Chapter 7Democracy and Dissent: The Violence of Party Politics (1788-1800)

George Washington•First President• Kept a neutral position• Was from Virginia.

Alexander Hamilton•Secretary of Treasury and Leader of Federalist Party,•Federalist,•Was associated with New York.

Thomas Jefferson•Secretary of State, Leader of the Jeffersonians, and Vice President under Adams, •Jeffersonian,•Virginia

John Adams•Second President and Vice President under Washington,•Federalist,•Massachusetts.

John Jay•First Chief of Justice,•Federalist•New York

Henry Knox•First Secretary of War,•Federalist• Massachusetts

James Madison•Congressman•His political affiliation was mainly federalist but he did sometime take the opposing side• Virginia.

Aaron Burr•Would become the Vice President under Jefferson,•Jeffersonian•New York.

Thomas Pinkney•U.S minister to Spain•Federalist• South Carolina.

Force of Public Opinion• Unlike the Jeffersonians, the Federalists wanted

the elites to run the show.

• Many old friends that allied during the making of the Constitution now grew apart. One perfect example is Hamilton and Jefferson.

• As a result of all this political activity people were more involved in government.

Principle and Pragmatism: Establishing a New Government• George Washington won the electoral college unanimously.

•Washington made a small cabinet to help him run the government.

•Had a small bureaucracy to work with

•One important legislation was the Judiciary Act of 1789

Conflicting Visions: Jefferson and Hamilton

Jefferson• Wanted to a strong central

government.• Did not want to be bound

by the strong wording of the constitution.

• Believed that by trusting the rich with fueling the economy then there would be a trickle down effect.

• Wanted to advance democratic principle.

• Favored France over Britain.

• Believed in the common folk

• Followed the constitution to a tee.

Hamilton

Hamilton’s Economic Plan• Report on Public Credit: • Contained 2 main parts.• 1) Promised U.S would pay all

its debt off at full face value.• 2) The federal government

would assume the debt of all the states.

• - Wanted to reduce power of the states.

• - Show the world U.S was good investment.

• - Hoped money would stay in U.S.

• National Bank:

• Thought that a growing financial community needed a central bank to complete complex transactions.

• Would be main depository of

the U.S government and would issue currency. The money would maintain its value while in circulation.

Hamilton’s Plan (Cont.)

Report on Public Credit:•Highlighted ways that the U.S could stimulate manufacturing.

•Hamilton feared that if the government didn’t act then people would invest in agriculture.

•Wanted protective tariffs would accelerate the growth of a balanced economy.

Washington’s Second Term• French Revolution Began• People took sides on whether they were pro-Britain or pro-

France.• This all led to the Proclamation of Neutrality

• Important Documents:• Jay Treaty• Pinckney Treaty• Treaty of Greenville

• The Whiskey Rebellion also took place

Washington’s Farewell Address•Said 4 things government should do.•1. Not get involved in European Affairs•2. Do not make permanent treaties•3. Do not form political parties•4. Avoid Sectionalism

John Adams•XYZ Affair caused much commotion

•Alien and Sedition acts wanted to weaken the Democratic-Republican party, it had 3 parts.

1. Naturalization Act2. Sedition Act3. Alien Act

John Adam’s (Cont)•Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions were

made as a result of the Alien and Sedition Acts.

•Adams also appointed the Midnight Judges which were made to strengthen the Federalist Party.

Peaceful Revolution•Election of 1800 ended in a tie between

Jefferson and Burr.

•With the help of Hamilton the House voted Jefferson as President.

Conclusion•This period was imperative for the

formation of a stable government. • It set up everything that would take place

in the chapters ahead.

Bibliography• A brief biography of john jay. (2002). Retrieved from

http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/digital/jay/biography.html

• Divine , R., Breen, T., Fredrickson, G., Williams, R., Gross, A., & Brands, H. (2011). America past and present. (9 ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc.

• Newman, J., & Schmalbach, J. (2010). United states history: Preparing for the advanced placement examinaton. New York, NY: Amsco School Publications.

• Ronemus, A. (1995, July 4). Alexander hamilton. Retrieved from http://www.ushistory.org/brandywine/special/art08.htm