20 school days.

d) Use your equation to figure out how many cups of coffee you’ve purchased if you

spend $316.24.

Example 2: You go to Chipotle and get the Burrito Bowl each time. You go to Chipotle 19

times in a month and spend $146.87. How much does each burrito bowl cost? Write the

direct variation equation.

Example 3: Given that y varies directly with x, Use the specified values to write a direct

variation equation that relates x and y.

a. x = 2, y = 4 b. x = 3, y = -10 c x = -8, y = -1

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Section 5.2: Use Linear Equations in Slope-Intercept Form

Example 1:

a) You and some friends are going to the Drake concert. All tickets are the same price.

Ticketmaster adds a fixed fee to every order. The cost of a concert ticket is $50. If 5 tickets

cost $265 dollars, how much would 10 tickets cost?

b) Write an equation for the cost of any number of tickets.

c) What does each of the given numbers represent in the equation?

$50 $5 $265

d) How could you use these three values and y=mx+b to obtain the equation we wrote in

part B?

Example 2:

a) Thanksgiving is almost here! Butterball.com says it takes 20 minutes per pound to cook a

turkey, but your over requires extra time (it’s old!). If it takes 4 hours and 5 minutes to cook an

11 pound bird, how much extra time does your over require?

b) Write an equation for the times it takes to cook any size bird.

c) What does each of the given numbers represent in the equation?

11 245 20

d) How could you use these three values and y=mx+b to obtain the equation we wrote in

part B?

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Writing an Equation of a Line in Slope-Intercept Form

SStteepp 11:: IIddeennttiiffyy tthhee SSllooppee mm.

You can use the slope formula to calculate the slope if you know two points on the line.

SStteepp 22:: FFiinndd tthhee yy--iinntteerrcceepptt..

You can substitute the slope and the coordinates of a point (x, y) on the line into y = mx + b.

Then solve for b.

SStteepp 33:: WWrriittee aann EEqquuaattiioonn

Write an equation using y = mx + b. Plug in what you found.

Example 3: Write an equation of the line that passes through the given point and has the

given slope m.

a. (1, 2), m = 3 b. (6, 3), m = 2

Try: Write an equation of the line that passes through the given point and has the given

slope m.

1. (2, 2), m = 4 2. (6, 3), m = -2

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Example 4: YouTube Example

a) You post a hilarious video on YouTube and the number of “thumbs up” increases at a

constant rate each day. If you have 15 “thumbs up” on day 1 and 60 “thumbs up” on day

10, how many “thumbs up” did you average per day?

b) Right when you posted the video, you made sure to have several friends give it a “thumbs

up”. How many “thumbs up” did you start with? What does this number represent?

c) Write an equation to represent the total number of “thumbs up” on any given day.

Example 5: Write an equation of the line given two points.

a. (2, -3), (-2, 1) b. (3, 0), (2, -4) c. (1, 2), (-1, -4)

d. e.

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Section 5.4: Write Linear Equations in Standard Form

Standard Form – _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

Example 1: Write two equations in standard form that are equivalent.

a. -0.5x + 6y = -5.25

Equation 1 Equation 2

Try: Write two equations in standard form that are equivalent.

1. 4

1x + 2y =

3

1

Equation 1 Equation 2

Example 2: Write an equation in standard form of the line that passes through the given point

and has the given slope m.

a. (4, 3), m = 7 b. (-15, - 4), m =

1

2

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Example 3: Write an equation in standard form of the line that passes through the given

points.

a. (2, 4), (6, -4) b. (7, -3), (4, 1)

Try: Write an equation in standard form of the line that passes through the given points.

1. (3, -1), (2, -4)

Example 4: Write an equation of the specified line.

a. Line A

b. Line b

10

21

3

32

2

y x

y x

11

4

4 2

y x

y x

Section 5.5: Write Equations of Parallel and Perpendicular Lines

Example 1: Example 2:

Graph the two equations Graph the two equations

on the coordinate plane. on the coordinate plane.

What is the relationship between the lines that you graphed? What do you notice about the

slopes of the lines? Write 2-3 sentences explaining the relationship and your observations

about the slopes.

Parallel Lines – (REVIEW)

If two nonvertical lines in the same plane have the same slope, then they are parallel.

If two nonvertical lines in the same plane are parallel, then they have the same slope.

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Example 3: Graph the line given and the coordinate point. Use the slope of the line graphed

to help draw your new line. Your new line is parallel to the line given.

Part 1:

a. (2, 4), y = 4x + 1 b. (-4, 6), y = -3x + 2

Part 2:

Write an equation of the line that passes through the given point and is parallel to the given

line.

Try without graphing the line: Write an equation of the line that passes through the given

point and is parallel to the given line.

1. (-1, 2), y = -3x + 1

Perpendicular Lines – Lines that intersect to form a right angle.

If two nonvertical lines in the same plane have slopes that are , then

the lines are perpendicular.

If two nonvertical lines in the same plane are , then their slopes are

opposite reciprocals.

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Example 4: Write an equation of the line that passes through the given point and is

perpendicular to the given line.

Part 1: Graph the coordinate point and the line. Use our discussion of perpendicular slopes to

draw your new line.

a. (-3, 4), y =

1

3x + 2 b. (2, 9), 4x + y = 3

Part 2: Write the equation of the line.

Try without graphing the line: Write an equation of the line that passes through the given

point and is perpendicular to the given line.

1. (0, 4), y = -

1

3x + 2

Example 5: Determine which of the following lines, if any, are parallel or perpendicular

Line a: 12x – 3y = 3 Line b: y = 4x + 2 Line c: 4y + x = 8

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Section 5.6: Fit a Line to Data

Scatter Plots:

Positive Correlation Negative Correlation Relatively No Correlation

Independent and Dependent Variables:

Example 1: The number of minutes spent driving and the miles you have left to your destination.

Correlation = ______________________________________

Independent = _____________________________________

Dependent = _______________________________________

Example 2: The size of your shoe and your favorite TV show.

Correlation = ______________________________________

Independent = _____________________________________

Dependent = _______________________________________

Example 3: Your grade point average and the number of hours you spend on Facebook.

Correlation = ______________________________________

Independent = _____________________________________

Dependent = _______________________________________

Challenge: As the Ocean Levels fall the fish population decreases

Correlation = ______________________________________

Independent = _____________________________________

Dependent = _______________________________________

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Line of Best Fit:

Example 5: The table shows the number of hours students spent playing video games and the score they

received on their tests.

a) Identify the independent and dependent variables.

Independent: _________________________________

Dependent: ___________________________________

b) Label your axes and then make a scatter plot.

c) Describe the correlation of the data:

As the number of hours of playing video games…

______________________________________________

d) Write the equation of the line of best fit.

e) Explain the meaning of the y-intercept. f) Explain the meaning of the slope.

g) Predict a reasonable test score for playing video games for 12 hours.

h) If Brian received a 50 on his test, what is a reasonable number of hours he played video games for?

Scores on Tests 85 77 75 75 80 65

Hours Spent Playing

Video Games

6 7 9 5 8 10

When data shows a positive or negative correlation, you can model the trend in the data using a

________________________________________.

There should be approximately half the points _______________ and half the points _______________

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Example 6: This table shows pizza size (cheese only) compared to the cost for a few different pizza places.

[Dominos, Pizza hut, Homemade Pizza Co]

a) Identify the independent and dependent variables.

Independent: _________________________________

Dependent: _________________________________

b) Label your axes and then make a scatter plot.

c) Describe the correlation of the data:

_______________________________________________

________________________________________________

d) Write the equation of the line of best fit.

e) Explain the meaning of the y-intercept. f) Explain the meaning of the slope.

g) If you wanted to buy a 20 in pizza, what would the cost of the pizza be?

h) If you spent $11.11, what size pizza did you buy?

Size(in) 10 12 14 16 10 12 12 14

Cost($) 7.99 9.69 11.69 13.69 8.00 10.00 10.95 12.95

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Section 5.7: Predict with Linear Models

Best-fitting line – __________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________

Interpolation – _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

Extrapolation – _________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

Example 1: The table shows the number of hikers who have completed the Appalachian Trail

from 1996 to 2000.

Year 1996 1998 1999 2000

Hikers Completing Trail 405 403 552 523

a) Make a scatter plot of the data where x is the

number of years since 1996.

b) Find the equation that models the number of

hikers completing the trail as a function of the

number of years since 1996.

c) Approximate the number of hikers who d) Predict the number of hikers to

completed the entire trail in 1997. complete the entire trail in 2010.